The document defines and provides examples of set operations including union, intersection, difference, complement, and symmetric difference. The union of two sets contains all elements that are in set A, B, or both. The intersection contains elements that are only in both sets. The difference contains elements of set A that are not in set B. The complement contains all elements of the universal set that are not in the given set. The symmetric difference contains elements that are in set A or B but not in both.