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Sensor networks
1) The document discusses sensor networks and their applications, challenges, and companies involved. It covers topics such as sensor network architectures, communication technologies, routing techniques, applications in various domains like energy, logistics, environment, buildings, transportation, health, and industry. 2) Key challenges discussed are efficient energy harvesting, security and privacy, hardware constraints, and interoperability. Many companies are working in areas like smart metering, logistics tracking, environmental monitoring, building automation, traffic management, healthcare, and industrial processes. 3) Future trends discussed include nanotechnology, standardization, and connecting sensor networks to the larger Internet of Things.
In this document
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Introduction to smart cities and the role of wireless sensor networks. Discusses motivation, trends, and challenges in sensor networks.
Details on trends like M2M communication, energy harvesting, security, and a deep dive into sensor node architecture including components and operating systems.
Describes network routing processes, the various topologies like star and mesh, and routing protocols relevant for efficient communication.
Explores communication technologies used in sensor networks, including Bluetooth and ZigBee, and their interoperability and applications.
Discusses the data collected by sensors, standards for sensor data representation, and efforts to harmonize sensor data formats.
Overview of various applications of sensor networks including energy monitoring, logistics, and health care alongside future challenges.
Explores specific applications in energy monitoring like smart metering and companies involved in developing these technologies.
Details logistics applications tracking merchandise and environmental monitoring through weather stations and agriculture.
Applications in monitoring public infrastructures, smart building management and automation, listing various companies in the sector.
Discusses applications for traffic management, healthcare monitoring, and fitness tracking with relevant companies.
Industrial applications in process monitoring. Concludes with future challenges for sensor networks including energy, security, and interoperability.
Wrap-up of the presentation with an invitation for questions.
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Sensor networks
- 1. Smart Cities Wirelesssensor networks Marc Pous, Researcher Jornades Abertis, BDigital, 2011
- 2. Motivation Sensor networksApplications and companies Future challenges of 45
- 3. Motivation Elements ofa sensor network Trends in sensor networks Overview challenges Sensor networks Applications and companies Future challenges of 45
- 4. Source: Fabien Girardinand Josep Blat of 45
- 5. In 2008, 50%of the world population lived in cities. By 2012, M2M communication will be 20% of the non-video Internet traffic. IPv6 Passive Interactive Deferred Real-time Object Service Trends in sensor networks of 45
- 6. Energy harvesting Hardwareconstraints Security and privacy Interoperability (data and communications) Overview challenges of 45
- 7. Sensor networks of 45
- 8. Motivation Sensor networksSensor node architecture Sensor networks topologies Sensor networks communication technologies Sensor networks routing techniques Sensor networks data Applications and companies Future challenges of 45
- 9. A sensor networkis a system of one or more sensors that detect, collect and possibly respond to things or events. Large number of sensor nodes, which are densely deployed either inside the phenomenon or very close to it. Inter-connected sensor nodes exchanging sensed data by wired or wireless processing. Sensor network architecture of 45
- 10. A sensornode integrates one or more sensors or actuators , a processor , a communication unit , a power supply and management unit. Sensor node architecture Source: Wireless Sensor Networks by Thomas Watteyene of 45
- 11. Motes A verylow cost low power computer Nanotechnology A Radio Link to the outside world Are the building blocks of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) The most popular motes probably are: Mica2 MicaZ TelosB Sensor node architecture of 45
- 12. Operating systems Sensornode architecture of 45 Operating system Sensor node supported platform TinyOS Btnode, Imote, Iris, Mica, Mica2, MicaZ, SenseNode, TelosB, T-Mote Sky, Shimmer Contiki T-Mote Sky, TelosB, MSP430 MCU Mantis OS Mica2, MicaZ, Nymph, TelosB SOS T-Mote Sky, Mica2, MicaZ, TelosB, Cricket Microsoft .NET Micro Imote 2.0
