Local Government and Regional Administration
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The population of the Philippines is currently estimated at 97.7 million people, an increase of 3% from the previous record. Historically, the population of Vietnam was larger than the Philippines, but by the turn of the century their populations overlapped and now the Philippines has a larger population. The population density of the Philippines is estimated to be around 797 people per square mile based on the total land area and population.
Local Government and Regional Administration
- 2. The current population of the Republic of the Philippines is estimated to be approximately 97.704 million people, which is an increase of 3.0% from the last record of the population. Historically, the population of the Philippines had been less than the population of the population of Vietnam. However, at the turn of the century, the populations of the two countries overlapped and then the population of the Philippines became greater. Based on the total land area and the total population of the country, the population density is estimated to be about 797.2 people per square mile. Philippines Population 2013 http://www.worldpopulationstatistics.com/philip pines-population-2013/
- 3. The Republic of the Philippines comprising 7,107 islands, the 5th longest coastline in the world
- 4. Total Number of OFWs is Estimated at 2.2 Million (Results from the 2012 Survey on Overseas Filipinos) Reference Number: 2013-116 Release Date: Thursday, July 11, 2013 Remittances hit record high of $25.1 B in 2013 (philstar.com) | Upd ated February 17, 2014 - 11:30pm
- 5. The Philippines has a presidential, unitary form of government (with some modification, there is one autonomous region largely free from the national government), where the President functions as both head of state and head of government and is commander –in- chief of the armed forces. The president is elected by popular vote to a single six-year term, during which time she or he appoints and presides over the cabinet
- 6. In Unitary System the central government is the nation as a whole The element of subordination appears in any definition of local government. By nature, local governments are subordinate entities, having no inherent powers and must look up to the higher governmental level for delegation of authority
- 7. The bicameral Congress is composed of a Senate, serving as the upper house, with members elected to a six-year term, and a House of representative, serving as the lower house. with members elected to a three-year term. They are elected from both legislative districts and through sectoral representation
- 8. The judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court, composed of a Chief Justice as its presiding officer and fourteen associate justices appointed by the Philippine President from nominations submitted by the Judicial and Bar Council There have been attempts to change the government to a federal, unicameral, or parliamentary beginning in the term of Ramos up to the present administration
- 9. Definition • The UN (1962) defines local governments as “political subdivisions of a nation or state” • Two important elements are therefore found in any definition of local government – the presence of a higher authority and territorial boundary
- 10. • While local government do not have inherent powers, they do have legal authority to exercise their powers • The extent of local governments exercise authority delegated to them varies according to their capabilities
- 11. Administrative Divisions The Philippines is divided into three island groups: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. These are divided into 17 regions, 81 provinces, 144 cities, 1,490 municipalities and 42,028 barangays PSGC Summary. National Statistical Coordination Board. December 31, 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
- 12. Local government hierarchy. The dashed lines emanating from the president means that the President only exercises general supervision on local government
- 13. Concepts and Definitions Local Government Units: Region - A sub-national administrative unit comprising of several provinces having more or less homogenous characteristics, such as ethnic origin of inhabitants, dialect spoken, agricultural produce, etc.
- 14. Regions Region Designation Regional center Ilocos Region Region I San Fernando, La Union Cagayan Valley Region II Tuguegarao, Cagayan Central Luzon Region III San Fernando, Pampanga CALABARZON Region IV-A Calamba City, Laguna MIMAROPA Region IV-B Calapan, Oriental Mindoro Bicol Region Region V Legazpi, Albay Western Visayas Region VI Iloilo City Central Visayas Region VII Cebu City Eastern Visayas Region VIII Tacloban Zamboanga Peninsula Region IX Pagadian, Zamboanga del Sur Northern Mindanao Region X Cagayan de Oro Davao Region Region XI Davao City SOCCSKSSARGEN Region XII Kororadal, South Cotabato Caraga Region XIII Butuan Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao ARMM Cotabato City Cordillera Administrative Region CAR Baguio National Capital Region NCR Manila
- 15. A map of provinces with national government regions
- 16. Concepts and Definitions Province - The largest unit in the political structure of the Philippines. It consists, in varying numbers, of municipalities and, in some cases, of component cities. Its functions and duties in relation to its component cities and municipalities are generally coordinative and supervisory.
- 17. Concepts and Definitions City - There are three classes of cities in the Philippines: the highly urbanized, the independent component cities which are independent of the province, and the component cities which are part of the provinces where they are located and subject to their administrative supervision.
