Software Takes Command by Manovich

Software Takes Command by Manovich

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  SOFTWARE TAKES COMMAND By Lev Manovich Presented by Inês Rodolfo in “History and Tendencies of Media” Digital Media PhD - UT | Austin Portugal Program
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  Software Takes Command Part I: “Inventing Cultural Sofware” 1st Chapter: “Alan Kay’s Universal Machine” By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Summary 1. Manovich aims to understand the present and the future of media history by analyzing the origin of new media and of the computational culture; 2. Aims to understand “what is media after software” and what are the consequences of our culture after the media have been “softwarerized”; 3. Is interested about the process of remediation of old media into new media; 4. Evaluates what are possibilities of the Media in what concerns to languages, techniques and concepts of the XX century after computation; 5. Manovich shares the vision of Alan Kay; 6. This presentation of “Software Takes Command” rests in the discussion of the article published in 1977 by Alan Kay and Goldberg where is discussed the concept of “Metamedium” and the launch of Dynabook, the first personal computer. By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Manovichfocus on Alan Kay For introducing the new paradigm of computers as “personal dynamic media”; For stimulating different types of media in a unique personal machine through a remediation process which converted already existing artistic languages, introducing the concept of “Metamedium”; For evolving all type of users in a two way conversational system relationship e.g. through edition tools. For Kay facing the computers as a mean of artistic expression. For enabling free programming tools and by defending the democratization of software development within a shared community. By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Kay’s vision “To provide users with a programming environment, examples of programs, and already written general tools so the users will be able to make their own creative tools” By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command 1940 - 1980 Digital Computer was mostly used for military, scientific and business calculations as well as data processing. It was not personal. It was not Interactive By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command 1950’s Artists, Filmmakers, musicians and architects use computers since the 1950’s with computer scientists working in research labs: Bell Labs, IBM Watson Research Center... By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command 1970 - 1980 Work developed at Xerox PARC introduced the concept of computers as personal machines (CRUD) New Praradigm of media computing. By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command 1991 Computer as personal media + World Wide Web Computers as Cultural Mainstream By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command 2000 Expansion of computer networks and www. + Social Software Products = Digital revolution (production, distribution and access) Digital Culture By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Sketchpad 1962 By Ivan Sutherland MIT PhD thesis First interactive media authoring Create and modify line drawings By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Ted Nelson 1965 Hypertext concept Article “A File Structure for the Complex, the Changing, and the Indeterminate” “Let me introduce the word “hypertext” to mean a body of written or pictorial material interconnected in such a complex way that it could not be conveniently be presented or represented on paper” www - “Chunk Style” By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Ted Nelson 2007 Hypertext, Hiperfilm, Hypermedia “with the computer-driven display and mass memory, it has become possible to create a new, readable medium” “It (computer text) need not be treated as a simulated paper book since this is a new medium with new properties” By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Engelbart 1968 View Control Computer Conference Demo San Francisco @ Research Center for Augmenting Human Intellect “Computer supported collaborative work.” By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command SuperPaint 1972 - 1973 By Richard Shoup @ Xerox PARC “From a larger perspective, we realized that the development of SuperPaint signaled the beginning of the synergy of two of the most powerful and pervasive technologies ever invented: digital computing and video or television” “Videographic medium” Grabbed frames from video By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command XeroxPARC 1970 - 1981 Research Center at Palo Alto Alan Kay - Head of Research Based on previous work made by: Sutherland; Nelson; Englebart, Licklider, Seymour Paper Personal Computers GUI (overlapping windows, icons, bitmapped display, mouse...) WYSIWYG Smalltalk language Word Processor; File System; Drawing and Painting Program; Animation and Music edition Programs Paradigm of media computing By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command XeroxPARC 1970 - 1981 Research Center at Palo Alto Star User Interface By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Remediation 2000 By Jay Bolter @ Richard Grusin’s book of remediation “Understanding the Media” “GUI -based software turned digital computer into a remediation machine” “The representation of one medium in another” “What is new about digital media lies in their particular strategies for remediating television, film, photography, and painting” By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Dynabook 1977 By Alan Kay @ Xerox PARC 1997 Article of Alan Kay co-authored with Adele Goldberg: “To create a personal dynamic medium the size of a notebook (the Dynabook) which could be owned by everyone and could have the power to handle virtually all of its owner’s information-related needs.” By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Dynabook 1977 By Alan Kay By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Dynabook 1977 By Alan Kay @ Xerox PARC Metamedium Concept A Platform for all the already existing artistic media “Simulation is the central notion of Dynabook” Mapp old media to generate new media By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Dynabook 1977 By Alan Kay @ Xerox PARC Metamedium Concept “Meta” = “Hypper” Ted Nelson Hypertext & Hipermedia Engelbart Automated external symbol manipulation Kay Metamedium By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Dynabook 1977 By Alan Kay @ Xerox PARC “A personal Computer for Children of All Ages” By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Apple 1984 First Macintosh Brought the vision of Xerox to consumers 128 K US$2,495 Included: Word Processing (Mac Write) Drawing Application (Mac Draw) By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Apple 1979 Steve Jobs visit to Xerox when Steve was 24 years old By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo
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  Software Takes Command Pioneers and Personal inventors of Metamedium Dynamic Media computational media Englebart Alan Kay Ted Nelson Shutherland Developers Negroponte Designers Add more Properties Architects Programmers
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  Software Takes Command Processing 2000 By Ana Oliveira in “Generativismos” “Especulações semi-codificadas; Aleatoriedade como regra”
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  Software Takes Command Conclusion The computer seen as a cultural tool framework Dynabook has introduced a new paradigm in computer history by being established on the “Metamedium” concept and “Universal Media Machine”; The new media are considered to be new when the add new properties to an existing one as all media live in a process of remediation; According to Manovich, the semantic of the media didn’t followed the revolution of digital development and growth; Mentions Apple as being responsible for closing the open source software democratization in the beginning of the 80’s, however allowing later the sharing of new languages to come forward. By Lev Manovich - presented by Inês Rodolfo