- 13. Network routing isthe process of selecting a path for the relaying of a message from a source device to the intended destination. WSN topology Star topology Tree topology Mesh topology Sensor networks topologies of 45
- 14. Sensor networks routingtechniques Routing protocols Flat routing Hierachical routing Geographic routing Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) Ad-hoc On- demand Distance Vector (AODV) IETF Routing Over Low power and Lossy Networks (ROLL) IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks (RPL) of 45
- 15. Sensor networks communicationtechnologies of 45 Bluetooth ZigBee 6LoWPAN Range 10-100 m 10-75 m 10-75 m Owner Bluetooth SIG ZigBee Alliance IETF Application sectors Mobile device interconnectivity PC peripheral connectivity file transfer (OBEX) remote control health care Sensor networks access control home automation Sensor networks Access control home automation
- 16. Sensor networks communicationtechnologies Communication technologies interoperability Profiles ZigBee Elster Demonstrates ZigBee Interoperability with Smart Energy profile Bluetooth Low Energy Trends Protocol translation gateways Benefits of IPv6 The Z-Wave Alliance announced the Z/IP program to drive convergence of Z-Wave and TCP/IP (2007) The ZigBee Alliance and IPSO Alliance Collaborate on ZigBee IP and ZigBee Smart Energy 2.0 (2009-2010) of 45
- 17. Web of ThingsSensor networks data Source: Vlad Trifa and Dominique Guinard of 45
- 18. XML Binary XML(BXML) Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) Extended Environments Markup Language (EEML) Describes sensors data collected in a structured form SensorML Provides metadata describing sensors, sensor platforms, sensor tasking interfaces as sensor generated data Harmonization of Sensor Standards WG Sensor ontology including IEEE 1451, ANSI N42.42 and CBRN data model, among others Sensor networks data of 45
- 19. Pachube Sensor networksdata Source: Pachube of 45
- 20. Applications and companiesinvolved in sensor networks of 45
- 21. Motivation Sensor networksApplications and companies Energy monitoring Logistics Environmental monitoring Public spaces management Intelligent buildings Traffic control and public transportation Health and personal assistance care monitoring Industrial processes Future challenges of 45
- 22. Applications of sensornetworks 1/8 Energy monitoring of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Smart metering Electricity Gas Water Landis Gyr (CH), Itron (UK), Echelon (US), Coronis/Elster (FR, US), Millenial Net (US), Libelium (ES), Sentilla (US), Ember (US), Sensus (US ) American model vs European model ZigBee PLC Pipe leakage detection and tank or silos level management Oil Water Landis Gyr (CH), Vögtlin (CH), Honeywell (US), Coronis/Elster (FR, US), Sensus (US) BP North Sea platform 2004 ZigBee
- 23. Coronis / ElsterCoronis is the creator of Wavenis® Major markets: smart metering, home comfort, alarms, home healthcare, industrial automation, centralized building management 5M of Wavenis-enabled products deployed worldwide in 2010 Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 24. Applications of sensornetworks 2/8 Logistics of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Control of the state of the merchandise Temperature Humidity etc. Vibration Position (GPS) Crossbow (US), Tiny Node (CH), Libelium (ES), WorldSensing (ES) Localization of merchandise and transportation tracking GeoPosition Barcodes/RFID Digi (US), Libelium (ES), GMV (ES), Ubisense Harbors container management RFID ZigBee
- 25. Digi International Foundedin 1985, in United States. Major markets: Monitoring and management of renewable energy Wireless tank monitoring and management Tracking and monitoring of mobile assets Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 26. Environmental monitoring Applicationsof sensor networks 3/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Weather stations Temperature Humidity Atmospheric pressure Light intensity CO2 detector Crossbow (US), Arch Rock (Cisco), Urbiotica (ES) Emissions from farms, chemical and industrial processes Forest fires Agriculture Soil moisture Fruit diameter Leaf wetness Crossbow (US), E-Senza (UK), Libelium (ES), IRIS (ES) Vineyards Marine Temperature Presence of bacteries Sea level MantraCourt (UK), Honeywell (US)
- 27. Crossbow Created in 1995, in California Major markets: Environmental systems and agriculture Logistics Monitors energy Companies in sensor networks of XX
