Motion, speed, velocity, acceleration its differemces
- 2. Motion
- 3. Motion can be described as a change in position. Examples of motion If a person is running. When a rocket takes off A car that is moving fast or slow. The boat is rocking back and forth which causes motion.
- 4. Reference Point • is something that is stationary. An object that appears to stay in place compared to a moving object. This allows you to tell that the object is in motion. Motion Reference point
- 6. Distance vs. Displacement Distance and displacement are different. Distance How far an object moves in total. Displacement The distance and direction an object moves from a starting position.
- 7. Distance • a scalar quantity that refers to the actual length of path travelled by an object to its final position.
- 8. Displacement • – is a vector quantity that refers to the straight line distance between the initial and final position.
- 9. Distance vs. Displacement Jeffrey, my distance was 176 meters! But Billy, your displacement was 1 meter! END B E G I N
- 10. Distance= 3km Displacement = 1km Nisha walks from their home to Sneha home then she continues to walks goes to school. What does the distance she travels? What is the Displacement? Example
- 11. Distance = 4m + 3m = 7 m Displacement = Final position (point C) Initial position (point A) Displacement = 5m The boy travel using his bike from point A to B is equal to 4 m, then he travels from point B to point C is equal to 3m. Find the total distance that he travels to reach point C? Example
- 12. Displacement vs. Distance • An athlete runs around a track that is 700 meters long, then stops. – What is the athlete’s distance and displacement? • Distance = 700 m • Displacement = 0 m • Why?
- 13. Distance and Displacement 1. Pat walked from home to school, then after he finish school, he went to park from school. What is his total distance? What is the displacement from home to park? Distance = 5km + 3km = 8km Displacement = 2km
- 14. 2. Jc loves to travel, he walks 3m from point A to destination B and then 4m from destination B to destination C.What is the total distance he travelled from point A to destination C? What is the displacement? Distance = 3m + 4m = 7m Displacement = 5m
- 15. Scramble me and rearrange me! Directions: Guess the word of each given that will be flashed on the screen.
- 16. 1.PSEED SPEED
- 18. 3.METI TIME
- 19. 4.ERMSTE METERS
- 21. Speed Speed is measured as the ratio of distance to the time in which the distance was covered. Scalar Quantity(magnitude, No direction)
- 22. To calculate speed: Speed = Distance S = d ------------ ------ Time t SI unit Speed= ms Distance= m, km , cm, mi Time= s, min , h
- 23. SPEED
- 24. • Average speed is the average rate of movement during the entire travel time throughout the entire distance travelled. • Instantaneous speed is the speed at a particular time or instant during the travel.
- 25. Example 1 Mrs. Peret, the fastest female sprinter in Southeast Asia, can run a 200-m distance course in 24.42 seconds. What is Mrs. Peret’s speed? Given: Required: d= 200 m s=? t= 24.42 s Solution: s= d/t s= 200m/24.42s s= 8.19 m/s
- 26. Example 2 2. A football field is about 100 m long. If it takes a person 20 seconds to run its length, how fast (what speed) were they running?
- 27. Distance formula Distance = speed x time D = s x t SI unit Distance = m , cm , km ,mi Speed = m/ s, km/ h Time = s, min, h
- 28. Example 1 1. What distance does a bike cover if it travels at a speed of 7 meters per second for 50 seconds? (DISTANCE )
- 29. Example 2 2. A train leaves from a station and moves at a speed of 60 ms at 2 s. What is the ask? (DISTANCE )
- 30. Time formula Time = Distance T= D ------- ------ Speed S SI unit Time = s, min, h Distance = m , cm , km ,mi Speed = m/ s, km/ h
- 31. Example 1 1. How long does it take for a car to travel 34 miles at a speed of 68 miles per hour. (TIME)
- 32. Example 2 2. Every summer I drive to Milan. It is 895 km to get there. If I average 100 km/ hr. How much time will I spend driving? (TIME)
- 33. Velocity refers to how fast an object is moving and to which direction. It is a vector quantity having both magnitude and direction As a rate of change or displacement. Example:km/h, SE 90km/h, North of Aurora
- 34. SI UNIT OF VELOCITY ms, north Kmh , south Mph ,west
- 35. Instantaneous velocity - is defined as the same as instantaneous speed, it is the velocity of an object at a particular instant during its motion. It is instantaneous speed with direction. Average velocity is defined as the change in position or displacement divided by the time intervals in which the displacement occurs.
- 36. Example Kevin drove to the city to pick up a friend. He went 2000 km east in about 10 hours. Calculate his velocity. Given: d= 2000 km, east Required: T= 10 hours v=? V=? Solution: V=d/t int V= 2000km,E / 10 hr V= 200km/hr, E
- 37. Example • Leo drives along Vergara highway for almost 4 h with a displacement of 16 km north . What is Leo’s velocity?.
- 38. Acceleration – is defined as the rate of change of velocity with time and is usually measured in meters per second squared(m/s2 ). Acceleration is defined as the rate of change in velocity of a moving object per unit of time.
- 39. Acceleration Acceleration measures how much an object’s speed changes over a certain time. Objects can speed up, slow down or change direction. Acceleration can be: A change in speed A change in direction A change in speed & direction
- 40. Negative Acceleration Positive Acceleration Object speeds up Object slows down Zero Acceleration Constant or no speed Acceleration can be positive, negative or zero.
- 42. Formula in getting the acceleration Vf - Vi a= t Where; a – acceleration vf – final velocity vi – initial velocity t – time
- 43. Formula for acceleration: acceleration = change in velocity time Velocity: meters per seconds (m/s) Time: seconds (s) Acceleration: meters per second squared (m/s2 ) a = Vfinal - Vinitial t
- 44. Example A bike accelerates from 3 m/s to 5 m/s in 5 s. What is its acceleration? Given: vf = 5m/s vi = 3m/s t = 5s a =? Vf - Vi a= t 5m/s – 3m/s a= 5s 2m/s a= 5s Answer: 0.4m/s2
- 45. Example • A motorcycle’s velocity at the top of the hill is 11.0 m/s. 4.0 seconds later it reaches the bottom of the hill with a velocity of 20.0 m/s. What is the acceleration of the motorcycle?
- 46. Example • What is the acceleration of a van that goes from rest to 26.8 m/s in 2 seconds?
- 47. Example A roller coaster starts down a hill at 10 m/s. Three seconds later, its speed is 32 m/s. What is the roller coaster’s acceleration? • GIVEN: vi = 10 m/s t = 3 s vf = 32 m/s a = ? a = (vf - vi) ÷ t a = (32m/s - 10m/s) ÷ (3s) a = 22 m/s ÷ 3 s a = 7.3 m/s2
- 48. Thank you!