Level 2 Grammar Review
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This document provides information about level 2 grammar, including gerunds and infinitives, adverbs of frequency/manner/degree, and comparisons of adjectives. It defines gerunds and infinitives, explains their different uses as subjects, objects, and subject complements. It also defines and provides examples of adverbs of manner, degree, and frequency. Finally, it presents a series of slides to practice comparing adjectives.
Level 2 Grammar Review
- 1. Level 2 grammar Part 1: gerund and infinitive
- 2. Forms of gerund and infinitive Verb base form Gerund: -ing form of a verb Infinitive: to + verb base form listen listening to listen speak speaking to speak write writing to write read reading to read
- 3. Gerund use 1: subject Use a gerund as a noun: a gerund can work as a subject: gerund subjects take singular verbs: 1. Playing with your cellphone in class is not good. 2. Walking helps you stay healthy. 3. Playing a game too long gave me a headache. 4. Singing and dancing are my joys in life. (Why plural?)
- 4. Gerund use 2: object Use a gerund as a noun: use a gerund after a verb or a preposition as an object: 1. He dislikes watching TV. 2. We enjoy walking in the park. 3. I am fond of reading in the library. 4. She is tired of washing dishes all the time.
- 5. Gerund use 3: subject complement Use a gerund as a noun: use a gerund after BE verb: 1.His favorite hobby is watching TV. 2.What she really likes is traveling to other countries.
- 6. Common Infinitive Use 1: Subject and Direct Object An infinitive can be used as a noun, so it can be both subject and object in sentences. For example: To study hard will increase your chance to pass this level. (Subject or object?) Jane wants to open a coffee shop.(Subject or object?)
- 7. Common Infinitive Use 2: Subject Complement The infinitive is used after a linking verb, so the infinitive works as a subject complement. For example: Sam’s dream is to become a singer. What is your goal in life?
- 8. Common Infinitive Use 3 It + infinitive sentences 1. It takes time to learn a different language. 2. It is important to have a balanced diet.
- 9. Differences between: Infinitive and Gerund 1 Gerund: To express purpose of something • A dishwasher is for washing dishes. Infinitive: To express purpose of someone • We use dishwasher to wash dishes.
- 10. Differences between: Infinitive and Gerund 2 Gerund: Actions have been completed. • I stopped worrying about my tests. Infinitive: Actions that will occur in the future. • I would like to take a break soon.
- 11. Practice time! Some verbs can be followed by a gerund only. avoid consider deny enjoy finish involve keep mind recall suggest Some verbs can be followed by an infinitive only. agree plan decide refuse expect seem tend want
- 12. Level 2 Grammar Part 2: adverbs of frequency/manner/degree
- 13. Adverbs Adverbs of manner How an action happens Adverbs of degree Make other adverbs stronger or weaker. Adverbs of frequency How often an action happens She is reading quietly on the coach. This question is quite easy. I always get up at 8 o'clock.
- 14. Adverbs of manner It mainly modifies verbs and tells the way in which something happens What is he doing? He is reading. How is he reading? He is reading quietly.
- 15. Adverbs of Degree Extremely The water was extremely hot. (adj.) quite The movie is quite boring. (adj.) just He just left. (verb) almost She almost finished the project. (verb) very He walks very slowly. (adv.) too You speak too fast. (adv.) enough You are running fast enough. (adv.)
- 17. Comparative and Superlative: Slides for Practice
- 18. Nice A B
- 19. Comfortable
- 20. Healthy
- 21. Easy
- 22. Important
- 23. Clean
- 24. Cute
- 25. Sweet
- 26. Good
- 27. Green
- 29. Fast
- 30. Beautiful
- 31. Interesting
- 32. Dangerous
- 33. Big
- 34. Tasty
- 35. Cozy and Nice to Study
- 36. Necessary
- 37. Difficult
- 38. Close to your Apartment
- 39. Warm
- 40. Noisy
- 41. Expensive