PLC stands for Programmable Logic Controller. Allen-Bradley (AB) is a brand of PLCs manufactured by Rockwell Automation. AB PLC models include the FlexLogix, MicroLogix, SLC 500, CompactLogix, ControlLogix, and GuardLogix. Common software used includes RSLogix 500, RSLogix 5000, Studio 5000, FactoryView, and RSView Studio. PLCs communicate using protocols like DH+, DH485, DeviceNet, ControlNet, and Ethernet. Protocols are distinguished based on factors such as the number of supported nodes, maximum network length, and communication speed.