System development life cycle

System development life cycle

• 1.
  SYSTEM/SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE.(SDLC) FATHIMA BINTHSALAM M.TECH TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT ROLL NO:14 1
• 2.
  CONTENTS 1. System developmentlifecycle 2. Phases of sdlc 3. Models of sdlc 4. Conclusion 5. Reference 2
• 3.
  SYSTEM /SOFTWARE LIFECYCLE  The key person in SDLC is system analyst.  SystemDLC is the systematic approach that analyst take to analysis and design of information system  SoftwareDLC is a process followed for a software project within a software organization  The life cycle defines a methodology for improving the quality of system and the overall development process 3
• 4.
  PHASES /STAGES OFSDLC  Building an information system is similar to building a house  Several phases in sdlc can occur simultaneously and activities can be repeated  There are 6 phases/stages for SDLC.They are 1. Planning 2. Defining 3. Designing 4. Implementation/Building/testing 5. Maintance 6. Deployment 4
• 5.
  PHASES SOFTWARE/SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTLIFE CYCLE 5
• 6.
  1.PLANNING (WHY BUILDTHE SYSTEM)  Fundamental process of understanding why an information system is built.  2 steps 1. Project initiation-identifies and analyse the organization information system requirement and conduct feasibility analysis. 2. Project management-project manager create work plan and staff the project 6
• 7.
  2.DEFINING REQUIREMENT/ANALYSIS It isbased on who ,what ,when ,where will the system be?  Steps 1. Analysis the current system problem 2. Information gathering(interviews or questionnaires)  System concept ,process model ,datamodel is developed.  Analyses ,system concept,data model,process model are combined as system proposal which is presented to the approval committee to decide the project should continue or not. 7
• 8.
  3.DESIGNING THE PRODUCTARCHITECTURE  It is based on how will the system works/operates  Steps 1. Develop design strategy 2. Develop architecture design 3. Develop interface design 4. Develop database and file specification 5. Develop program design  Collection of architecture design ,interface design,database and file specification,program design is called system specification which is handled to the programming team for implementation. 8
• 9.
  4.IMPLENTATION/SYSTEM DELIVERY  Actualdevelopment of the system or product is built.  Steps 1. Coding-programmers write programs 2. Testing-programmer and analyst test individual programs and entire system to find errors and correct it. 3. Installation-application software is installed in hardware. 4. Support-documentation and training program are provided to teach the users how to use the new system. 9
• 10.
  5.MAINTAINCE AND 6.DEPLOYMENT Information system is systematically repaired and improved depending on organisation need and programmer modify the system to reflect changing business condition.  The product is released according to market strategy and feedback are collected ,maintaince is provided inorder to meet the requirement. 10
• 11.
  TYPES OF SDLCMODELS. Some models of SDLC are 1. Waterfall model. 2. Incremental /iterative model. 3. V model 4. Spiral model. 5. Rad model. 11
• 12.
  1.WATERFALL MODEL.  Waterfallmodel is also called as linear lifecycle model or classical lifecycle model.  Simple to understand and easy to use.  Each phase must be completed before next phase begins and there is no overlapping in the phase.i.e, outcome of one phase act as the input for the next phase. 12
• 13.
  1.WATERFALLL MODEL. 13
• 14.
  WATERFALL MODEL SDLC 14 Advantages 1. Simple to understand and use 2. Easy to manage 3. Clearly defined stages  Disadvantages 1. High amount of risk 2. Not a good model for complex and object oriented project 3. Cannot accommodate changing requirement 4. Customer patience is required, since product delivery takes long time.
• 15.
  2.INCREMENTAL/ITERATIVE MODEL.  Developsa system through repeated cycles(iterative) and in smaller portions at a time (incremental)  Doesnot attempts to start with full specification of requirement  At each iteration ,design modification are made and functional capabilites are added. 15
• 16.
  2.INCREMENTAL/ITERATIVE MODEL. 16
• 17.
  INCREMENTAL/ITERATIVE MODEL SDLC 17 Advantages 1. Results obtained early and periodically 2. Progress can be measured 3. Less costly 4. Testing is easy 5. Risk analysis is better  Disadvantages 1. More resources is required 2. Not suitable for smaller projects
• 18.
  3.V MODEL SDLC Vmodel sdlc is the validation /verification sdlc  Extention of waterfall model.  Every single phase in the development cycle ,there is a directly associted testing phase.  Highly disciplined model  Next phase starts only after completion of the previous phase.  Verification phase is on one side of the ‘v’ and validation phase is on the other side.Coding phase joins the two sides of the v-model. 18
• 19.
  3.V MODEL SDLC 19
• 20.
  V MODEL SDLC 20 Advantages 1. Highly disciplined model 2. Work well for smaller projects 3. Simple and easy to understand 4. Easy to manage  Disadvantages 1. High risk and uncertainty 2. Not a good model for complex projects
• 21.
  4.SPIRAL MODEL SDLC Combination of incremental model and waterfall model with high emphasis on risk analysis  4 phases. 1. Identification-gathering business requirement in the spiral base line.At the end of the spiral the product is deployed in the identified market 2. Design-start conceptual design 3. Construction/build-production of software product at every spiral.Product at the base line is called anchor point milestone or proof of concept(POC) 4. Evalution and risk analysis-customer feedback is collected and implemented 21
• 22.
  4.SPIRAL MODEL SDLC 22
• 23.
  SPIRAL MODEL SDLC 23 Advantages 1. Requirements can be captured more accurately 2. User can see system more early 3. Changing requirement can be accommodated  Disadvantages 1. Management is more complex 2. Not suitable for small projects 3. Process is complex
• 24.
  5.RAD MODEL SDLC Rapid application development(RAD) model uses minimal planning to favour rapid prototyping  Prototype is a working model that is functionally equivalent to component of the product  In rad model the functional model are developed in parallel as prototypes and are integrated to make the complete product for faster delivery 24
• 25.
  5.RAD MODEL SDLC 25
• 26.
  RAD MODE SDLC 26 Advantages 1. Progress can be measured 2. Reduced development time 3. Changing requirement can be accommodated 4. Increases reusability of components  Disadvantages 1. Requires highly skilled developers 2. Inapplicable to cheaper projects 3. Management complexity is more
• 27.
  CONCLUSION  Sdlc –system/softwaredevelopment life cycle is a framework defining tasks performed at each step in a development process of a system/software.  It has mainly 6 phases/stages  It has several sdlc model are there. They are 1. Waterfall model 2. Incremental/iterative model 3. V model 4. Spiral model 5. Rad model. 27
• 28.
  REFERENCE  System analysisand design-Alan Dennis, Barbara Haley Wixom  System analysis and design-Kendall &Kendall 28
• 29.
  THANK YOU.. 29 THANK YOU..