Parallel and perspective projection in 3 d cg

GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLGY
Department of Information Technology
Parallel and Perspective Projection in 3D
Group ID: IT_B2
Student Name(Enroll No): Shaishav Shah(170120116094)
Name of Faculty: Prof. Swapnil Panchal
Computer Graphics (2151603)

Contents
Overview of 3D Projection.
Types of 3D Projection.
Brief introduction to Parallel projection.
Introduction to Perspective Projection.
What is Vanishing point ??
Types of Perspective Projection.
References.
Conclusion.

Overview of 3D Projection:
Projection is a method of mapping a 3 dimensional object into a 2
dimensional view plane.
Mapping is determined by the projection line called Projector.

Types of 3D Projection:
Two types of projections are there.
 Those are Perspective projection and Parallel projection.
Projection Reference Point(PRP) or Center of Projection point
is a point, where projection lines converges.

Brief introduction to Parallel projection:
In parallel projection, projection lines are parallel to each other.
Image on the view plane of the object will be equal size with the
object.

 Projection Reference Point(PRP) lies in infinite position.
Different types of parallel projection are given bellow:

Introduction to Perspective Projection:
Projection lines are drawn from the object point towards view plane.

 Image of the object in the view plane is smaller than the real object.
 PRP lies in finite position.
Realistic image relative proportion could not be preserved.
Commonly used by artists and the designers.

What is Vanishing Point:
Parallel lines that are not parallel to the viewing plane, converges to a
Vanishing Point.

Types of Perspective Projection:
Three types of Perspective Projection are there.
One Principal Vanishing Point Perspective Projection.
Two Principal Vanishing Point Perspective Projection.
Three Principal Vanishing Point Perspective Projection.

One Principal Vanishing Point Perspective
Projection:
This Perspective projection occurs when the projection plane intersect
to one of the Principal axis(x, y or z).

Example of one point vanishing:

Two Principal Vanishing Point Perspective
Projection:
This Perspective projection occurs when the projection plane
intersects exactly any two of the Principal axis(x, y or z).

Example of two point vanishing:

Three Principal Vanishing Point Perspective
Projection:
This Perspective projection occurs when the projection plane
intersects to all the three Principal axis(x, y and z).

References:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_projection
Google
Bibliography:
Computer Graphics, C Version ,Second Edition by- Donald D. Hearn,
M. Pauline Baker.

Conclusion:
“Clearly, if wed had the kind of computer graphics
capability then that we have now, the Star Gate sequence
would be much more complex than flat planes of light
and color.”
- Douglas Trumbull.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ebmwYqoUp44&t=125s

Parallel and perspective projection in 3 d cg

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