Sam Session

The document summarizes some macroelement models for unreinforced masonry (URM) structures, including: 1) The SAM model which uses simplified strength criteria and constitutive rules to model flexural and shear failure of URM elements. 2) A nonlinear equivalent frame model that represents URM walls as piers and spandrels with rigid offsets and uses force-deformation relationships to model flexural, shear, and rocking behavior. 3) A comparison showing similar force-displacement responses between a 3D storey mechanism model and the nonlinear frame model for a 2-story URM building.