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Muscular system 2
- 1. Macroanatomy of the Muscular System EHS unit 3 day 2
- 2. Goals • Describe the anatomy of muscles in the body. • Analyze muscle tone, contraction (on a macro level) and muscle naming.
- 3. Review from yesterday… • Muscle cells are called ________ and contain myofibrils called _______ and _______ that create contractions. • 3 electrolytes (ions) that are important in muscle reaction?? • Muscle fatigue occurs when???
- 4. Putting it all together… • Each skeletal muscle has many, many X100 Myocytes (each filled with myofibrils). – Many Myocytes are bound together in fasciae. Each bundle is called a fascicle. – The middle of the muscle is called the belly. – Each end is anchored to bone by tendons. – Many fascicles are bound together by more connective tissue to create our muscles.
- 6. Muscle Tone • This is the passive, partial contraction of the muscles to resist stretching. – Help maintain posture. – Declines during REM sleep
- 7. All or None Rule • This is the principle or fact that each myofiber can either fully contract or not contract. There is no partial contractions. – Effort is regulated by HOW MANY of the fibers are excited to contract.
- 8. Muscles doing their Jobs • A Prime Mover is the main muscle that performs a particular movement. – The antagonist is what does the opposite of the prime mover. – Muscles that work with the prime mover to refine a movement are called synergists.
- 9. Analyzing Muscle Movements • When we discuss the prime overs, – We label the point of INSERTION (attachment to the bone that moves – We label the point of ORIGIN (attachment to the bone that is static) • The job title of a muscle may vary depending on the movement: – Ex: may be prime mover for one motion, synergist for the next, and antagonist in the next.
- 10. Naming Muscles • Muscle names can be long and confusing. But, general rules apply. – Muscles are named for: • Location • Size • Shape • Direction of fibers • Number or origins • Location of attachment points. • Action