Pathfit-GROUP2.pptx.244h86rghhr45ihfeuuff
- 1. BODY MOVEMENTS AND ITS PART, BODY SHAPE AND SPATIAL AWARENESS, QUALITIES OF MOVEMENT Group 2 Cruz, Arjay S. Echanes, Alyssa Nicole T. Garcia, Angel Marie C. Paet, Mariel P. Rapisura, Antonette R. Riambon, Althea D. (LDR)
- 2. What is the Core? The core is the center of our body and it functions to stabilize the trunk while the arms and legs move during functional movements. When we view it this way, we see that the core actually includes: • Muscles that stabilize the hips. • The system of muscles that make up the torso (on the front, the sides, and the back of the body). • Muscles that stabilize the shoulders.
- 3. What is the Core?
- 4. Why should I strengthen my core? BALANCE AND STABILITY GOOD POSTURE A HEALTHY BACK SPORTS & OTHER PLEASURABLE ACTIVITIES EVERYDAY ACTS
- 5. Postural Development CORRECT POSTURE FAULTY POSTURE Position in which minimal stress is placed on each joint. • A stable psychological background. • Good hygienic condition. • Opportunity for plenty of natural free movement. Any position that increases stress in the joints. • Appearance of increased height (social stigma). • Respiratory conditions. • Developmental problems.
- 6. POSTURAL EXAMINATION LATERAL VIEWS POSTERIOR VIEWS ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR VIEWS The assessment of posture is in standing position. The whole posture is assessed from head to toes in different views. LATERAL VIEWS The examiner should first determine the patients body type. There are 3 body types:
- 7. Good Posture and Body Alignment
- 8. Good posture & better body alignment Perform postural correction exercises several times daily to attain and maintain better body alignment 1 2 You can combine 2-3 exercises at one time 3 Practice exercises anytime, anywhere, e.g. standing in line at the supermarket, after brushing your teeth or combing your hair, while talking on the telephone. 4 Use good posture when both seated and standing (reading, driving, waiting in line, etc.)
- 9. BODY SHAPE AND SPATIAL AWARENESS
- 10. THE THREE SOMATOTYPES •Body type or somatotype, refers to the idea that there are three generalized body compositions that people are predetermined to have. The concept was theorized by Dr. W. H. Sheldon back in the early 1940s, naming the three somatotypes endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph.
- 11. ENDOMORPH They usually have broad shoulders, narrow hips and shorter limbs. While they have larger muscle mass, they also have a higher fat percentage because they are predisposed to storing fat rather than building muscles. They store excess weight in their thighs, buttocks and hips giving them a pear-shaped appearance. The best way for an endomorph to lose weight is through a combination of healthy eating and regular exercise.
- 12. MESOMORPH • This body type is generally considered the ideal body type. Individuals usually look lighter and have a more rectangular bone structure, longer limbs, thinner bones and a flatter ribcage. A mesomorph has a natural tendency to stay fit and achieve muscle mass very easily. • They have more muscle than fat on their bodies and are not overweight or underweight.
- 13. ECTOMORPH • This body type is thin, usually tall, and lanky. Individuals with a sturdy, rounder bone structure have wider hips, stocky limbs and barrel-shaped rib cages. • They struggle to gain weight no matter how many carbs or how much fat they eat. • They usually have a lean build with long limbs and small muscles. • To gain weight naturally, they must load up on carbs and foods full of calories. • Fashion models and basketball players fit this category.
- 15. FLEXION AND EXTENSION • Flexion- refers to a movement that decreases the angle between two body parts. • Extension- refers to a movement that increases the angle between two body parts.
- 16. ABDUCTION AND ADDUCTION • Abduction- is a movement away from the midline- just as abducting someone is to take them away. • Adduction- is a movement towards the midline.
- 17. MEDIAL AND LATERAL • Medial rotation- is a rotational movement towards the midline. It is sometimes referred to as internal rotation. • Lateral rotation- is a rotating movement away from the midline.
- 18. ELEVATION AND DEPRESSION • Elevation- refers to movement in a superior direction (e.g. shoulder shrug) • Depression- refers to movement in an inferior direction.
- 19. SUPINATION AND PRONATION • Supination- this is easily confused with medial and lateral rotation, but the differences is subtle. With your hand resting on a table in front of you, and keeping your shoulder and elbow still, turn your hand onto its back, palm up. This is the supine position
- 20. SUPINATION AND PRONATION • Pronation- Keeping your elbow and shoulder still, flip your hand onto its front, palm down. This is the prone position
- 21. DORSIFLEXION & PLANTAR FLEXION • Dorsiflexion- refers to flexion at the ankle, so that the floor prints more superiorly. • Plantar flexion- refers extension at the ankle, so that the foot points inferiorly.
