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Metric system
- 1. THE METRIC SYSTEM!! The universal language of science
- 2. What is the difference between metric and standard (English) System of measure? The English system uses a base 12 to make conversions and gets very complicated The Metric system uses a base 10 (just like the fingers on your hand) to make conversions and is VERY easy
- 3. Don’t most countries use the English system? No…in fact, beside the United Sates, the only other country that uses the English system is……………. (Take a guess)
- 4. You Guessed it….. Myanmar , officially the Union of Myanmar is the largest country in geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia . Also known as Burma or the Union of Burma
- 5. Why does the United States still use the English system? Convenience? Maybe we just don’t want to change because we would have to learn some new stuff Cost? It would cost a lot of money: Think about roadsigns, containers, cars, foods, etc Probably a little of both…but in this class, the English system of measure does not exist
- 6. OK…Here we go This is a much easier way to do calculations, and make conversions: Try these 2 calculations one in the English system and one in metric Convert 7,899 inches to miles Convert 7,899 centimeters into kilometers
- 7. First the English measure 7,899 inches/12inches in a foot 658.25 feet • 658.25 feet/5,280 feet in a mile .12466856060 of a mile • All that just to make 2 conversions???? NO Thanks! Pain in the BOOTY
- 8. Now the Metric method 7,899 centimeters to kilometers…that’s 5 conversions!!!! Holy Cow! Ready? Go… Move the decimal 5 places to the left. That’s it. .07899 kilometers I’m a cow, and I can do THAAAAT
- 9. Start with base units Base units are what we multiply by the prefix to arrive at a new quantity. It doesn’t matter what it is…just apply the prefix to the base unit. Here are some common base units
- 10. Mass Grams-How much is a gram? About a penny. How many grams in an ounce? Who cares…we don’t use English units
- 11. Volume 2 ways to do this Liters-usually liquid or gas containers Meters cubed: B X H X W = M3
- 12. Length Meters: This is about as far apart ( a little more) as you would hold your hands for a yard.
- 13. Temperature Celsius, or Centigrade: How do you covert Farenheit to Celsius? 1st subtract 32 from the Farenheit number Then divide by 9 Then multiply by 5 Isn’t that fun???? Really, who cares? 98.6°F is roughly equal to 37°C
- 14. Why don’t we just use Farenheit? Are you kidding? How do you covert Farenheit to Celsius? 1st subtract 32 from the Farenheit number Then divide by 9 Then multiply by 5 Isn’t that fun???? Really, who cares? 98.6°F is roughly equal to 37°C
- 15. Prefixes Now that we have the base units, we need to know what to do with them. In the metric system, we add a prefix to a base and multiply the number represented by the prefix by one base unit… Here we go
- 16. Prefix names and numeric meanings Here are some fun ones Yotta- Y 10 24 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Zetta- Z 10 21 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Exa- E 10 18 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 Peta- P 10 15 1 000 000 000 000 000 Tera- T 10 12 1 000 000 000 000 Giga- G 10 9 1 000 000 000 Mega- M 10 6 1 000 000 myria- my 10 4 10 000 (this is now obsolete) This is making me Dog-gone mad
- 17. More useful prefixes kilo- k 10 3 1000 hecto- h 10 2 100 deka- D 101 10 Unit ? 100 1 deci- d 10 -1 0.1 centi- c 10 -2 0.01 milli- m 10 -3 0.001 micro- mu 10 -6 0.000 001 nano- n 10 -9 0.000 000 001 I’m catching on
- 18. Sigh…Don’t these people have something better to do with their time? pico- p 10 -12 0.000 000 000 001 femto- f 10 -15 0.000 000 000 000 001 atto- a 10 -18 0.000 000 000 000 000 001 zepto- z 10 -21 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 001 yocto- y 10 -24 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001
- 19. The good news You only need to know the prefixes in the middle k h da u d c m mu n
- 20. Putting it together Add the prefix to the base: Example how many grams is 25 kG Kilo is 1000 25 is 25 (duh) So this is 25,000 grams Would this number be the same if the base was chocolate chip cookies????????
- 21. Conversions Since everything is base 10, all you have to do is move the decimal: Convert 3899 mL to L Look at the khdaUdcm prefix scale and move the decimal the same direction as the prefix Since we are moving from milli to unit, move the decimal 3 spaces to the left: 3.899 L
- 22. Practice Convert 1) 23 mG to dG 2) 45 daL to mL 3) 9966 mM to kM
- 23. Answers 1) 23 mG = .23 dG 2) 45 daL = 450000 mL 3) 9966 mM = .009966 kM
- 24. Don’t tell me…Temperature? Fraid so- Fahrenheit is an outdated and pretty useless scale for measuring temperature. This silly temperature scale was named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686 ﾐ 1736) There are conflicting stories as to how he arrived at this scale, but it is obsolete today
- 25. Celsius In Science and really in the rest of the world we use the Celsius scale, named after Anders Celsius (1701-1744). THIS is based on the melting and boiling points of water: 0 degrees and 100 degrees…Unfortunately these temperatures can be expressed as negatives which makes them difficult to do calculations with, sooooo……
- 26. Kelvin Scale The Kelvin scale is more useful in science because there are no negative temperatures. This is based on the absolute zero concept. That is the temperature at which all molecular motion stops. This is 273.15 ° below zero Celsius. That is cold!!! This ais about 460 degrees below zero Farenheit
- 27. Wa-Hoooooooo! I am a Metric-Maniac!!!!!!