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simple casestudy on building materials
- 2. 1 | P a g e SAND Natural sand is used this construction. Sand is used in cement mortar, lime mortar, plain cement concrete, reinforced cement concrete and prestressed concrete as key in gradient in building construction. Sand is useful in various construction activities like masonary work, plaster work, flooring and concrete. Sand is used in this construction is fine sand. Importance of this sand is it prepares Cement Mortar (CM) and Cement Concrete (CC) by mixing with cement like binding material. They fill up the void between pieces in Cement Concrete.
- 3. 2 | P a g e AGGREGATES Aggregates are the naturally occurring material like sand (fine aggregate), crushed rock (coarse aggregate) and gravel. Aggregates are processed to get desired sizes. Broken bricks (brick bats) and crushed air-cooled blast furnace slag also used as aggregates. Aggregate of bigger sizes are called coarse aggregate. There is two types of aggregates are used in this construction. One is fine aggregate and other is coarse aggregates. Fine aggregates are used to prepare cement mortar, lime mortar and cement concrete. Coarse aggregates are used to prepare cement concrete (PCC, RCC) bituminous pavement, rigid pavement etc.
- 4. 3 | P a g e CEMENT Cement is a product obtained by burning a well- proportioned mixture of siliceous (containing silica), argillaceous (containing alumina) and calcareous (containing lime) materials and crushing the same into grey color fine powder. The cement used in this construction is ultratech ordinary Portland 53 grade cement. This is most important type of cement and is widely used. Ingredients of Portland cement: Lime 60-67% Silica 17-25% Alumina 3-8% Iron oxide 0.50-6% Magnesia 0.10-4% Soda and potash 0.20-1% Sulphur tri-oxide 1-2.75% Free lime 0-1%
- 5. 4 | P a g e BRICKS Bricks are used for walls of various building construction. Brick masonary walls are load bearing structures. They divide the space in various rooms along with fire protection, sound or noise insulation and thermal insulation. Brick are used in lintel and column construction also. Bricks used in this construction are of SB mark having dimension 9’’ × 4’’.
- 6. 5 | P a g e STEEL Steel forms an intermediate stage between cast iron and wrought iron with carbon content 0.25-1.5%. Types % Carbon Content Mid carbon 0.10-0.25 Medium Carbon Steel 0.25-0.60 High Carbon Steel 0.60-1.10 Steel used in this construction is 5-25 mm round bar. It is used in column and beam construction. There forms a square type structure and concrete is filled up in this.