Kfs charitable giving

© 2013 VSA, LP Valid only if used prior to January 1, 2014. The
information, general principles and conclusions presented in this
report are subject to local, state and federal laws and
regulations, court cases and any revisions of same. While every
care has been taken in the preparation of this report, neither
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professional.
Giving Today to Guarantee Tomorrow
A Lesson in Charitable
Giving
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Why Consider a Charitable Gift?
2Giving Today to Guarantee Tomorrow: A Lesson in Charitable Giving
People give to charities for a variety of reasons. They give:
According to the Giving USA
Foundation, individual giving
accounted for 73% of all
contributions to charitable
organizations in 2011.*
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Because they have compassion for the less
fortunate.
From a belief that they owe something back
to society.
To support a favored institution or cause.
For the recognition attained by making
substantial charitable donations.
To benefit from the financial incentives our
tax system provides for charitable gifts.
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* Source: Giving USA FoundationTM - Giving USA 2012 Executive Summary
Regardless of your reasons for
giving, a careful review of the
various ways to structure charitable
gifts can help make your gifts more
meaningful, both to you and to the
charities you choose to support.

What Is a Charitable Gift?
In general, qualified charitable organizations include churches, temples, synagogues, mosques and
other religious organizations, colleges and other nonprofit educational organizations, museums,
nonprofit hospitals, and public parks and recreation areas. Gifts to these types of organizations qualify
for a federal income tax deduction if made during your lifetime or, if made after your death, can be
deducted from the value of your estate for federal estate tax purposes.
On the other hand, examples of noncharitable groups include labor unions, social clubs, lobbying
organizations, chambers of commerce, for-profit groups and individuals. Gifts to any of these are not
eligible for a charitable tax deduction.
If in doubt about an organization's qualified status, ask the charity for documentation of its tax-exempt
status. Alternatively, the IRS provides a complete listing of approved charitable organizations in
Publication 78, Cumulative List of Charitable Organizations (http://www.irs.gov).
A charitable gift is a donation of cash
or other property to, or for the
interest of, a charitable organization.
The gift is freely given with the
primary intention of benefiting the
charity.
Whether given during lifetime or after death, charitable
gifts are eligible for a tax deduction, but only if made to
a qualified charitable organization.
For example, you may have a relative who has fallen on hard times, someone you choose to help with
gifts of cash. While you may be motivated by charitable intentions in making these gifts, you cannot
deduct them for either income tax or estate tax purposes.

What Are the Income Tax Implications of Charitable Gifts?
Type of
Property
Donated
A number of factors determine the income tax deductibility of lifetime gifts to qualified charitable
organizations, including:
Gifts of cash and ordinary income property are generally deductible up to 50% of
the donor's adjusted gross income (AGI).
The fair market value of gifts of long-term capital gains property (e.g., real estate,
stock) is deductible up to 30% of AGI. There is, however, a special election through
which a donor may deduct up to 50% of AGI if the donor values the property at the
lesser of fair market value or adjusted cost basis.
Outright Gift or Partial Interest Gift
The deduction for an outright gift is generally based on the fair market value of the donated asset.
The deduction for a partial interest gift is based on the actuarial value of the partial interest given to
the charity.
Note: Unless the donor gives away the entire interest within 10 years or by the date of the donor's
death, whichever is sooner, or if the donee never takes possession of the donated asset during that
period, the donor's tax deduction is recaptured with interest and penalty.
continued on next slide

What Are the Income Tax Implications of Charitable Gifts?
Taxpayer's Adjusted Gross Income
The higher the donor's AGI, the greater his or her potential charitable deduction. For example, if Donor A
has an AGI of $500,000 and Donor B has an AGI of $100,000, Donor A can deduct up to $250,000 of
charitable cash gifts, while Donor B is limited to $50,000 of deductible cash gifts.
Charitable contributions in excess of the percentage limitations can be carried over and deducted for up
to five succeeding years.
Type of Charitable Organization
Public charities are also known as 50% charities since gifts to public charities are deductible up to
50% of AGI, as described above.
Private charities, most often private family foundations, are also known as 30% charities since the
charitable deduction is limited to 30% of AGI for gifts of cash and ordinary income property and to
20% for gifts of long-term capital gains property.
Itemized
Deductions
The donor must itemize income tax deductions in order to claim a charitable
deduction. A portion of itemized deductions is phased out for taxpayers with an AGI
above certain limits.

