PACKING MATERIALS FOR VEGETABLES & FRUITS
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The document discusses various packing materials for fruits and vegetables, highlighting the role of packaging in preservation and transportation. It categorizes packing materials into consumer/retail and transport/bulk packs, detailing types such as flexible plastic films, trays, plastic punnet, net bags, and more. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate materials to enhance freshness, prevent damage, and facilitate distribution.
PACKING MATERIALS FOR VEGETABLES & FRUITS
- 1. PACKING MATERIALS FOR VEGETABLES & FRUITS Submitted by MOHAMMED ANFAS K T [email protected] https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohd-anfas-5409431a0
- 2. PACKING/PACKAGING Packing of fruits and vegetables and also their processed products plays a vital role in day to day life. Packaging can be defined as;” Techno-economic” function arrived at minimizing cost of delivery while maximizing sales Packaging plays a vital role in the conservation, preservation and transport.
- 3. IMPORTANCE OF PACKING Food packaging is an integral part of food processing and it is link between food processor and consumer. Packaging protects the contents against dehydration, oxidation, light, flavour loss,environmental factors and mechanical damage. It serves as a processing aid. Package is a convenience item for the consumer, can also be cost saving device. Package provides handling facilities for loading, transport, storage for long for both the processor and consumer.
- 4. PACKING MATERIALS FOR FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES The packages for fresh fruits and vegetables can be classified as (1)Consumer/Retail packs and (2) Transport/Bulk packs.
- 5. FLEXIBLE PLASTIC FILMS Different types of flexible plastic films LDPE (low density poly ethylene), PVC (poly vinyle chloride), PP (poly propylene) and cellulose acetate films are used for packing. These films are mostly used as pouches with holes punched at regular intervals to allow respiration. They are available in wide range of thickness and grades and can be used to control the environmental gases inside the pouch. LDPE is the most widely used material
- 7. TRAY WITH OVER WRAP The trays used are usually made of moulded pulp tray or plastic material like PVC and PP. The produce is placed in individual cavities so that abrasion and bruising is avoided during transportation. The trays also provide cushioning effect to the produce. The over wrap film is a transparent see through food grade, odourless plastic film with the property of clinging to the product packed when stretch wrapped. This film can be applied without application of heat. This film is usually made of LDPE or PVC. The films are semi-permiable and allow exchange of gases for respiration of the product.
- 8. TRAY WITH OVER WRAP
- 9. PLASTIC PUNNET These are strong, versatile. clear, bright containers which offer product visibility and are provided with holes for ventilation, which keeps the produce fresh. These containers are food grade, odourless.light weight, stackable and recyclable and give good presentation. These are either made of PET (poly ethylene terephthalate), PVC or PP.
- 10. PLASTIC PUNNET
- 11. PLASTIC NET BAGS The plastic net bags have the feature to stretch and accommodate all sizes and shapes of produce. These bags are available in roll form or in precut lengths with the stretch width of 200mm – 400mm. By allowing air to circulate in and around the produce; the net bags prolong the freshness and shelf life of the product. These also eliminate pack condensation there by preventing spoilage and wastage. They make a colourfull point of sale display allowing clear visibility of the contents, enhancing the natural colours of fresh produce. These are generally made of HDPE or PA (poly amide).
- 12. PLASTIC NET BAGS
- 13. FOAM SLEEVE This is a plastic tubular film made of polyethylene foam available in different colours, diameters and lengths. It can be easily slipped over the individual fruits in a snug fit form. It provides a cushioning effect and protects the fresh produce against abrasion and scratches during transport. It is hygienic,non-toxic and odourless.
- 14. FOAM SLEEVE
- 15. SHRINK FILM WRAPS Films such as Polypropelene, polysterine, Polyetheylene and rubber hydrochloride can be converted into shrink films by molecular orientation methods. After the shrink film is applied to the filled trays or in tubular or heatsealed wrap form, the packages are sent through a heat tunnel to shrink the film cover. This immobilizes the commodity to reduce the possibility of physical damage during handling.
- 17. TRANSPORT/BULK PACK Transport or bulk packages are designed for lon distance transportation in capacities ranging from 4-5 kg to 20-25 kg. These packs must withstand impacts, compression and vibration during transport. Packaging material for transport or bulk packing can be broadly categorized as rigid containers made of wood (wooden crates), corrugated fiber board boxes, plastic crates and flexible containers such as sacks made of plastic. Along with these materials some traditional materials used are jute (jute sacks) and baskets made of woven strips of leaves, bamboo, plastic etc.
- 18. NATURAL MATERIALS Baskets and other traditional containers made from bamboo, rattan, straw, palmleaves, etc.,are used throughout the developing world. Both raw materials and labour costs are normally low, and if the containers are well made they can be reused. Dis- advantages: 1) They are difficult to clean when contaminated with decay organisms. 2) They lack rigidity and bend out of shape when stacked for long distance transport. 3) They load badly because of their shape 4) They cause pressure damage when tightly filled. 5) They often have sharp edges or splinters causing cut and puncture damage.
- 20. WOODEN BOX/CRATES The conventional baskets have been replaced by wooden boxes as they give better protection to the fresh produce against transportation hazards. They have high puncture resistance, good tensile strength. Wooden boxes are rigid and reusable and if made to a standard size, stack well on trucks. However, the use of wooden boxes is discouraged now a days as it promotes deforestation.
- 22. CARD BOARD/CORRUGATED FIBRE BOARD BOX Containers are made from solid or corrugated card board. The types closing with either fold over or telescopic (separate) tops are called boxes or cases. Shallower and open topped ones are called trays. Boxes are supplied in collapsed fore that is flat and are set up by the user. The setting up and closing of boxes requires tapping, gluing, stapling or the fixing interlocking tabs. Are used for tomato, cucumber, and ginger transport. They are easy to handle, light weight, come in different sizes, designs and strengths and come in a variety of colours that can make produce more attractive to consumers
- 24. MOULDED PLASTIC CRATES Re-usable boxes moulded from high density polythene are widely used for transporting produce. They can be made to almost any specifications .They are strong, rigid, smooth ,easily cleaned and can be made to stack when full of produce and nest when empty in order to conserve space. Dis-advantages: 1) They can be produced economically only in large numbers but are still costly. 2) They have to be imported into most developing countries, adding to the cost and usually requiring foreign currency for their acquisition 3) They often have many alternative uses (as wash tubs) and are subject to high pilferage rates. 4) They require a tight organization and control for use in a regular go and return service 5) They deteriorate rapidly when exposed to sunlight (especially in the tropics) unless treated with an ultraviolet inhibitor, a factor adding to the cost.
- 25. NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC FIBRE Sacks or bags for fresh produce can be made from natural fibres like jute or sisal or from synthetic polypropylene or polyethylene fibres or tapes. ‘Bags’ usually refers to small containers of up to about 5 kg capacity. They may be woven to a close texture or made in net form. Nets usually have a capacity of about 15kg. Bags or sacks are mostly used for less easily damaged produce such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, onions, but even these crops should have careful handling to prevent injury.
- 27. PAPER /PLASTIC FILM Paper or plastic film is often used to line packing boxes in order to reduce water loss of the contents or to prevent friction damage. Paper sacks can have walls up to six layers of Kraft (heavy wrapping) paper. They can have a capacity of about 25 kg and are mostly used for produce of relatively low value. Closure can be done by machine stitching across the top (recommended for large scale crop production) or in the field by twisting wire ties around the top by means of a simple tool.
- 29. THANK YOU Submitted by MOHAMMED ANFAS K T [email protected] https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohd-anfas-5409431a0