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Similar to solar pv module: a brief overview (20)
solar pv module: a brief overview
- 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur Rajasthan Technical University SUBMITTED BY: - SEMINAR SUPERVISOR: - SUBMITTED TO:- VAIBHAV BIRLA Mr. ARUN BENIWAL Mr. ANKIT AGARWAL 14ESKME755 Mr. DINESH SHARMA A SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON SOLAR CELL : WORKING, CONSTRUCTION, TYPES & PERFORMANCE
- 2. 1. What is a solar cell? 2. Working of solar cell 2.1 Physics of solar cell 2.2 Built in electric field 2.3 Breaking bond 2.4 Providing conducting path 3. Construction of solar module 3.1 Components of solar module 3.2 Procedure pf silicon wafer production 3.3 Manufacturing process of solar panel 4. Types of solar cell 5. Comparison of solar cell 6. Current obstacles 7. References INDEX
- 3. It is also known as Photovoltaic cell (PV cell) A device that converts light energy (solar energy) directly to electricity. The term solar cell is designated to capture energy from sunlight, whereas PV cell is referred to an unspecified light source. It supplies DC power. The voltage supplied by the cell changes with changes in the radiation from the sun.
- 4. Semiconductor material can be p-type (hole carriers) or n-type (electron carriers) N-type has impurities with an extra electron (phosphorus) P-type has impurities with one fewer electron (boron) Put them together: p-n junction A solar cell is a very large p-n junction (or diode) n-type p-type P+ B-
- 5. The holes from the p-type side diffuse to the n-type side. The electrons diffuse to the p-type side. This leaves behind charged ions (missing electrons or holes). n-type p-type e h P+ B-
- 6. The charged atoms (ions) create an electric field. This electric field makes it easy for current to flow in one direction, but hard to flow in the opposite direction. n-type p-type P+ B- P+ B- P+ B- E-field
- 7. n-type p-type P+ B- P+ B- P+ B- E-field Light breaks silicon bonds and creates “free” electrons and holes “missing electrons” Holes are positive charges Built-in field separates electrons and holes e h
- 8. Connect diode to a circuit Photocurrent goes through resistor Causes a voltage drop n-type p-type P+ B- P+ B- P+ B- E-field e h V=IR `
- 10. They are constructed by layering special materials called semiconductors into thin, flat sandwiches. These are linked by electrical wires and arranged on a panel of a stiff, non-conducting material such as glass. The panel itself is called a module. Modules are then interconnected, in series or parallel, or both, to create an array with the desired peak DC voltage and current.
- 13. COMPONENTS OF SOLAR MODULE
- 16. MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF SOLAR MODULE
- 18. Based on the types of crystal used, soar cells can be classified as, 1. Monocrystalline silicon cell is produced from pure silicon (single crystal). Since the Monocrystalline silicon is pure and defect free the efficiency of cell will be higher. 2. Polycrystalline solar cell, liquid silicon is used as raw material and polycrystalline silicon was obtained followed by solidification process. The materials contain various crystalline sizes. Hence, the efficiency of this type of cell is less than Monocrystalline cell. 3. Thinfilm silicon cell was obtained by depositing silicon film on the substrate like glass plate. TYPES OF SOLAR CELL
- 20. CURRENT OBSTACLES Solar cell efficiencies vary from 6% for Thinfilm silicon-based solar cells to 42.8% with multiple-junction research lab cells. Low voltage are produced from single cell i.e. approx. 0.5V, that’s why they need large area of land to produce more efficien power supply. Very expensive, although silicon is second most abundant resource found in earth’s crust. It produces Direct Current, there is need of an inverter. Excess temperature causes decrease in power output.
- 21. “Quantum Mechanics” by A.K Ghatak and S Lokanathan (Springer science). www.worldscibooks.com/physics/p276.html. "Solar Electricity“ by T. Markvart, (Wiley). “Non-conventional energy resources” by N.K Bansal(Vikas) “Renewable Energy” by Godfrey Boyle, (Oxford)