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- 2. 2 TOPIC: SCIENCE LABORATORIES Submitted to, Submitted by, Reshma Thulsi Vini Wilson Assistant Professor In Natural Science Natural Science Submitted On 3/08/2015 INDEX
- 3. 3 Sl no. CONTENT PAGE NO. 1 INTRODUCTION 4 2 SCIENCE LABORATORIES 4-5 3 SIGNIFICANCE OF SCIENCE LABORATORIES 5-6 4 ORGANIZATION 7 5 CONCLUSION 8 6 REFERENCES 9 INTRODUCTION
- 4. 4 A laboratory is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories used for scientific researchtake many forms because of the differing requirements of specialists in the various fields of science. A biologist might use a wet laboratory, while a psychologist's laboratory might be a room with one-way mirrors and hidden cameras in which to observe behavior. In some laboratories, such as those commonly used by computer scientists, computers are used for either simulations or the analysis of data collected elsewhere. Scientists in other fields will use still other types of laboratories. Engineers use laboratories as well to design, build, and test technological devices. Scientific laboratories can be found in schools and universities, in industry, in government or military facilities, and even aboard ships and spacecraft. Laboratory equipment refers to the various tools and equipment used by scientists working in a laboratory. These include tools such as Bunsen burners, and microscopes as well as specialty equipment such as operant conditioning chambers, spectrophotometers and calorimeters. Another important type of laboratory equipment is laboratory glassware such as the beaker or reagent bottle, or even a thermometer. Laboratory equipment is generally used to either perform an experiment or to take measurements and gather data. Larger or more sophisticated equipment is generally called a scientific instrument. Both laboratory equipment and scientific instruments are increasingly being designed and shared using open hardware principles. Open source labs use open source scientific hardware. SCIENCE LABORATORY Science is a practical subject, teaching of which cannot be done properly only in theory form. For proper education of science, it is necessary to conduct various kinds of experimental works, which are practical in nature. These practical functions cannot be carrying out in absence of scientific apparatus and equipments. The place where various kinds of scientific apparatus and equipments are arranged in systematic manner is called science laboratory. Science laboratory is central to scientific instructions and it forms essential component of science education. It is in this place that various kinds of practical works are carry out by the
- 5. 5 students. Without proper and well- equipped science laboratory, it is not possible to carry out the science teaching process effectively in any school or educational institution. Students learn to handle various apparatus and to think independently in the laboratory, because of which it is considered to be one of an important place. When students carry out various kinds of experiments, then they draw conclusions from their studies, which raise their level of self confidence and develop scientific attitude among them. These are considered to be main objectives of science teaching, for which it is considered by experts that without a well equipped and organized scientific laboratory, there cannot be any proper teaching of science. Students should be encouraged by the science teacher to make active parts in various experimental processes, as most of the achievements of modern science are due to the application of experimental methods. If students get information or knowledgeby playing active role in learning process then they gets permanent kind of information, because of which at schoolstage, practical work is considered to be more important for the students. Although it has proven by the above discussion thatscience laboratories play very important functions, for which they are considered to be much important. SIGNIFICANCE OF SCIENCE LABORATORIES There are countless reasons why schools should provide their students with innovative science lab equipment. After all, almost every part of their lives is or has been affected by science. From the local weather to the food they eat, it plays a role. When school labs are not outfitted with up-to-date materials, supplies, and equipment, it will adversely affect the progress of scientific advances yet to come. The advances in medicine and technology would not be possiblewithout the brilliant and dedicated scientists and researchers. Many of them developed their lifelong interest in the field as soon as they performed their first experiment in the lab of their school. Importance of science laboratories can be explained in the following points: 1. In laboratory, it is possible to keep various scientific instruments and chemicals in safe and secure conditions, as without them, it is not possible to carry out any kind of experiment in any way.
- 6. 6 2. If there is proper of well equipped and properly arranged laboratory in the school, then students will get encouraged by it to take active part in the experimental processes as in such kind of laboratory, a congenial kind of atmosphere exist, which promote the interest of students in practical works. 3. With the help of well equipped and organized laboratory, science teacher will get help in developing the scientific attitudes among the students to considerable extent 4. All the students have to carry out experiments collectively in the laboratory as often there is shortage of such facilities in schools. With such functions, spirit of co-operation and team work gets developed among the students and they begin to appreciate the work done by others. Not only this, through this, they also begin to appreciate the views and ideas of others, which help them in becoming successful in future life. 5. When students themselves get the opportunity to take part in experimental processes, then their area of experiences get widen and their level of intuitiveness 6. also get developed, as a result of which, they become people with wide mentality and open-mindedness. Science lab equipment allows students to interact directly with the data gathered. They get a first-hand learning experience by performing various experiments on their own. Students are made to use the models and understand different scientific theories and concepts. It is also found that school science lab equipment and supplies make teaching and learning easy both for the teachers, as well as for the students. ORGANIZATION Research costs money. Lots of it. The costs can range from a million-dollar piece of state-of-the-art equipment to a month’s worth of disposables, as well as your monthly stipend. There is also one large cost that often escapes notice: the cost of disorganization. We seldom count the aggregate price of redundantor late orders, the mess in the -
- 7. 7 80°C fridge, haphazardly planned experiments that waste expensive materials, or the frequent loss of time looking for a compound on the shelf. All of this adds up to squandered grant money and longer lead times to publication and graduation. An efficient lab does not just keep benches clean and tidy. It also establishes healthy habits, sets practical rules for cataloging and ordering materials, schedules activities (cleaning duties, equipment maintenance and even a day off to have fun together), and enforces professional conduct related to experimentation. Starting with a Smart Bench i.e., many say that a messy bench is a sign of a busy scientist at work. While that can be true, a smartly organized working bench can make your work experience more pleasant, less error-prone, and much more time efficient. Yes, doing so will require time and energy to analyze your uniqueworking style and environment as well as to learn how to stay organized over the course of the week. Seven organizing tips: 1. Keep all your pipettes and tools on the side of your dominant hand. 2. Place the trash bin on the same side. 3. Set common solutions at the other side of the bench. 4. Stow stock solutions and less commonly used solutions or devices on the upper shelves. 5. Keep a minimal set of stands and tip boxes piled at the center and back area of the bench to maintain a centralized empty space. 6. Lay your lab notebook as far as possible from the experimentation area and potential chemical spills. 7. Retain your own scissors, labeling tape, paraffin, Kim wipes, as well as a marker. This eliminates the most frequent walks around the lab and encourages good labeling habits at the bench. CONCLUSION
- 8. 8 I have attempted in this paper to take a critical look at the traditional importance usually associated with the use of laboratory work in science teaching. It is imperative for schools to have the latest and high quality science lab supplies these days. Science is different from any other subject. In order to understand its concepts, one has to look beyond the books and conventional classroom teaching. Effective teaching and learning of science involves seeing, handling, and manipulating real objects and materials. The knowledge that kids attain in classrooms would be ineffectual unless they actually observe the process and understand the relationship between action and reaction. Effective teaching and learning of science involves a perpetual state of show and tell. Good schools combine classroom teaching with laboratory experiments to ensure that their students grasp each and every concept thoroughly. It is also believed that laboratory teaching and experiments that are being conducted there help encourage deep understanding in children. Children are able to retain the knowledge for longer when they see the experiments being performed in front of their eyes. REFERENCES I did this work with the help of:
- 9. 9 Wikipedia http://science lab/significance.com Checkedand corrected by RESHMA THULASI TL ASSISSTANT PROFESSOR IN NATURAL SCIENCE FMTC MYLAPORE KOLLAM