Popliteal fossa
- 1. Popliteal Fossa BY MAZEN BIN KHALID ROLL NO : 88
- 2. Popliteal fossa • It is a shallow depression located at the back of knee joint • It corresponds to the cubital fossa of the forearm
- 3. Boundaries • Superolateral: Biceps femoris • Superomedial: 1. Semitendinosus 2. Semimembranosus 3. Gracilis 4. Adductor Magnus 5. Sartorius • Inferolateral: Gastrocnemius supplemented by Plantaris • Inferomedial: Medial head of gastrocnemius
- 4. CONTENTS 1. Popliteal artery and its branches 2. Popliteal vein and its branches 3. Tibial vein and its branches 4. The common peroneal nerve and its branches 5. The posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh 6. The genicular branch of the obturator nerve 7. The popliteal lymph nodes 8. Fat
- 6. Popliteal Artery • It is the continuation of popliteal artery • It begins at the beginning of the adductor magnus • It terminates by dividing into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries BRANCHES • Muscular branches • Genicular branches • Cutaneous branches
- 7. Clinical Aspects • Blood Pressure in Lower limb is recorded from Popliteal artery • Popliteal artery is fixed to the capsule of the knee joint by a fibrous band present just above the femoral condyles. This may be a source of continuous traction or stretching on the artery causing primary thrombosis. • It is more prone to aneurysm than any other arteries of the body
- 8. Tibial Nerve • Ventral divisions of ventral rami of L4, L5, S1, S2, S3. • This is the larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve. • It lies superficial or posterior to the popliteal vessels. BRANCHES • Three genicular branches • Cutaneous nerve or sural nerve • Muscular branches
- 9. Clinical Aspects Most of the muscular branches of tibial nerve arise from its lateral side except to medial head of gastrocnemius Damage to the tibial nerve causes motor and sensory loss a) Motor Loss: Superficial and deep muscles of calf and intrinsic muscles of sole b) Sensory loss: Loss of sensation on whole of sole of foot, plantar aspect of digits and nail beds on dorsum of foot.