Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in Mvezo, South Africa, served as the country's first Black president from May 10, 1994, to June 14, 1999, and is celebrated as a pivotal leader in the fight against apartheid. He became a prominent figure in the African National Congress (ANC) and was imprisoned for 27 years due to his anti-apartheid activities before his release in 1990, leading to the eventual dismantling of apartheid. Mandela's efforts earned him numerous accolades, including the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 and the establishment of Nelson Mandela International Day on his birthday.