- 18. Concepts and Definitions Municipality - Is a political corporate body which is endowed with the facilities of a municipal corporation, exercised by and through the municipal government in conformity with law. It is a subsidiary of the province which consists of a number of barangays within its territorial boundaries, one of which is the seat of government found at the town proper (poblacion).
- 19. Concepts and Definitions Barangay - The smallest political unit into which cities and municipalities in the Philippines are divided. It is the basic unit of the Philippine political system. It consists of less than 1,000 inhabitants residing within the territorial limit of a city or municipality and administered by a set of elective officials, headed by a barangay chairman (punong barangay).
- 20. Concepts and Definitions City Classification Highly Urbanized Cities Independent Component Cities Component Cities
- 21. Concepts and Definitions City Classification Highly Urbanized Cities - Cities with a minimum population of two hundred thousand (200,000) inhabitants, as certified by the National Statistics Office, and with the latest annual income of at least Fifty Million Pesos (P50,000,000.00) based on 1991 constant prices, as certified by the city treasurer. Independent Component Cities - Cities whose charters prohibit their voters from voting for provincial elective officials. Independent component cities shall be independent of the province. Component Cities - Cities which do not meet the above requirements shall be considered component cities of the province in which they are geographically located. If a component city is located within the boundaries of two (2) or more provinces, such city shall be considered a component of the province of which it used to be a municipality.
- 22. Concepts and Definitions Urban/Rural Classification In the Philippines, “urban” areas fall under the following categories: 1. In their entirety, all municipal jurisdictions which, whether designated chartered cities, provincial capital or not, have a population density of at least 1,000 persons per square kilometer: all barangays; 2. Poblaciones or central districts of municipalities and cities which have a population density of at least 500 persons square kilometer;
- 23. 3. Poblaciones or central districts not included in (1) and (2) regardless of the population size which have the following: street pattern or network of streets in either parallel or right angel orientation; •at least six establishments (commercial, manufacturing, recreational and/or personal services); •at least three of the following: •a town hall, church or chapel with religious service at least once a month; •a public plaza, park or cemetery; •a market place, or building, where trading activities are carried on at least once a week; •a public building, like a school, hospital, puericulture and health center or library.
- 24. 4. Barangays having at least 1,000 inhabitants which meet the conditions set forth in (3) above and where the occupation of the inhabitants is predominantly non- farming or fishing. RURAL AREAS All poblaciones or central districts and all barrios that do not meet the requirements for classification of urban.
- 25. Layers of Local Authority • Provinces – is the intermediate unit, providing supervision to the municipalities and component cities under it and performing services for the national government • Cities/Municipalities – performing services for people who live together in a community • Barangays (Submunicipal) – provides opportunity for face to face interaction among the people.
- 26. Officials • Just as the national government, local governments are divided into three branches: executive, legislative and judiciary. The judicial branch is administered solely by the Supreme Court of the Philippines. The LGUs have control of the executive and legislative branch. • The executive branch is composed of the regional governor for the autonomous region, governor for the provinces, mayor for the cities and municipalities, and the barangay captain for the barangays. • The legislative branch is composed of the regional Legislative Assembly for the autonomous region, the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial assembly) for the provinces, Sangguniang Panlungsod (city assembly) for the cities, Sangguniang Bayan (town assembly) for the municipalities, Sangguniang Barangay (barangay council), and the Sangguniang Kabataan for the youth sector
- 27. Assemblies • The assemblies review the ordinances and resolutions enacted by the assemblies below its jurisdiction. Aside from regular and ex-officio members, the assemblies above the barangay level also have three sectoral representatives, one each from women, agricultural or industrial workers, and other sectors
- 28. LGU Assembly Composition Head Autonomous region Regional Legislative Assembly •24 members: •Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu: 6 each, 3 elected from each assembly district •Basilan (except Isabela), Tawi-Tawi: 3 each, elected at-large •Sectoral representatives varies Assembly speaker