What Are the Estate and Gift Tax Implications of Charitable Gifts?
As a general rule, outright lifetime gifts to qualified charitable organizations qualify for an
unlimited gift tax exemption, meaning there is no limit to the amount a donor can give to
qualified charities without incurring a gift tax.
Gift Tax
The value of gifts made during life is removed from the donor's estate at death, meaning that
the value is not included in the estate for federal estate tax purposes.
For gifts made after death (testamentary gifts) to qualified charitable organizations, there is
an unlimited estate tax charitable deduction. This means that the entire value of all outright
gifts to charity made after a donor's death are subtracted from the donor's estate for federal
estate tax purposes.
Estate Tax

Substantiating Charitable Contributions for Tax Purposes
In order to avoid problems with charitable income tax deductions, it is important to keep accurate
records that comply with IRS substantiation requirements:
Type of Gift Required Substantiation
Cash Gifts:
Less than $250 Canceled check, receipt from the charity, or other reliable records.
$250 or more
Acknowledgement from the charity that includes the amount of the cash gift, a
statement of whether the charity provided any goods or services in return for
the gift and, if so, the value of those goods or services.
Records
Cash contributions of any amount are not deductible unless the donor can
substantiate the contribution through a bank record, cancelled check or
statement from the charity.
Non-Cash Gifts:
Less than $250
Receipt from the charity showing name of the charity, date and location of the
gift and a description of the donated property; donor's tax records must reflect
both fair market value and cost basis of the donated property.

Substantiating Charitable Contributions for Tax Purposes
$250 but less than
$500
Acknowledgement from the charity that includes a description of the donated
property, a statement of whether the charity provided any goods or services in
return for the gift and, if so, the value of those goods or services; donor's tax
records must reflect both fair market value and cost basis of the donated
property.
$500 but less than
$5,000
In addition to the above acknowledgement from the charity, donor must include
IRS Form 8283 (Noncash Charitable Contributions) with his/her income tax
return. Donor must also have records indicating how he/she originally acquired
the property and the property's cost basis.
$5,000 or more
In addition to an acknowledgement from the charity, filing of IRS form 8283 and
written records of how the donated property was acquired and the property's
cost basis, a qualified appraisal of the donated property must be attached to the
donor's tax return. NOTE: An appraisal is not required for gifts of $5,000 or
more of publicly-traded securities. For gifts of $5,000 to $10,000 of non-publicly
traded securities, only a partially completed appraisal summary form is required.
Note:
Clothing and household goods given to a charity must be in "good condition" or better for
the donor to receive a tax deduction. A limited exception allows a deduction for single items in "less
than good" condition if the item is appraised at more than $500.

What Can Be Given to a Charity?
While most anything can be given to charity, these are the more common forms of donated property:
Cash: Cash gifts are the easiest to give to a charity, both in terms of substantiating the deduction and in
determining the value of the gift. The full value of a cash gift is deductible, up to the AGI percentage
limits discussed previously.
Real Estate: Real estate that is owned outright and which has appreciated in value can be given to a
charity. The donor can generally deduct the fair market value of the property (up to the AGI percentage
limitation). When a charity sells donated appreciated property, the capital gain then escapes taxation,
up to the AGI percentage limits.
Securities: The best securities to donate tend to be those that have increased substantially in value. As
with real estate, the donor can generally deduct the fair market value of the security and the capital gain
escapes taxation when the security is sold by the charity.
Life Insurance: If a charitable organization is made the owner and beneficiary of an existing life
insurance policy, the donor can deduct the value of the policy as of the date of the transfer of ownership.
The donor may then deduct all future amounts given to the charity to pay the premiums.
If a charity is named just the beneficiary of an insurance policy on the donor's life, no current income tax
deduction is available. At the donor's death, however, the donor's estate receives an estate tax
charitable deduction for the full amount of the policy death benefit.

