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Refraction of light explained with examples.ppt
- 2. What is refraction? When light passes from one substance into another denser substance it changes direction. We call this change of direction the Refraction of light. Refraction occurs at the boundary between the substances. We call this boundary the INTERFACE.
- 4. Refraction through a glass block: Refraction through a glass block: Wave slows down and bends towards the normal due to entering a more dense medium Wave speeds up and bends away from the normal due to entering a less dense medium Wave slows down but is not bent, due to entering along the normal
- 5. Refraction through a glass block: Refraction through a glass block: Angle of incidence Angle of Refraction When Angle of incident is When Angle of incident is grater than Angle of grater than Angle of refraction, light ray bend refraction, light ray bend towards the normal. towards the normal. When Angle of incident is When Angle of incident is smaller that Angle of smaller that Angle of refraction, light ray bends refraction, light ray bends away from the normal. away from the normal.
- 7. Examples of Examples of Refraction Refraction Straw in Water: Appears bent at the water’s surface. Rainbows: Formed by dispersion of light in water droplets. Lenses: Convex lenses converge light; concave lenses diverge it due to refraction. Application of Application of Refraction Refraction Eyeglasses: Correct vision by refracting light properly onto the retina. Prisms: Separate white light into colors (dispersion). Microscopes/Cameras: Use lenses to focus light.
- 8. Dispersion of Light white light splits into its constituent colors (wavelengths) when passing through a refractive medium, such as a prism or water droplets. This occurs because different colors of light travel at different speeds in the medium, causing them to refract (bend) at different angles. A prism splits white light into a spectrum (VIBGYOR: Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red).
- 9. Formation of Rainbow Rainbows are formed due to dispersion of light in water droplets.
- 10. Quiz True/False Refraction can occur even if light enters along the normal. A prism can split white light into a spectrum of colors. Light always speeds up when it passes through a new substance. The boundary between two substances is called the interface. When the angle of incidence is smaller than the angle of refraction, light bends towards the normal.
- 11. Quiz True/False Refraction can occur even if light enters along the normal. T A prism can split white light into a spectrum of colors. T Light always speeds up when it passes through a new substance. F The boundary between two substances is called the interface. T When the angle of incidence is smaller than the angle of refraction, light bends towards the normal. F
- 12. Some Q&A’s 1. What is refraction of light? Refraction of light is the change in direction of light when it passes from one substance into another denser substance. 2. Where does refraction occur? Refraction occurs at the boundary between two substances. This boundary is called the interface. 3. What happens to light when it enters a denser medium? When light enters a denser medium, it slows down and bends towards the normal. 4. What happens to light when it enters a less dense medium? When light enters a less dense medium, it speeds up and bends away from the normal. 5. What happens if light enters along the normal? If light enters along the normal, it slows down (if entering a denser medium) or speeds up (if entering a less dense medium), but it does not bend. 6. What is the angle of incidence? The angle of incidence is the angle between the incoming light ray and the normal at the interface.
- 13. 7. What is the angle of refraction? The angle of refraction is the angle between the refracted light ray and the normal at the interface. 8. What happens when the angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction? When the angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction, the light ray bends towards the normal. 9. What happens when the angle of incidence is smaller than the angle of refraction? When the angle of incidence is smaller than the angle of refraction, the light ray bends away from the normal. 10. Why does white light split into its constituent colors when passing through a prism? White light splits into its constituent colors because different colors travel at different speeds in the prism, causing them to refract at different angles. 11. What is a spectrum? A spectrum is the band of colors formed when white light is split into its constituent colors (Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red— VIBGYOR) by a prism or other refractive medium.