Leadership and it's types
- 1. Leadership styles & it’s effectiveness
- 4. Leadership Leadership is the ability of an individual or a group of individuals to influence and guide followers towards achievement of a common objective or goal.
- 5. Leadership in business Leadership in the business world is the capacity of a company’s management to set and achieve challenging goals, take fast and decisive action when needed, outperform the competition, and inspire others to perform at the highest level they can.
- 6. Theories related to leadership Trait Theories Style theories Contingency Theories
- 7. Trait theory Trait theory of leadership suggests that certain inborn or innate qualities and characteristics makes someone a leader. These qualities might be personality factors, physical factors, intelligence factors and so on. The assumption here is that choosing people with right traits will improve organisational performance.
- 8. Style theories Style theory talks about different leadership styles which basically refers to classification of how a person behaves while leading a group.
- 9. Style Theories Blake and Mouton’s Managerial grid Ashridge Management College
- 10. Blake and Mouton’s Managerial grid This managerial grid considers two key aspects in leadership – concern for people and concern for production. This grid helps in evaluating current leadership style and devise a plan on how to reach the most optimum leadership style. Manager here is placed on the graph based on his or her degree of concern for people or production.
- 11. Blake and Mouton’s findings were as follows: • Management impoverished (1,1) : Herein the manager makes least effort and has the least concern for getting the tasks done. The manager has concerns for the people which leads to a comfortable and friendly organization’s but is not effective as less work gets done. • Country club management (1,9): • Task management (9,1): This manager is focused on increasing production efficiency and quantity at the cost of labor wellbeing.
- 12. • Middle of the road management (5,5): The manager’s concern for people and production however score an average on both. • Team management (9,9): The manager is able to optimally manage people and production thereby the best form of leadership in theory.
- 13. Ashridge Management college Ashridge management college Tells/ Autocratic style Sells / Persuasive style Consult / Participative style Joins / Democratic style
- 14. 1. Tells / Autocratic style : This is also referred to as ‘boss centered’ leadership. Herein the manager is the sole decision maker and does not take into consideration anyone else’s view point. He/ she instructs employees what to do and expect them to do it without any suggestion. L E E E E L – Leader E - Employee
- 15. 2. Sells / persuasive style: Here the manager is still the sole decision maker and instruct employees on what to do. But, unlike Autocratic style here the manager also tries to explain the rationale behind his decisions and instructions rather than simply instructing them to obey him.
- 16. 3. Consult / participative style: Manager will ask the employees for their opinions and it is his decisions whether to incorporate their views or not and the manager will still make the final decision.
- 17. 4. Joins / democratic leadership style: The manager following this type of leadership style will include employees in the decision making process and there will be a consensus.
- 18. Contingency Theory Contingency theory is also known as situational approach. As it states that there is no one universally applicable management theory to manage organizations. This is because every organization is different and face different situation and requires different ways of getting things done. Managers must determine the method that would work out the best.
- 20. Adair As per Adair, a leader needs to make a balance between 3 interrelated needs and goals – Task needs, group needs and Individual needs in order to be effective. Fiedler Fiedler evaluated the relationship between leadership style and effectiveness of work, there are 2 styles of leadership: 1. Psychologically Distant managers (PDM’s) 2. Psychologically Close managers (PCM’s) Bennis According to Bennis there are two types of leadership: 1. Transactional leadership 2. Transformational leadership
- 21. Kotter Kotter suggested certain ways in order to deal with resistance and conflicts within an organisation or managing change with in an organisation. Some of those ways are : 1. Participation and Involvement 2. Education and communication 3. Facilitation and support and many more… Heifetz As per Heifetz the role of managers or leaders is to aid their subordinates in facing reality, helping and guiding them in facing their issues and challenges. This can help in increasing level of motivation and productivity too.