Keynote; ch. 14; the solar system
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Chapter 14 discusses the structure and organization of the solar system, including the roles of gravity and the sun. It covers the characteristics of inner rocky planets and outer gas giants, as well as the types and behaviors of comets, asteroids, and meteoroids. The chapter also outlines Kepler's laws of planetary motion and the methods for measuring astronomical distances.
Keynote; ch. 14; the solar system
- 1. Chapter 14; The Solar Organization of the Solar System The Sun The inner rocky planets The outer gas giants Comets, asteroids, meteorites
- 2. Chapter 14; The Solar Organization of the Solar System The Sun The inner rocky planets The outer gas giants Comets, asteroids, meteorites
- 3. Ch. 14 Main Ideas Unbalanced forces cause motion. What is the role of gravity in forming and maintaining the shapes of the planets, the stars, and the solar system? The Sun is one of thousands of suns in the Milky Way Galaxy.
- 4. Ch. 14; Main Ideas cont. Suns differ in size, color, temperature. Astronomical units and light years both can be used to measure distance between planets. The stars are the source of all light in the solar system.
- 7. Kepler’s Laws First Law; Planets move in ellipses Second Law; When planets get close to the sun they move faster. Third Law; If you know how long it takes a planet to orbit the Sun you can calculate its distance from the sun.
- 8. Planet speed increases as distance from the sun decreases.
- 9. Measuring Astronomical Distance Astronomical units (A.U.) 1 A.U. = Earth’s average distance from the Sun = 150,000,000 km. Be able to calculate distance from A.U. 2.77 A.U. = (2.77)(150 million km) = 415,500,000 km
- 10. The Sun Nuclear Fusion; H + H = He Only occurs under pressure = Sun’s core. The total mass of all the He is less than the H!! Where did the missing mass go? The lost mass is converted into energy... Produces immense heat and light. Pressure pushes out, gravity pulls into a sphere
- 11. Fusion Summary
- 12. Structure of the Sun Core Radiation zone Convection zone Photosphere Chromosphere Corona Sunspots, prominences, solar flares & wind.
- 13. Four Rocky, Dense, Inner Planets
- 14. Four outer, gasseous, giants
- 15. Calculate
- 16. Comets, asteroids, meteorites Comet tails always point away from the Sun due to the solar winds.
- 17. What’s the difference? Comets; dust, small rocks, ice; elliptical orbits; seen rarely in the sky. Asteroids; larger than comets, smaller than planets, circular orbits. Meteoroid; Size in between comet & asteroid. Meteor; A meteoroid streaking through air. Meteorite; A meteoroid when it hits the Earth.