Review lecture 21 chapter 21

Editor's Notes

• #4: 3
• #5: Instruction: Click to reveal test scores and then click again to read K. Werner Schaie’s, description of that person. The description of each subject comes from K. Warner Schaie, who developed the Seattle Longitudinal Study (Schaie, 1989, pp. 79-80). These graphs index changes in word-recognition scores for pairs of comparable adults over time. Notice how distinctly different each profile is, although all four are from the same nation and cohort. These differences underscore the power of occupation, marriage, health, and other experiences that vary from one person to another. “Subject 154503 had been professionally active as a teacher. Her performance remained fairly level and above the population average until her early sixties. Since that time she has been divorced and retired from her teaching job; her performance in I984 dropped to an extremely low level, which may reflect her experiential losses but could also be a function of increasing health problems.” “Subject 155510 is a high school graduate who has been a homemaker all of her adult life and whose husband is still alive and well-functioning. She started our testing program at a rather low level, but her performance has had a clear upward trend.” “Subject 153013, a high school graduate who held mostly clerical types of jobs, showed gain until the early sixties and stability over the next assessment interval. By age 76, however, he showed substantial decrement that continued through the last assessment, which occurred less than a year prior to his death.” ”Subject 153003, who started out somewhat below the population average, completed only grade school and worked as a purchasing agent prior to his retirement. He showed virtually stable performance until his late sixties; his performance actually increased after he retired, but he is beginning to experience health problems and has recently become a widower, and his latest assessment was below the earlier stable level.” Although various aspects of development generally follow a pattern of decline starting at mid-40s for men and age 60 for women, the actual pattern for any individual may be completely different from this average trend, based on that individual’s relational, educational, occupational, and health history.
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• #10: Instructions: Click the colored box in the graph key for “Men” and “Women” to reveal the corresponding measurements. According to this data, the next time you hear “The doctor will see you now,” the physician is as likely to be a woman as a man—unless the doctor is over age 40. According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study, the cognitive complexity of the occupations of more than 500 workers was measured, including the complexities involved in the workers’ interactions with other people, with things, and with data. In all three of these challenges, older workers maintained their intellectual prowess (Schaie, 2005). Click to see a video about expertise.
• #11: Instructions: Click to play video. How does Dr. Davis’s description of an experiment illustrate expertise?