The cell-project4541[1]
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The document provides a map and descriptions of the major cellular organelles. It describes the nucleus, which contains the cell's DNA and directs protein production. The cell membrane separates and protects the cell, controlling what enters and exits. Ribosomes build proteins using instructions from the nucleus. Lysosomes digest molecules. Mitochondria produce energy. Other organelles described include the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, vacuoles, cytoskeleton, and centrioles.
The cell-project4541[1]
- 1. A map to cellular organelles
- 2. •The nucleus is the center of the cell which contains the cells DNA and is often known as the control center of the cell. •It sends instructions to ribosomes which put proteins together. nucleus
- 3. Cell Membrane The membrane separates the cell from the outside world as well as compartments inside the cell that help protect important processes. It is a thin membrane enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell which controls what comes in and out of the cell. This characteristic is called being semi permeable, meaning that it only lets certain things in and certain things out. Water, for example, is able to go through the cell membrane while other materials are not.
- 4. Ribosomes make the proteins in the cell by connecting one amino acid to another. The nucleus tells them how to make proteins and which ones to make. Ribosomes are found floating through the cytoplasm or on the endoplasmic reticulum.
- 5. Lysosomes hold enzymes for digestion in the cell. They float around the cytoplasm breaking down complex molecules such as proteins. The lysosome comes from the Golgi apparatus which gets enzymes from the endoplasmic reticulum which later make up a lysosome.
- 6. •Mitochondria are spherical organelles in the cytoplasm that create energy for the cell. •“Powerhouse of the cell” •Have two membranes (most other organelles only have one)
- 7. Cilia Flagella Definition-hairl ike organelles that line the Definition-a long, whip like extension of surfaces of certain cells and beat in certain cells or unicellular organisms rhythmic waves as means of that function as a means of propulsion. locomotion. • Lots of arms on one cell • Has only one or two arms attached to • Shorter in length the cell surface • Different direction of force • Longer flagella cilia
- 8. The rigid outer layer found in plants and certain algae, bacteria, and fungi but characteristically absent from animal cells. It maintains the shape of the cell and serves as a protective barrier. The cell wall is made out of a specialized sugar called cellulose which provides framework for the cell to survive.
- 9. The cyt oplasm is t he J elly-like mat er ial inside t he cell membr ane t hat or ganelles such as mit ochondr ia and t he endoplasmic r et iculum ar e cont ained in. Cyt oplasm is f ound in all cells and is also used f or st or age.
- 10. Microtubules Microfilaments Definition-tube shaped protein structures that are distributed throughout the Definition-minute fibers located throughout cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, the cytoplasm of cells, functioning providing structural support and primarily in maintaining the structural assisting in cellular locomotion and integrity of a cell. transport. • Thick, strong spirals of thousands of • Long, thin, stringy proteins subunits • Work with microtubules to form the • Rounder, tube shaped structure that allows a cell to hold its shape microfilaments
- 11. •Exist only in plant cells •Found in the cytoplasm •Have a double membrane surrounding them •The primary function of plastids is to synthesize and store food •Generally spherical or ovular in shape
- 12. A cavity within the cytoplasm surrounded by a single membrane and containing fluid, food, or metabolic waste. In plant cells there is one very large vacuole, in animal cells there are small, specialized vacuoles. The vacuole holds on to anything the cell might need like more food or water and the waste is broken down and eventually sent out of the cell.
- 13. The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle consisting of a network of membranes within the cytoplasm involved in protein synthesis and transport in cellular materials. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to the outside. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum has none. It works as a packaging system with the Golgi apparatus ribosomes.
- 14. Chloroplasts are plastids in the cells of green plants that contain chlorophyll and creates glucose through photosynthesis. When energy from the sun hits a chloroplast, the chlorophyll uses that energy to combine CO2 and water to make sugar for the cell. Chloroplasts are usually disk shaped and can orient themselves in the cell to vary their exposure to sunlight.
- 15. The Golgi Apparatus is a packing organelle similar to the endoplasmic reticulum. It has one membrane and processes macromolecules for transportation elsewhere in the cell.
- 16. The nucleolus is located inside the nucleus as a sub organelle. The nucleolus is a spherical ball of protein that’s main job is the production and assembly of ribosomes.
- 17. Cytoskeleton Centriole The internal framework of a cell, A cell near the nucleus in the cytoplasm composed of a network of filaments extending through the cytoplasm. It that aids in cell division. There’s two in provides structural support and every animal cell. Cetrioles are made of transportation for the cell. microtubules arranged in a specific way. centriole Sources: Dictionary.com Biology4kids.com http://sun.menloschool.org/~cweaver/cells/c/plastids/ http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/golgi.htm All visited 10/14/07