What Can Be Given to a Charity?
Retirement Plan Assets: A charity can be named as beneficiary of the funds in an IRA or employer-
sponsored retirement plan, providing a double tax benefit. At the owner's death, the gift will be eligible
for the estate tax charitable deduction and the charity will pay no income tax on the value of the
retirement plan assets it receives.
Through 2013, taxpayers who are at least age 70-1/2 can make tax-free distributions of up to $100,000
from traditional or Roth IRAs directly to charities.
Tangible Personal Property: Contributions of tangible personal property, such as art, jewelry, stamps,
etc., can be donated to charity and deducted at the lower of the item's fair market value or cost basis. If,
however, the item is used in the charity's mission (e.g., a donated painting displayed by an art museum),
the donor may deduct the full fair market value. Clothing and household goods given to a charity must
be in "good condition" or better for the donor to receive a tax deduction. A limited exception allows a
deduction for single items in "less than good" condition if the item is appraised at more than $500.

Matching Donor Goals with Charitable Gifts
Charitable Planning Goal Charitable Giving Technique The Outcome
A quick and easy gift
An outright gift of cash, securities
or personal property
Income tax deduction and
possible avoidance of capital gains
taxation
A large gift with little cost
Name a charity as owner and
beneficiary of a life insurance
policy
Current income tax deduction
equal to value of policy; possible
future deductions for premiums
Avoid capital gains tax on the sale
of an appreciated asset
Donate real estate, securities or
other appreciated assets
Current income tax deduction and
avoidance of capital gains tax
Make a charitable donation after
death
Name a charity in your will or
establish a revocable living trust
Control of property during lifetime
and possible estate tax savings
Donate personal residence, but
continue to live there
Donate ownership of the home to
a charity, but retain the right to
live there during lifetime (retained
life estate)
Charitable income tax deduction
and lifetime use of home
There are a variety of charitable giving techniques that can be matched with the donor's goals in
making the gift. These include:

Matching Donor Goals with Charitable Gifts
Charitable Planning Goal Charitable Giving Technique The Outcome
Avoid the double taxation (income
and estate) of retirement plan
assets
Name a charity as beneficiary of
retirement plan assets remaining
at your death
Avoids passing a heavily taxed
asset to heirs; removes remaining
value from estate
Receive a fixed income from assets Create a charitable remainder
annuity trust that pays a fixed
annual income
Immediate income tax deduction
and fixed income for life
Receive a potentially increasing
income from assets
Create a charitable remainder
unitrust that pays a percentage of
trust assets, which are valued
annually
Immediate income tax deduction
and potentially increasing income
for life
Reduce gift and estate taxes on
assets passing to heirs
Create a charitable lead trust that
pays income to a charity for a set
term and then passes to heirs
potential gift and/or estate tax
savings
Supplement income from assets Transfer assets to a charity in
return for a lifetime income
(charitable gift annuity or pooled
income fund)
lifetime income
Maintain control over how
donated funds are used
Donate assets to a donor advised
fund or set up a family foundation
take an active role on how
donation is managed and
distributed

Charitable Giving Technique: Outright Gifts
An outright gift is a donation of cash or non-cash property to a charity that is
available for the immediate use of the charity.
What It Is:
How It Works:
Cash donations can be made through check,
cash payment or credit card. Cash gifts are
deductible for income tax purposes in the
year in which the cash donation is made.
Non-cash donations frequently consist of
assets that have appreciated in value and
have been owned for more than one year.
Examples include real estate and securities.
If you were to sell an appreciated asset, the
gain would be subject to capital gains tax. By
donating the appreciated asset to a charity,
however, you can receive an income tax
deduction equal to the fair market value of
the asset and pay no capital gains tax on the
increased value.
For example, Donor A purchased $25,000 of publicly-
traded stock several years ago. That stock is now
worth $100,000. If she sells the stock, Donor A must
pay capital gains tax on the $75,000 gain.
Alternatively, Donor A can donate the stock to a
qualified charity and, in turn, receive a $100,000
charitable income tax deduction. When the charity
then sells the stock, no capital gains tax is due on the
appreciation.
Note:
Clothing and household goods given to a
charity must be in "good condition" or better for the
donor to receive a tax deduction. A limited exception
allows a deduction for single items in "less than good"
condition if the item is appraised at more than $500.