- 28. Public spaces managementApplications of sensor networks 4/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Structural monitoring Vibrations Displacement detection Temperature MantraCourt (UK) San Francisco bridge Garbage collection Container emptiness GeoPosition WorldSensing (ES) Route planner Street light systems Presence detection Energy consumption Philips (NE), Echelon (US)
- 29. Echelon Created in1988, in United States Major markets: Building automation (LonWorks) Street lighting Industrial automation Transportation automation Companies in sensor networks of XX
- 30. Intelligent buildings Applicationsof sensor networks 5/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Home automation Temperature Light detector Presence detectors Energy consumption General Electrics (US), Control4 (US), Greenwave (DK), Hai (US), Echelon (US) Building management Access controls HVAC systems Scheneider (GE), Siemens (GE), Philips (NE), enOcean (GE)
- 31. EnOcean Created in2001, in Germany Sensor modules from EnOcean harvest tiny amounts of energy from their surroundings, enabling them to register detected values and transmit them wirelessly. Major markets: Building automation Home automation Torre Espacio de Madrid 4,200 light and blind switches http://www.enocean.com/en/torre-espacio-madrid-spain-2007/ Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 32. Transportation Applications ofsensor networks 6/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Traffic monitoring Cameras GeoPosition Speed BitCarrier (ES), WorldSensing (ES), Sensys Networks (US), Nivis (US), Smartgrains (FR), Echelon (US) Traffic jams management Cameras, inductive loops, GPS, Bluetooth detectors, MEMS Toll payment RFID (presence) Urbiotica (ES) Teletac Smart parking Presence detector Streetline networks (US), World Sensing (ES), Urbiotica (ES) Inductive loops Parking payment through mobile phone
- 33. Streetline Networks Createdin California Major markets: Parking monitoring and management Traffic monitoring Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 34. Health Applications ofsensor networks 7/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Healthcare Blood’s pressure Temperature Sugar in blood etc. Philipps (HO), Coronis (FR), Sensinode (FI) Body sensor network Sports and fitness (wellness) Geoposition Speed Calories etc. Dynastream Innovations (CA), Nordic Semiconductor (NO) ANT Nike+ Personal care and assistance Gyroscope Accelerometer Sensing & Control (ES) Falling detector
- 35. Dynastream Innovations Createdin 1998, is based in Canada. World leader in the research of inertial and wireless technology. Integrators of ANT technology into sensors. Nike products ANT was born out of the need to develop the very lowest available power solution for Nike’s foot pod to watch communication. Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 36. Industrial monitoring Applicationsof sensor networks 8/8 of 45 Application What can be sensed? Companies Comments Process monitoring Temperature pressure contact closure valve positioning gas detection corrosion detection Optical detector Dust Networks (US), CrossBow (US), SENSICAST(US), Arch Rock (Cisco), E-Senza (GE), Nivis (US), Honeywell (US) Quality of service Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol (TSMP) WirelessHART ISA100.11a Xmesh Sensinet Security in processes Camera Gas detector Honeywell (US) , Gastronics (US)
- 37. Honeywell Created in1906, in United States Major markets: Metering sensors and Industrial processes Companies in sensor networks of 45
- 38. of 45Nordic Semiconductors, Atmel Corp EnOcean Dust networks Libelium World Sensing, Sensing & Control, Urbiòtica, Streetline Crossbow Arch Rock (Cisco) Texas Instruments, Freescale Coronis/Elster Digi International
- 39. Future challenges insensor networks of 45
- 40. Motivation Sensor networksApplications and companies Future challenges Efficient energy harvesting Security and privacy Hardware constraints Interoperability of 45
- 41. Efficient energy harvestingLack of power during some time Consume extremely low power Future challenges of 45
- 42. Security and privacySecurity Privacy Dynamic and scalable sensor networks Future challenges of 45
- 43. Hardware constraints Trendsto nanotechnology Performance Low production cost Repair Monitoring and real-time control Future challenges of 45
- 44. Interoperability Standardization IP-basedsensor networks and the Internet of Things Future challenges of 45
- 45. Moltes gràcies! [email_address]Questions? [email_address]