![The birth of Liberal Internationalism
Immanuel Kant (1795):
◼ “For states in their relation to
each other, there cannot be
any reasonable way out of
the lawless condition which
entails only war except that
they, like individual men,
should give up their savage
[lawless] freedom, adjust
themselves to the constraints
of public law, and thus
establish a continuously
growing state consisting of
various nations which will
ultimately include all the
nations of the world.”
What this means:
• Agreements among states
merely avert war
• Nations needed to give up
their freedom and subject
themselves to a larger
system of law (analogue
with citizens in a country)
• A form of global
government needed to
create and enforce these
laws](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/302392-241013032429-47e467b1/85/The-Global-interstate-system-explain-it-to-me-in-the-same-location-in-the-15-320.jpg)
![The birth of Liberal Internationalism
Immanuel Kant (1795):
◼ “For states in their relation to
each other, there cannot be
any reasonable way out of
the lawless condition which
entails only war except that
they, like individual men,
should give up their savage
[lawless] freedom, adjust
themselves to the constraints
of public law, and thus
establish a continuously
growing state consisting of
various nations which will
ultimately include all the
nations of the world.”
What this means:
• Agreements among states
merely avert war
• Nations needed to give up
their freedom and subject
themselves to a larger
system of law (analogue
with citizens in a country)
• A form of global
government needed to
create and enforce these
laws](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/302392-241013032429-47e467b1/75/The-Global-interstate-system-explain-it-to-me-in-the-same-location-in-the-15-2048.jpg)
The Global interstate system explain it to me in the same location in the
- 1.
- 2. Discussion question: What arethe historical antecedents of contemporary world politics? Put simply, why is the world organized the way it is?
- 3. INTERNATIONALIZATION - Explore thedeepening of interactions between states - It does not equal globalization although it is a major part of globalization. - A window to view the globalization of politics
- 4. INTERNAL RELATIONS - Studyof political, military, and other diplomatic engagements between two or more countries. - A facet of globalization, because states/governments are key drivers of global processes.
- 5. NATION STATE -An imaginedcommunity (Benedict Anderson) -limited -Refers to a country and its government
- 6. *NATION AND STATEARE CLOSELY RELATED BECAUSE IT IS NATIONALISM THAT FACILITATES STATE. * In the contemporary era, it has been the nationalist movements that have allowed for the creation of nation-states.
- 7. 4 ATTRIBUTES OFSTATE 1. Exercises authority over a specific population called its citizens. 2. It governs a specific territory. 3. A state has a structure of government that crafts various rules that people follow. 4. It has sovereignty over its territory. (internal and external)
- 8. CONCEPT OF SOVEREIGNTY Canbe traced back to the Treaty of Westphalia- a set of agreements signed in 1648 to end the Thirty Years War between the major continental powers of Europe. The signatories exercise complete control over their domestic affairs and swear not to meddle in each other's affairs.
- 9. Earliest challenge: Napoleon Bonaparte(1769-1821) *Emperor of the French Empire *Sought to spread the principles of the French Revolution across Europe (Napoleonic Wars, 1803- 1815) Napoleonic code: ◼ Forbade birth privileges, freedom of religion, meritocracy in government service
- 10. The Concert ofEurope (1815-1914) Sought to restore Europe to world before French Revolution and Napoleon Alliance of great powers Austria, Prussia, Russia, United Kingdom
- 11. Tenets of theConcert • Return of the monarchy • Return of Christian values in Europe • Repudiation of the Napoleonic Code • Renewed peace in Europe through great power diplomacy
- 12. Defining liberal internationalism -Theidea of common international principles – from Kant -Cooperation and respect among nation-states – Mazzini and Wilson -Promotion of global democracy – Wilson These ideas became the foundation of the League of Nations
- 13. An Alternative: Socialist internationalism •Karl Marx • “Workers of the world unite” • “The proletariat has no nation” • Marxist anti-nationalism: affinity to the nation retards the worker’s struggle
- 14. The Socialist International(1889-1916) Organization of labor and socialist parties, mainly in Europe Achievements: 8-hour working day, International Women’s Day, May 1 Its parties became major players in the electoral politics of Europe Collapsed in 1916 as its member parties supported the war efforts of their respective states
- 15. The birth ofLiberal Internationalism Immanuel Kant (1795): ◼ “For states in their relation to each other, there cannot be any reasonable way out of the lawless condition which entails only war except that they, like individual men, should give up their savage [lawless] freedom, adjust themselves to the constraints of public law, and thus establish a continuously growing state consisting of various nations which will ultimately include all the nations of the world.” What this means: • Agreements among states merely avert war • Nations needed to give up their freedom and subject themselves to a larger system of law (analogue with citizens in a country) • A form of global government needed to create and enforce these laws
- 16. An Alternative: Socialistinternationalism Karl Marx and Friedrich Angels “Workers of the world unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains.”
- 17. Major challenge tointernationalism Hitler saw both variants internationalism as an attack on the nation Fascists believed in the primacy of ethnic majorities