Charitable Giving Technique: Life Insurance Gifts
Through a gift of life insurance, you can make a substantial future gift to a charity at
an affordable cost.
What It Is:
There are several ways to make a gift of life insurance:How It Works:
If you have a life insurance policy you no longer need, you can contribute it to a charity by naming
the charity as the policy owner and beneficiary. You receive an immediate charitable income tax
deduction equal to the cash value of the policy. If you choose to give the charity money to pay
future premium payments, those cash donations are also eligible for a charitable income tax
deduction. At death, the life insurance proceeds are not included in your estate for federal estate
tax purposes.
Alternatively, you can purchase a new insurance policy on your life, name the charity as owner and
beneficiary, and arrange to make cash donations to the charity for premium payment purposes.
Those cash donations to the charity for premium payments are then deductible on your income tax
return. At death, the life insurance proceeds are not included in your estate for federal estate tax
purposes.
Finally, you can simply name a charity the beneficiary of a life insurance policy you continue to
own. In this instance, there is no charitable income tax deduction available, but the proceeds of the
policy at your death will not be included in your estate for federal estate tax purposes.

Charitable Giving Technique: Testamentary Gifts
Testamentary gifts are those given to a charity at a donor's death. This is a popular form of gift
giving because donors are able to maintain control over assets during their lifetimes, providing
the peace of mind of knowing that the asset is always available if needed. While there is no
income tax benefit to a testamentary gift, the value of the gift can be excluded from the donor's
estate for federal estate tax purposes through use of the unlimited estate tax charitable
deduction.
What It Is:
Here are two ways that a testamentary gift can be made:How It Works:
Bequest A gift arising from a donor's last will and testament.
Revocable
Living Trust
A revocable living trust is an arrangement created during lifetime to manage your
assets for yourself and your family, both before and after your death. A revocable
living trust can be structured to make charitable contributions after your death, once
the needs of your family are met.

Charitable Giving Technique: Testamentary Gifts
There are a variety of ways in which a testamentary gift can be arranged:
General or pecuniary: A gift of a stated sum of money to a specified charity to be used at the
discretion of the charity.
Percentage: A gift of a stated percentage of estate assets to a specified charity to be used at the
discretion of the charity.
Contingent: A gift with conditions attached, such as a requirement that donated land be used for
a specific purpose. If the condition cannot be met, the bequest is not made.
Specific: The gift of a specific asset, such as a painting given to an art museum.
Restricted: A gift that specifies how the funds are to be used, such as to provide scholarships.
Honorary or memorial: A gift given in honor or in memory of someone.
Endowed: A gift that restricts use of the principal, requiring that the funds be held permanently
and only the investment income they generate be used for charitable purposes.
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Charitable Giving Technique: Retained Life Estate
The deed to a personal residence (house, condominium, vacation house, farm)
can be given to a charity while retaining your right (and the right of your
spouse) to continue living in the home for life. At your death (or your spouse's
death if later), the charity receives the property outright.
What It Is:
In order to create a retained life estate, you irrevocably deed your
residence to a charity, but retain the right to live in it for the rest of your life, a term of years, or a
combination of the two. You may also provide for another individual, such as your spouse, to live
there for the rest of his or her life. You continue to be responsible for all routine expenses, such
as maintenance, insurance, property taxes, etc., and retain the right to rent your home or make
improvements to it. You can take an income tax charitable deduction in the year you create the
retained life estate. The charitable deduction is equal to the property's current appraised value
reduced by an adjustment for the estimated value of your retained interest.
After your death (or the death of another individual given a life estate in the residence), the
charity can sell the property and use the proceeds to further its purposes. The value of the
property is removed from your estate for federal estate tax purposes and the charity pays no
capital gains tax on the appreciation when your home is sold.
How It Works:

Charitable Giving Technique: Retirement Plan Assets
Qualified retirement plan assets are
generally made with before-tax dollars
and grow on a tax-deferred basis inside
of the retirement plan. When
distributions are taken from the plan,
however, income tax must be paid on
those distributions, either by you during
your lifetime or by your heirs after your
death. Furthermore, the value of
retirement plan assets passing to your
heirs is included in your estate for
federal estate tax purposes.
In order to avoid this double
income/estate taxation, retirement plan
assets can be donated to a charity,
where 100% of the funds will then be
available for support your philanthropic
objectives.
What It Is:
The simplest way to leave the balance in a retirement
plan to a charity is to name the charity as the beneficiary
of your retirement account. This may require that your
spouse execute a written waiver to his/her right under
the law to receive benefits from your retirement
account. Another alternative is to name your spouse as
the primary beneficiary and the charity as the secondary
beneficiary, to receive any proceeds remaining at your
spouse's later death.
Another possibility is to transfer retirement plan assets
at your death to a charitable trust, such as a charitable
remainder unitrust or a charitable remainder annuity
trust. You then designate a trust beneficiary to receive
income from the trust for life or for a specific number of
years. Thereafter, the remaining trust principal becomes
available to the charity to support its work.
How It Works:

