secondary and primary data.pptx

secondary and primary data.pptx

• 2.
  A statistical investigationdeals with largemass of inter-related facts in the form of numerical figures. These information in the form of numericalfigures is generally termed as data. Whereas sometimes data can be in the form of general descriptionor elaboration too. Dataare specialtype of information, generally obtained through observation, surveys, enquiries, or are generated as a result of human activity for the purpose of research.
• 3.
  ⦁ On thebasis of method and sources by which the data is collected the data is classified into two types:- DATA PRIMARY DATA SECONDARY DATA
• 4.
   PRIMARYDATA: Thosedata which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus happen to be original in character and known as Primary data. These data are in the shape of raw material.
• 5.
  ⦁ Reliability dependon respondents information accuracy. ⦁ Informationcan be bias. ⦁ Expensive and time consuming in nature. ⦁ Lack of experience among researcher. ⦁ Requires field work. ⦁ Original and independent collection increased the authenticityof data. ⦁ Directly Collection enhancethe reliability of data. ⦁ Used in both quantitative and qualitative researchmethods. ⦁ Hidden information can be collected through primarydata. ⦁ After analyzedprimarydata can be used as secondary data. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• 6.
   SECONDARYDATA:Those datawhich have been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process or analyzedby someone else are known as Secondary data. It is the data which may be published or unpublished, but has been collected and is used forsome other purpose earlier.
• 7.
   These datacan be quickly manageable.  Time and cost balanceremains maintained.  Information availableis already analyzed by experts.  Used to update data or reinterpret existing ones.  Helpful for philosopher, thinker or authors fordeveloping new concept.  Field work is less. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES  No standard measurement of validity.  Need expertise.  Accuracy and reliability is always lesser than primary data.
• 8.
  ⦁ Field ofinvestigation, ⦁ Nature of data required, ⦁ Objectives and scope of enquiry, ⦁ Budget, & Availability of resources, ⦁ Degree of accuracy desired, ⦁ Time factor
• 9.
  SOURCES/METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION SECONDARY DATA PRIVATE/PERSONAL DOCUMENTS PUBLIC DOCUMENTS PRIMARY DATA OBSERVATION INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE SCHEDULE SURVEY PANEL METHOD CASE STUDY METHOD
• 11.
  SimilaritiesBetweenPrimary& SecondaryData •ContainsSameContent: Secondary datawas once primary data when it was newly collected by the first researcher. The content of the data collected does not change and therefore has the same content as primary data. It doesn't matter if it was further visualized in the secondary form, the content does not change. A common example of these are definitions, theorems, and postulates that were made years ago but still remain the same. •Uses Primary data and secondary data are both used in research and statistics. They can be used to carry out the same kind of research in these fields depending on data availability. This is because secondary data and primary data have the same content. The only difference is the method by which they are collected. Since the method of collection does not directly affect the uses of data, they can be used to perform similar research. For example, whether collected directly or from an existing database, the demography of a particular target market can be used to inform similar business decisions.
• 13.
  ⦁ On thebasis of the point that I have placed in my previous slides, it can be concluded that non of the methods is free from one or the other drawback. In fact, the method to be chosen depends upon the nature of investigation, object and scope of enquiry, budget made for the purpose of data collection, degree of accuracy desired and time with in which the data has to be collected.