The scientific method is a step-by-step process used for research that involves making observations and collecting data, forming a hypothesis, performing experiments to test the hypothesis, analyzing the experimental data, and forming a conclusion about whether the hypothesis was supported. Key aspects of the scientific method include making observations using instruments, developing an educated guess or hypothesis to explain observations, designing experiments with controls and independent and dependent variables to test the hypothesis, collecting quantitative and qualitative data, and analyzing the data to determine if it supports or disproves the original hypothesis.