Charitable Giving Technique: Retirement Plan Assets
It is important to obtain professional advice in designating a charity as the
beneficiary of retirement plan assets in order to avoid disadvantageous or
unexpected tax consequences.
CAUTION:
Note:
Through 2013, taxpayers who are at least age 70-1/2 can make tax-free distributions of up to
$100,000 from traditional or Roth IRAs directly to charities. The charitable distribution has to be
made directly by the IRA trustee to a qualified public charity and cannot be made to donor-
advised funds or to supporting private foundations. This provision is currently scheduled to
expire at the end of 2013. Since this provision was not extended for 2012 until early 2013,
special transition rules are available: (1) taxpayers may recharacterize distributions made in
January 2013 as made on December 31, 2012 or (2) taxpayers may treat a distribution from an
IRA to the taxpayer made in December 2012 as a charitable distribution if transferred to a
qualified charity before February 1, 2013.

Charitable Giving Technique: Split-Interest Charitable Gifts
If you want to make a charitable gift, especially a substantial one, split-interest charitable giving
techniques allow you to make the gift today, while retaining an interest in the property and
receiving both immediate and longer-term tax benefits.
What It Is:
With a split-interest charitable gift, the asset is split into two parts: a stream of income produced
by the asset (income interest) and the principal remaining after the income interest is paid
(remainder interest). Through the use of a charitable trust, the donor transfers the asset to the
trust and names a beneficiary for either the income interest or the remainder interest, with the
charity receiving the other interest.
Assuming the charitable trust is properly designed, a split-interest gift may provide a current
federal income tax deduction, avoidance or delay of capital gains taxation and/or a reduction of
the federal estate tax bill.
How It Works:

Charitable Giving Technique: Split-Interest Charitable Gifts
Depending on your personal and charitable giving objectives, there are several different types of
charitable trusts from which to select:
A beneficiary named by the donor receives the income interest for life or for a stated number of
years, after which the charity receives the remainder interest. The beneficiary can be the donor,
spouse or other family member. The donor receives an immediate charitable income tax
deduction based on the present value of the charity's remainder interest. A charitable remainder
trust is especially advantageous for donors with highly-appreciated assets, such as growth stocks
and mutual funds or raw land, that need to be sold and converted to income-producing assets. In
a charitable remainder annuity trust, the yearly income stream is a fixed amount determined at
inception of the trust, while a charitable remainder unitrust pays a yearly income stream based
on a percentage of the current value of trust assets, which are revalued each year.
Charitable Remainder Trusts:
The charity receives the income interest for a stated period of time, with the remainder interest
then going to a beneficiary named by the donor. The donor receives a current charitable
income tax deduction for the present value of the charity's income interest.
Charitable Lead Trusts:

Charitable Giving Technique: Charitable Gift Annuity or Pooled Income Fund
Either a charitable gift annuity or a pooled income
fund allow you to convert assets into income by
transferring assets to a charity in return for a promise
to receive an annual income from those assets.
What It Is:
A charitable gift annuity is a simple, contractual agreement between a donor and a charity, through
which assets are transferred to the charity in return for the charity's promise to pay the donor an
annual income. There is no trust involved. Instead, through a contractual agreement, in return for the
donated property, the charity pays a fixed amount to one or two annuitants (e.g., the donor alone or
the donor and spouse) for life. The annuity payments from the charity may begin immediately or be
deferred until a future point in time. The amount of the annuity payment is higher for older annuitants
and lower for younger annuitants, based on life expectancy. The donor receives an income tax
deduction equal to the difference between the fair market value of the donated property and the
present value of the income payments.
A charitable gift annuity is an attractive way to turn appreciated property into income without the
donor being liable for capital gains tax on the appreciation. One potential disadvantage, however, is
that unlike a charitable remainder trust, where the property is held in a separate trust, the charity's
promise to pay the income from a charitable gift annuity is a general claim against the charity's assets.
How It Works:
Charitable Gift Annuity

