![1)LEGISLATIVESTRUCRURE OF MMR:
ANS: Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) is a metropolitan area in Maharashtra state,
consisting of the state capital Mumbai (previously known as 'Bombay') and its satellite towns.
Developing over a period of about 20 years, it consists of nine municipal corporations and fifteen
smaller municipal councils. The entire area is overseen by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region
Development Authority (MMRDA), a Maharashtra State Government organisation in charge of
town planning, development, transportation and housing in the region.
The MMRDA was formed to address the challenges in planning and development of integrated
infrastructure for the metropolitan region. The areas outside Brihan Mumbai (Greater Mumbai)
and Navi Mumbai have lacked organised development. Navi Mumbai, developed as one of the
largest planned cities in the world, was promoted by a Maharashtra Government-owned
company, City and Industrial Development Corporation (CIDCO).
The region has had problems related to haphazard and illegal development as a result of rapid
urbanisation. Villages along the NH3 in Bhiwandi Taluka are examples of haphazard
developments in the MMR, with some of the largest warehousing areas in India. Government
agencies such as the Town Planner and Collector of Thane have had challenges in addressing
unorganised development.
Mumbai Metropolitan Region
The region has an area of 4,355 km² and with a population of 20,748,395, it is among the most
populous metropolitan areas in the world.[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1-210630112954/85/LEGISLATIVE-STRUCRURE-OF-MMR-1-320.jpg)
![3) COSTAL REGULATION ZONE ANDITS TYPES IN DETAIL?
ANS: Under the Environment Protection Act, 1986 of India, notification was issued in February
1991, for regulation of activities in the coastal area by the Ministry of Environment and
Forests (MoEF). As per the notification, the coastal land up to 500m from the High Tide
Line (HTL) and a stage of 100m along banks of creeks, estuaries, backwater and rivers subject
to tidal fluctuations, is called the Coastal Regulation Zone(CRZ). CRZ along the country has
been placed in four categories. The above notification includes only the inter-tidal zone and land
part of the coastal area and does not include the ocean part. The notification imposed restriction
on the setting up and expansion[1]
of industries or processing plaits etc. in the said CRZ. Coastal
Regulation Zones(CRZ) are notified by the govt of India in 1991 for the first time. Under this
coastal areas have been classified as CRZ-1, CRZ-2, CRZ-3, CRZ-4. And the same they
retained for CRZ in 2003 notifications as well.
CRZ-1: these are ecologically sensitive areas these are essential in maintaining the
ecosystem of the coast. They lie between low and high tide line. Exploration of natural gas
and extraction of salt are permitted
CRZ-2: these areas form up to the shoreline of the coast. Unauthorised structures are not
allowed to construct in this zone.
CRZ-3: rural and urban localities which fall outside the 1 and 2. Only certain activities related
to agriculture even some public facilities are allowed in this zone
CRZ-4: this lies in the aquatic area up to territorial limits. Fishing and allied activities are
permitted in this zone. Solid waste should be let off in this zone.
4) ENVIORNMENTALIMPACTASSESSMENTAND PROJECTTHAT REQUIRES ENVIORNMENT:
ANS:Environmental Impact Assessment. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a
process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or
development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-
health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1-210630112954/85/LEGISLATIVE-STRUCRURE-OF-MMR-3-320.jpg)
LEGISLATIVE STRUCRURE OF MMR:
- 1. 1)LEGISLATIVESTRUCRURE OF MMR: ANS: Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) is a metropolitan area in Maharashtra state, consisting of the state capital Mumbai (previously known as 'Bombay') and its satellite towns. Developing over a period of about 20 years, it consists of nine municipal corporations and fifteen smaller municipal councils. The entire area is overseen by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA), a Maharashtra State Government organisation in charge of town planning, development, transportation and housing in the region. The MMRDA was formed to address the challenges in planning and development of integrated infrastructure for the metropolitan region. The areas outside Brihan Mumbai (Greater Mumbai) and Navi Mumbai have lacked organised development. Navi Mumbai, developed as one of the largest planned cities in the world, was promoted by a Maharashtra Government-owned company, City and Industrial Development Corporation (CIDCO). The region has had problems related to haphazard and illegal development as a result of rapid urbanisation. Villages along the NH3 in Bhiwandi Taluka are examples of haphazard developments in the MMR, with some of the largest warehousing areas in India. Government agencies such as the Town Planner and Collector of Thane have had challenges in addressing unorganised development. Mumbai Metropolitan Region The region has an area of 4,355 km² and with a population of 20,748,395, it is among the most populous metropolitan areas in the world.[1]
