Research-Extension-Farmer-Market Linkage
- 1. AEX 601 Advances in Agricultural Extension Kungumaselvan T I-Ph.D Agricultural Extension & Communication 2019607011 1
- 2. 1. Research-Extension-Farmer-Market Linkage • Need • Importance • Example 2. Market Led Extension • Need • Importance • Innovations in MLE 2 Synopsis
- 4. Need Research problems – not farmer centred Ineffective transfer of knowledge Low adoption of technology Low utilization of research for agri production system Small & marginal farmers were affected 4
- 5. Importance of REFM Linkage Farmers – ultimate beneficiaries Market profitability Feedback from the farmers Need & location specific recommendation Involvement in problem identification & adoption of technology 5
- 6. Study on existing R-E-F-M Linkage in Punjab - 2013 • Done by PAU – Dr. Manmeet and Dr. Ravinder • 700 farmers from 3 districts • Adopted and non-adopted villages of KVK were selected. • In all 3 districts – majority of the non- adopted villages had low linkage. 6
- 7. • An overall basis – farmers had low linkages in all the three districts. • 12.2 per cent in the adopted villages and 9.1 per cent of them in the non-adopted villages - medium linkages with the researchers, extensionists and market. 7
- 8. Reasons for low linkage • Researchers from PAU –research & teaching – not in extension activities. • Extension specialists –– due to teaching and partially involved in research mandates too. • Had contact with farmers coming for trainings, demonstrations and phone call. • Vacancy of ADO posts • Poor transport facilities • Target oriented subsidies 8
- 9. Recommendations • Participatory technology generation approach • Feedback • Strict monitoring and evaluation • Less wastage of resources • Concentration on marketing, processing, value addition 9
- 10. Market Led Extension MLE as a market ward orientation of agriculture through extension includes agriculture and economics and is the perfect blend for reaching at the door steps of farming community with the help of appropriate technology. (Khaleel, 2007) 10
- 11. Need for MLE 11 Conversion of agriculture production sector to profit- oriented business Food produce loss – 32% during 2009 due to lack of post-harvest management Minimization of production cost GDP loss - Existence of more middleman
- 12. 12 Importance of MLE Adequate supply of market information Establishing linkage b/w market and agro processing Direct marketing Training on post- harvest management Value addition
- 14. Kisan Mandi/Apni mandi • Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan • Direct contact between seller and buyer. • No middleman. • Price are considerably low. • Fruits and vegetables. 14
- 15. Hadaspar vegetables market • Direct marketing of vegetables. • Pune, Maharashtra • Maintained by Pune municipal corporation. • Market space is given in rent for farmers. • No commission agents. 15
- 16. Rythu Bazars • Andra pradesh • Fruits, vegetables and other essential food items. • Price of the produce is 20% less than other nearby markets. • 95 Rythu Bazars are operating in AP. • Maintained by APMC. 16
- 17. Shetkari Bazars • Maharashtra • Fruits and vegetables • No intermediaries • Facebook page 17
- 18. Krishak Bazars • Odisha • Empower farmer-producer and products at affordable price to the consumers. • Govt. provides 1 to 2 acres of land at suitable place free of cost for establishing the bazar. • Beneficiaries were allowed to use marketing facilities. 18
- 19. 19 Production based problems Seasonality No uniform supply Perishability Lack of storage Bulkiness Transport problem
- 20. 20 Non availability of market information Middleman existence is high Inability to attain export quality Market based problems
- 21. 21 Extension based problems Lack of communication skills Lack of credibility Less information sources
- 22. Role of extension agent in MLE 22 SWOT analysis Farmer Interest Groups Improving communication skills Establishing linkages for marketing and processing Consultation on product planning
- 23. • Farmers has to participate in problem identifying process to get appropriate technology. • Extension agents also updated in new innovations and information. • Researches has to create innovations based on farmer needs. • Good R-E-F linkage creates market profitability. 23 Conclusion
- 24. Reference • Kaur, M and Kaur, R. (2013). Linkage mechanism of R-E-F with market in Punjab. Indian Res. J. Ext.Edu. 13(3): 19-24. • Krishna, D.K., Kumbhare, N.V., Prabhakar, I., Swetha, B.S and Ashoka, N. (2019). Innovations in Market-Led Extension. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 8(2):3256-3263. • Market–Led Extension (2008). Post Graduate Diploma in Agricultural Extension Management (PGDAEM) published by National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030, Andhra Pradesh, India. • Nafees,A and Slathia, P.S. (2011). Market Led Extension for Promoting Rural Entrepreneurship in India. Journal of Global Communication. 4(2): 143-147. 24