Charitable Giving Technique: Charitable Gift Annuity or Pooled Income Fund
A pooled income fund is a trust maintained by a public charity. Donors contribute assets to this trust
managed by the charity and those assets are commingled and managed together with assets donated
by other individuals, all of whom have retained an income interest.
The non-charitable income beneficiary (e.g., the donor, spouse, other family member) receives a pro
rata share of the income earned by the trust for life. When all income beneficiaries are deceased, the
remaining property reverts to the charity for its use.
The donor receives a current income tax deduction based on the age(s) of the beneficiary(ies) and the
fund's rate of return.
Pooled Income Fund

Charitable Giving Technique: Donor Advised Funds
Donors who want to be involved in how their charitable donations are used
may want to consider donating to a donor advised fund, through which the
donor (or someone appointed by the donor) is able to make
recommendations of funds to be paid to charitable beneficiaries.
What It Is:
A donor advised fund is established by a public charity, which sets up a sub-account in the
donor's name. The donor then transfers assets to the account and recommends that the charity
distribute funds to the donor's selected charities. If a highly-appreciated asset is being donated,
a donor advised fund enables that single asset to be split among several charities. The donor can
also change which charities receive grants from year to year.
The donor receives a charitable income tax deduction and the sponsoring charity usually receives
an annual fee for managing the account. The sponsoring charity must approve the distributions,
as well as ensure that the donor is not receiving any private benefit as a result of the
distributions.
A donor advised fund provides many of the benefits of a family foundation, without the
regulatory requirements, expense and lower income tax deduction limits of a family foundation.
How It Works:

Charitable Giving Technique: Family (Private) Foundation
Donors who want to maintain long-term control and flexibility in regard to how a substantial
charitable gift will be used may turn to a family foundation… a private charitable organization
created, funded and controlled by a donor and/or by members of the donor's family.
What It Is:
A family or private foundation is any charity that is not (1) a charity with an inherently public
nature (e.g., a hospital, church or college), (2) a charity that receives most of its donations and
support from the general public (e.g., a museum), or (3) an organization that is operated,
supervised or controlled by or in connection with a public charity (something of a subsidiary of a
public charity).
When compared to other charitable giving alternatives, a family foundation provides a donor
with the advantages of significant flexibility and control over the timing and manner in which
charitable expenditures are made by the family foundation. A family foundation can also provide
the donor and donor's family with significant local visibility for the family's charitable work.
How It Works:

Charitable Giving Technique: Family (Private) Foundation
On the downside, administrative costs to operate a family foundation can be high since family
foundations are subject to a restrictive set of rules and excise taxes can be levied on both the
foundation and donors if those rules are violated.
In addition, the charitable income tax deduction is lower for donations to private foundations
than it is for donations to public charities.
Annual income tax deductions for donations of cash to private foundations are limited to 30% of
the donor's adjusted gross income (AGI) and to 20% of AGI for donations of capital gain property
(as compared to 50% and 30% respectively for donations to public charities).

Charitable Giving Technique: Wealth Replacement Trust
By implementing one or more of the various charitable giving techniques described previously, an
individual can realize certain income and estate tax objectives, while ultimately providing assets
to a favorite charity. In doing so, however, the donor's family will be deprived of those assets
that they might otherwise have received. A wealth replacement trust can be used to replace the
value of assets transferred to a charity.
What It Is:
The charitable donor establishes an irrevocable life insurance trust and the trustee acquires life
insurance on the donor's life in an amount equal to the value of the assets transferred to the
charity. Using the charitable deduction income tax savings (and possibly the income flow from a
charitable remainder annuity, charitable gift annuity or pooled income fund), the donor makes
gifts to the irrevocable life insurance trust that are then used to pay the life insurance policy
premiums.
At the donor's death, the life insurance proceeds generally pass to the donor's heirs free of
income tax and estate tax, replacing the assets that were given to the charity.
How It Works:

Final Thoughts
"No act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted."
-- Aesop
"I am only one; but still I am one. I cannot do everything, but still I can do something; I will
not refuse to do the something I can do."
-- Helen Keller
"Kindness is the language which the deaf can hear and the blind can see."
-- Mark Twain

A Note About The Federal Estate Tax
Whether your estate is actually subject to the federal estate tax will depend on the size of your
estate, the year you die and whether future Congressional action modifies the estate tax rules.

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