- 2. 2.INTRODUCTION TO DCR ANDITS REGULATION: 1. ANS:Development control rules 1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com 3 Regulation is necessary to ensure planned development Motive of development control is that any approved plan is implemented by individual and by corporate or by public sector developer and thus all new developments should confirm to the provision of the plan. Necessity: DCR is must for every growing city because the area immediately beyond the city limits is often a source of health hazard to the city and generally under no strict control of an efficient local authority. 2. 4. Objectives of development control 1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com 4 1) To control the private development as per the required standards in relation to public health, safety and convenience. 2) To encourage private interest along with public interest in all aspects of development. 3) To prevent the conflicting demand and misuse of land. 4) To control and prevent overcrowding on land. Development control is statutory in nature and the planning authority has the power to punish the defaulters. 3. 5. DCR 1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com 5 Types of Development Controls 1) Town and Country Planning Act 2) Zoning Regulations 3) SLUM Clearance Act 4) Building Bye-laws 5) Periphery Control Act 6) Land Acquisition Act 4. 6. DCR 1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com 6 Zoning Regulations deal with 1) Allocation of land for specific purposes 2) Control of the use, height and construction of the building Objective of zoning:- 1) The Town planner gets ample opportunity for designing the future growth and development of the town. 2) Re-zoning if required for better uses of land by revising their zoning ordinances can be possible. 3) The zoning affords proper co-ordination of various public amenities such as transport facilities, drainage, electric power, etc. 4) The zoning proves to be an effective instrument for making any town planning scheme effective and successful 5. 7. 1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com 7 Bye Laws Freedom to builder or landlord Rights of occupants Rights of neighbor Applicability of Bye-Laws:- 1) Additions and alteration to a buildings. 2) New construction. 3) Requirement of open space 6. 8. DCR 1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com 8 Building Bye-laws- Objectives 1) It becomes easier to pre-plan the building activities and provision of bye-laws, give guidelines to the designing architect or engineer. 2) The building bye-laws prevent haphazard development without any resemblance to the development of the area as a whole. 3) To provide open spaces, air breeze and afford safety against fire, noise, smoke etc. 4) To control land development 5)Material types control 7. 9. 1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com 9 Bye Laws Minimum sizes of plots Low Income Group =135-180 Sqm MIG=216-360 Sqm HIG= 486-972 Set backs Front / Rear Margin Side Margin Min habitable area of rooms Proportion of built up area to plot area Plinth height Floor height Proportionate opening area Projections Stair Compound Materials and workmanship
- 3. 3) COSTAL REGULATION ZONE ANDITS TYPES IN DETAIL? ANS: Under the Environment Protection Act, 1986 of India, notification was issued in February 1991, for regulation of activities in the coastal area by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). As per the notification, the coastal land up to 500m from the High Tide Line (HTL) and a stage of 100m along banks of creeks, estuaries, backwater and rivers subject to tidal fluctuations, is called the Coastal Regulation Zone(CRZ). CRZ along the country has been placed in four categories. The above notification includes only the inter-tidal zone and land part of the coastal area and does not include the ocean part. The notification imposed restriction on the setting up and expansion[1] of industries or processing plaits etc. in the said CRZ. Coastal Regulation Zones(CRZ) are notified by the govt of India in 1991 for the first time. Under this coastal areas have been classified as CRZ-1, CRZ-2, CRZ-3, CRZ-4. And the same they retained for CRZ in 2003 notifications as well. CRZ-1: these are ecologically sensitive areas these are essential in maintaining the ecosystem of the coast. They lie between low and high tide line. Exploration of natural gas and extraction of salt are permitted CRZ-2: these areas form up to the shoreline of the coast. Unauthorised structures are not allowed to construct in this zone. CRZ-3: rural and urban localities which fall outside the 1 and 2. Only certain activities related to agriculture even some public facilities are allowed in this zone CRZ-4: this lies in the aquatic area up to territorial limits. Fishing and allied activities are permitted in this zone. Solid waste should be let off in this zone. 4) ENVIORNMENTALIMPACTASSESSMENTAND PROJECTTHAT REQUIRES ENVIORNMENT: ANS:Environmental Impact Assessment. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human- health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.