Personality and ability
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The document discusses personality and ability. It defines personality as relatively stable characteristics that influence behavior consistently over time. It identifies eight major personality factors including neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, self-monitoring, risk-taking, and optimism. The document also defines ability as mental or physical capacity. It discusses different types of abilities such as cognitive ability, physical ability, motor skill, and emotional intelligence. Cognitive ability influences reasoning, decision making, and learning. Physical abilities include strength, flexibility, and stamina. Emotional intelligence refers to understanding one's own and others' emotions. The document emphasizes the importance of selection, placement, and training in managing abilities.
Personality and ability
- 1. Personality and Ability Dr. G C Mohanta, BE, MSc(Engg), MBA, PhD(Mgt) Professor
- 2. Personality Personality is relatively stable set of characteristics that influences an individual’s behavior and lend it consistency. Personality is sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to & interacts with others Personality is measurable traits that a person exhibits, such as, shy, aggressive, submissive, lazy, ambitious, loyal and timid Personality is a collection of emotional thought and behavioral patterns unique to a person that is consistent over time.
- 3. Eight Major Personality Factors & Traits 1. Neuroticism (reflects emotional instability versus emotional stability) 2. Extraversion (high on sociability, talkativeness, energy and assertiveness) 3. Openness (capacity to entertain different and non- customary ideas and to change one's behaviour accordingly) 4. Agreeableness (friendly and cooperative) 5. Conscientiousness (dependability and thoroughness) 6. Self-monitoring of behavior (adjusting how we appear to others) 7. Risk taking and thrill seeking (craving constant excitement) 8. Optimism (a tendency to experience positive states) All eight factors have substantial impact on job behavior and performance
- 4. 16 Ability Ability is the mental or physical capacity to do something. Types of ability Cognitive ability Physical ability Motor skill Physical skill Emotional intelligence
- 5. Cognitive Ability Synonymous with the general notion of intelligence, cognitive ability has been shown to influence: Reasoning Decision making Information processing capacity Learning Adaptability to change, particularly in novel or complex situations
- 6. Physical Abilities People’s capacities to engage in the physical tasks required to perform a job. Common types: Strength: The capacity to exert physical force against various objects. Flexibility: The capacity to move one’s body in an agile manner. Stamina: The capacity to endure physical activity over prolonged periods. Speed: The ability to move quickly.
- 7. Emotional Intelligence The ability to understand and manage one’s own feelings and emotions and the feelings and emotions of others. Emotional intelligence refers to qualities, such as, understanding one’s feelings, empathy for others and the regulation of emotion to enhance living. Emotional intelligence deals with ability to connect with people and understand their emotions: 1. Self-awareness 2. Self-management 3. Social awareness 4. Relationship management High emotional intelligence is associated with the ability to cope with job setbacks.
- 8. 8 Abilities Cognitive Intelligence: The ability to understand complex ideas, to adapt effectively to the environment, to learn from experience, to engage in various forms of reasoning, and to overcome obstacles by careful thought. Practical Intelligence: Adeptness at solving the practical problems of everyday life.
- 9. Successful Intelligence Intelligence that represents a good balance between cognitive intelligence (IQ), practical intelligence and creative intelligence.
- 10. Other Cognitive Abilities Perceptual Speed: The ability to quickly recognize similarities and differences in visual stimuli. Example: A designer recognizing irregular patterns in a fabric. Number Aptitude: The ability to work with numbers in a quick and accurate manner. Example: An accountant spotting an error in a financial report. Spatial Visualization: The ability to imagine how various objects will look when rotated or moved in space. Example: An architect planning a change in a building design.
- 11. Management of Ability Selection Identify tasks to be accomplished Identify abilities needed to accomplish tasks Develop accurate measures of abilities Placement Match workers to jobs to capitalize on their abilities Training