- 22. INVERSION AND EVERSION • Inversion- involves the movement of the sole towards the median plane. • Eversion- involves the movement of the sole away from the median plane.
- 23. OPPOSITION AND REPOSITION • Opposition- brings the thumb and little finger together. • Reposition- is a movement that moves the thumb away from each other.
- 24. PROTRACTION & RETRACTION • Protraction- describes the anterolateral movement of the scapula on the thoracic wall that allows the shoulder to move anteriorly. • Retraction- refers to posteromedial movement of the scapula on the thoracic wall, which causes the shoulder region to move posteriorly.
- 25. ROTATION & CIRCUMDUCTION • Rotation is when a limb moves around its long axis, turning like a screw. • Circumduction is when you move an area of the body in a circle through the combination of different anatomical movements.
- 26. IPSILATERAL & CONTRALATERAL IPSILATERAL CONTRALATERAL • Ipsilateral- on the same side of the body; the right arm and the right leg are ipsilateral. • Contralateral- on the opposite side of the body; the right arm and the left leg are contralateral.
- 27. REGRESSION-PROGRESSION REGRESSION PROGRESSION -an approach to decrease the demand of an exercise or movement. -does the opposite by increasing the demand incrementally through minor changes. REGRESSION
- 28. 5 VARIABLE THAT INFLUENCE MICRO CHANGES Adjusting load can be done across most modalities. INTENSITY/LOAD RANGE HEIGHT SPEED BODY POSITION Controlling range of motion is the easiest change to be made when needed during a working exercise set. The context generally is relative to the height from the floor. Having a client slow the speed of the implement down puts the muscle under tension for a longer period of time It’s just a matter of changing position as it relates to gravity or direction of resistance, or both.
- 29. EXAMPLES OF BASIC MOVEMENTS THAT ARE REGRESSED OR PROGRESSED Regressions: Hands on a bench or knees on the floor Progression: Elevate feet onto 6 inch box HIP EXTENSION STANDING SCAPTION PUSH UP Regression: Stand more upright Progression: Greater flexion at the hip Regression: Assuming the normal position. Progression: Increase distance between hands and knees (move toward push-up position)
- 31. Non-locomotor or stabilization skills - are controlled bodily movements that are performed from a relatively stable base of support.
- 33. •Movements encompass various qualities that contribute to overall fitness, skill development, and performance. These qualities are often targeted through specific exercises, drills, and activities designed to improve overall physical fitness, enhance performance, and reduce the risk of injury. Varied training routines incorporating these qualities help in achieving a well-rounded level of fitness and athleticism. 33
- 34. •Flexibility - the ability to move joints through a full range of motion. It's crucial for injury prevention and optimal performance in various activities. •Strength - the capacity of muscles to exert force against resistance. It's essential for overall body function, stability, and athletic performance. 34
- 35. •Endurance - the ability to sustain physical activity over an extended period. It can be cardiovascular endurance (related to the heart and lungs) or muscular endurance (ability of muscles to perform repetitive contractions). •Balance - the ability to maintain equilibrium while stationary or moving. It's crucial for stability and coordination in different activities and sports. 35
- 36. •Coordination - the integration of multiple senses and body parts to execute movements smoothly and efficiently. It involves timing, rhythm, and control. •Agility - the ability to change direction quickly and efficiently while maintaining control and balance. It's vital in sports requiring rapid movements and quick changes in direction. 36
- 37. •Speed - the rate at which a person can move or cover a distance in a specific amount of time. Speed is essential in many sports and activities. •Power - the ability to exert maximum force in the shortest time possible. It combines strength and speed and is crucial for explosive movements like jumping or throwing. 37
- 38. •Accuracy - The precision and control in executing movements or actions. It's important in various sports and activities where precision is required. 38
- 39. EXERCISES
- 40. DEADBUG SERIES
- 41. HIP BRIDGE
- 42. PRESS UP
- 43. DOWNWARD DOG
- 44. SQUAT SERIES
- 45. BIRD DOG SERIES
Editor's Notes
- #8: Distribute weight bearing forces throughout the skeleton more correctly Stimulate the growth and maintenance of stronger, healthier, more dense bones Reduce the risk of fracture, other injury or back pain Think of your body as a whole unit, extending from the bottom of your feet to the top of your head All parts of the body are inter-connected and need to be in good anatomical alignment for better health