Rural development and agricultural extension
- 1. Rural Development and Agricultural Extension Agricultural Extension K.G.R.Madubashini B.I.S O.U.S.L 1
- 2. Content ….. • Introduction. • Rural development and extension means. • Agricultural and rural development. • Rural development strategies. • The purpose of agricultural extension. • How rural develops through agriculture extension. • Sectors which develops through extension. • Economic development. • Job opportunities. 2
- 3. • Education and infrastructure. • Water supply. • Nutrition and Health. • Housing. • Summary. • References. Source- www.akdn.org 3
- 4. Introduction. • Agricultural extension provide critical access to the knowledge and information that rural people need to increase the productivity and sustainability of their production systems, and thus improve the quality of their lives and livelihoods. • Source-http.Fled.co.za 4
- 5. Rural development and extension means • The Rural Development refers to the process of improving the quality of life and economic wellbeing of people living in rural areas. • Extension is an informal educational process directed toward the rural population. This process offers advice and information to help them solve their problems. • Extension also aims to increase the efficiency of the family farm, increase production and generally increase the standard of living of the farm family. 5
- 6. Agricultural and rural development. • Agriculture is the basis of the livelihood of most rural families, Most of these people are also still very poor and dependent on agricultural practices that have benefited little from modern technology. • Agriculture's important role is one of production, both of food for the rural and the urban population and of cash crops for the export market, to earn foreign currency. 6
- 7. Rural development strategies • Technological- e.g. improved cropping practice or better water supply, by the provision of the inputs and skills required to bring about the transformation. • Reformist- Through organizational development, or participation in rural development programmes. • Structural -This strategy seeks to transform the economic, social and political relationships which exist in rural areas in such a way that those who were previously disadvantaged by such relationships find their position improved. 7
- 8. The purpose of agricultural extension • It helps farmers to change their behavior on a voluntary basis . • It creates and shares new knowledge. • It motivates, enables, and provides insights. • It helps to form opinions and there is better decision-making . • It assists with mutual and reciprocal learning. • It creates and shares new agricultural technologies. 8
- 9. The purpose of agricultural extension • It brings the world to farmers and farmers to the world . • Extension is an intervention that can help farmers achieve a better quality of life. When this happens, there are direct and indirect positive effects on national and regional economies. Sourse-blog.cimmyt.org 9
- 10. How rural develops Through agriculture extension • Promoting poverty eradication in rural areas. • Providing social protection programmes. • Support and promote efforts to harmonize modern technologies with traditional and indigenous knowledge for sustainable rural development. • Protect and ensure sustainable use of traditional knowledge, including indigenous knowledge . 10
- 11. How rural develops Through agriculture extension • Provide access to credit and other mechanisms as well as resources for farm-based activities, especially for small-scale farmers, price, weather, climate, water shortages, land degradation and natural disasters, including by providing aid and promoting the development of agricultural insurance markets. sourse-wikimedia.org 11
- 12. How rural develops Through agriculture extension • Eliminate old and new forms of illiteracy in rural communities and ensure provision of primary education and access to secondary and tertiary educational opportunities as well as vocational and entrepreneurship training. • Invest in essential infrastructure and services for rural communities. Source- www.akdn.org 12
- 13. How rural develops Through agriculture extension • Strengthen rural health-care facilities and capacities, train and increase the number of health and nutrition professionals and sustain and expand access to primary health-care systems. • Improve access by rural people and communities to information, education, extension services and learning resources, knowledge and training to support sustainable development planning and decision-making. 13
- 14. Sectors which develops Through extension Job Opportuni ties 14
- 15. Sectors which develops Through extension 15 Educa tion
- 16. Sectors which develops Through extension Nutrit ion 16 Water Supply
- 17. Sectors which develops Through extension Housi ng 17
- 18. Economic development • There should be a dynamic balance of agricultural supply and demands with rural development, Then the economical potential of rural farmers become arise. • Economic growth must occur or mean income must rise on a sustained basis. • Economic growth must be neutral with respect to income distribution or reduce income inequality. Source- www.motu.org. 18
- 19. Job opportunities • Rural areas often have fewer job opportunities and higher unemployment rates than urban areas. The professions that are available are often physical in nature, including farming, forestry, fishing, manufacturing. • With the development of rural Through agriculture extension , job opportunities are higher. Source- www.careercast.com 19
- 20. Education and infrastructure • Rural peoples have become better qualified with higher rate of literacy and longer length of education. • Development of training skills of rural peoples. • Developing an inclusive & worthy statutory infrastructure such as (water suplly,roads) for the rural landscape that will ensure it’s development & renewal alongside continuing rural development. • Improvements in communication & technology . 20
- 21. Water supply • Farmers are becoming increasingly aware of irrigation as a tool for optimizing production. When all other management practices are carried out efficiently, irrigation can help the farmer achieve the top yields and quality demanded in today's markets. • Ensuring safe and healthy drinking water , establishing a comprehensive drinking water system that integrates water supply, quality, management to ensure the safety and sustainability of drinking water. 21
- 22. Nutrition and Health • Promoting desirable food behavior and balance nutritional diet practices, Increasing the nutrition knowledge, Increasing the diversity and quantity of family food supplies. • Improve the quality of care and the financial and operational performance for hospitals ,and increase Life expectancy, Infant immunization , family planning knowledge. Source- healthlevelup.com 22
- 23. Housing • Rural farmers can purchase , repair or construct houses and other fixtures when they have economical strength. Source- www.theguardian.com 23
- 24. Summary • A healthy and dynamic agricultural extension is an important foundation of rural development, generating strong linkages to other economic sectors. Rural livelihoods are enhanced through effective participation of rural people and rural communities in the management of their own social, economic and environmental objectives by empowering people in rural areas, particularly women and youth, including through organizations such as local cooperatives and by applying the bottom-up approach. 24
- 25. References • ESCOP, Agriculture and Rural Viability (Raleigh: North Carolina State University, North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, 1988). Policy: Fragmentation, Moving Toward Consensus," Choices, IV (No. 2, 1989), 8-11. • David L. Brown and others, eds., Rural Economic Development in the 1980's: Prospectus for the Future, Rural Development Report No. 69 (Washington, D.C.: USDA, Economic Research Service,1988. • Curtale F, Siwakoti B, Lagrosa C, LaRaja M, Guerra R. Improving skills and utilization of community health. Volunteers in Nepal. Soc Sci Med 1995; 40: 1117–1125. 25
- 26. • Lawrence G, Williams CJ. The dynamics of decline: implications for social welfare delivery in rural Australia. In Cullen T, Dunn P, Lawrence G (eds), Rural Health and Welfare in Australia. Wagga Wagga, NSW: Centre for Rural Welfare Research, Charles Sturt University-Riverina; 1990: 38–59. • World Health Organization. Making medical practice and education more relevant to people’s needs: the contribution of the family doctor. In WHO/WONCA 1994 Conference, The Contribution of the Family Doctor, 6–8 November 1994, London, Ontario, Canada. Available from the Department of Organization of Health Services Delivery, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland. 1995 26
- 27. Thank you.. 27
Editor's Notes
- #13: including proactive and market-related elements to build capacities within rural communities, in particular for youth, young girls, women and indigenous people.