The document discusses the properties of various materials including kerosene, lubricating oil, diesel oil, ethyl alcohol, and their common uses. It provides a table that compares the materials' odor, phase, viscosity, volatility, and flammability. The most viscous material is lubricating oil, which is commonly used to lubricate machines and protect metals from rusting. The most flammable materials are kerosene and ethyl alcohol, which are used as fuels or ingredients despite ethyl alcohol also being used as a disinfectant. Ethyl alcohol and lubricating oil have the strongest and weakest odors, respectively. Knowing the properties of these materials is important for awareness of their behavior, uses