- 29. LGU Assembly Composition Head Province Sangguniang Panlalawigan •Cebu, Negros Occidental, Pangasinan: 12 SP members, 2 elected from each district •All other first class and second class provinces: 10 SP members, with varying number of members per district •Third class and fourth class provinces: 8 SP members, with varying number of members per district •Fifth class and sixth class provinces: 6 SP members, with varying number of members per district •President of the provincial chapter of the Liga ng mga Barangay • President of the provincial federation of the Sangguniang Kabataan Sectoral representatives varies Vice governor
- 30. LGU Assembly Composition Head City Sangguniang Panlungsod Manila: 36 councilors, 6 elected from each district Davao City: 24 councilors, 8 elected from each district Quezon City: 24 councilors, 6 elected from each district Antipolo, Cagayan de Oro,Cebu City Makati, Muntinlupa,Parañaque, Zamboanga City: 16 councilors, 8 elected from each district Rest of Metro Manila, Calbayog, San Jose del Monte: 12 councilors, 6 elected from each district Samal, Sorsogon City: 12 councilors, 4 elected from each district Baguio, General Santos, Iloilo City , San Fernando, La Union, Tuguegarao: 12 councilors, elected at-large Vice Mayor
- 31. LGU Assembly Composition Head City Sangguniang Panlungsod •All other cities: 10 councilors, elected at-large •President of the city chapter of the Liga ng mga Barangay •President of the city federation of the Sangguniang Kabataan •Sectoral representatives varies Vice Mayor
- 32. LGU Assembly Composition Head Municipality Sangguniang Bayan Pateros, Metro Manila: 12 councilors, 6 elected from each district All other municipalities: 8 councilors, elected at-large President of the municipal chapter of the Liga ng mga Barangay President of the municipal federation of the Sangguniang Kabataan Sectoral representatives Vice Mayor
- 33. LGU Assembly Composition Head Barangay Sangguniang Barangay •7 members elected at-large •Sangguniang Kabataan chairperson Barangay captain Sangguniang Kabataan •7 members elected at-large Sangguniang Kabataan chairperson
- 34. All elected officials have 3-year terms, and can only serve a maximum of three consecutive terms before being ineligible for reelection Elected officials
- 35. As a matter of principle, higher legislative entities have the power to create, divide, merge, abolish, or substantially alter boundaries of any lower-level LGU through a law or by an ordinance, all subject to approval by a majority of the votes cast in a plebiscite to be conducted by the Commission on Election (COMELEC) in the local government unit or units directly affected. The Local Government Code has also set requisites for creating local government units Creation and Modification of LGUs
- 36. LGU Area Population Income Legislative bodies that can create, merge, abolish or substantiall y alter the boundaries of the LGU Province 2,000 square kilometers 250,000 P20 million for the last two (2) consecutive years based on 1991 constant prices Congress
- 37. LGU Area Population Income Legislative bodies that can create, merge, abolish or substantiall y alter the boundaries of the LGU City 100 Square kilometers 150,000 P100 million for the last two (2) consecutive years based on 2000 constant prices Congress
- 38. LGU Area Population Income Legislative bodies that can create, merge, abolish or substantiall y alter the boundaries of the LGU Municipality 50 square kilometer 25,000 P2.5 million for the last two (2) consecutive years based on 1991 constant prices ARMM Regional Assembly
- 39. LGU Area Population Income Legislative bodies that can create, merge, abolish or substantially alter the boundaries of the LGU Barangay None 5,000 (Metro Manila and highly- urbanized cities) 2,000 (rest of the country) None Congress ARMM Regional Assembly Sangguniang Panlalawigan, with recommendation from the concerned Sangguniang Bayan(s) required Sangguniang Panlungsod
- 40. Income classification for Provinces Class Average Annual Income First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth P 350 M or more P 280 or more but less than P 350 M P 210 M or more but less that P 280 M P 140 M or more but not less than P 210 M P 70 M or more but less than P 140 M Below P 70 M
- 41. Income classification for Cities Class Average Annual Income Special First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth per Presidential Decree No. 465 P 300 M or more P 240 M or more but less than P 300M P 180 M or more but less than P 240M P 120 M or more but less than P 180M P 60 M or more but less than P 120 M Below P 60
- 42. •(Based on Department of Finance Department Order No.20-05 Effective July 29, 2005) Income classification for Municipalities Class Average Annual Income First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth P 50 M or more P 40 M or more but less than P 50M Third P 30 M or more but less than P40M P 20 M or more but less than P30M P 10 M or more but less than P20M Below P 10 (Based on Department of Finance Department Order No.20- 05 Effective July 29, 2005)
- 43. Changing city status • Most cities in the Philippines have essentially remained in their status since their charters were first given to them. However, a city's classification can be upgraded or downgraded depending on the wishes of the residents and/or leaders of the city