The History of PHPersistence

The History of PHPersistence
Hugo Hamon - @hhamon
OSIDays November 2011

PHP/FI

Where Everything Begins…

$fp = fopen("/counter.txt","w+");

$counter = fgets($fp,1024);
$counter++;

fputs($fp, $counter);
fclose($fp);

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "secret");

$name = "bob";

$result = mysql(
$db,
"select * from table where firstname='$name'"
);

$num = mysql_numrows($result);

echo "$num records found!<p>";

$i=0;
while ($i<$num);

echo mysql_result($result,$i,"lcase(fullname)");
echo "n";

echo mysql_result($result,$i,"address");
echo "n";

$i++;

endwhile;

function db_connect($database, $host, $user, $pwd);

function db_fetch_single($dbh, $query);

function db_fetch_all($dbh, $query);

function db_insert($dbh, $table, $values);

function db_update($dbh, $table, $values, $pk);

function db_delete($dbh, $table, $pk);

function db_list_fields($dbh, $table);

function db_drop_table($dbh, $table);

/**
* Fetches a single record from a database
*
* @param resource $dbh The database handler
* @param string $query A SQL query
* @return array A single record as an array
*/
function db_fetch_single($dbh, $query)
{
return current(db_fetch_all($dbh, $query));
}

include 'lib/database.inc.php';

$dbh = db_connect('osidays');
$query = 'SELECT id, name FROM author';

$authors = db_fetch_all($dbh, $query);
$author = db_fetch_single(
$dbh,
'SELECT id, name FROM author WHERE id = 3'
);

$id = db_insert($dbh, 'author', array(
'name' => 'Jules Verne'
));

class Database
{
function Database($database, host, $user, $pwd);

function disconnect();
function connect();
function free();
function getErrorMessage();
function getErrorCode();
function getLastInsertId();
function insert($table, array $values);
function fetchAll($query);
function fetchSingle($query);
function query($query);
function quote($string);
function hasError();
function _collectError();
function _init();
}

require 'lib/Database.php';

$db= &new Database('demo', 'localhost', 'root');

$q = 'SELECT id, name FROM author';

foreach ($db->fetchAll($q) as $author) {
// ...
}

$db->free();
$db->disconnect();



$q = 'SELECT id, name FROM author WHERE id = 1';

$author = $db->fetchSingle($q);

$db->free();

$db->disconnect();



$res = $db->insert('author', array(
'name' => 'Jules Vernes'
));

if ($result) {
$id = $db->getLastInsertId();
}

$db->disconnect();

• PEAR::DB • MDB
• ADOdb • MDB2
• Metabase • Creole

§  Multiple databases support
§  Uni ed APIs
§  Prepared statements supports
§  Query caching
§  Security against SQL Injections

$dsn = array(
'phptype' => 'mysql',
'username' => 'root',
'password' => '',
'hostspec' => 'localhost',
'database' => 'demo',
);

$db = & MDB2::connect($dsn);
$db->setFetchMode(MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC);

$rs = $db->queryAll('SELECT id, name FROM author');

$db->disconnect();

include('adodb.inc.php');

$db = NewADOConnection('mysql');
$db->Connect('localhost', 'root', 'password', 'demo');

$result = $db->Execute('SELECT id, name FROM author');

if ($result) {
while (!$result->EOF) {
echo 'ID: ', $result->fields[0] ,"n";
echo 'Name:', $result->fields[1] ,"n";
$result->MoveNext();
}
}

•  PECL extension as of PHP 5.0.0
•  Core extension since PHP 5.1.0 (11/2005)
•  12 oﬃcial drivers as of today
•  Extensible Object Oriented API
•  Prepared statements & transaction support
•  Stored procedures support

« PDO provides a data-access abstraction
layer, which means that, regardless of
which database you're using, you use the
same functions to issue queries and fetch
data. »

« PDO does not provide a
database abstraction as it
doesn't rewrite SQL or emulate
missing features »

Transactions
/
Prepared Statements

try {
$pdo->beginTransaction();

$query = 'INSERT INTO author (name) VALUES (?)';

$stmt = $pdo->prepare($query);
$stmt->bindValue(1, 'Jules Verne');
$stmt->execute();

$id = $pdo->lastInsertId();
$pdo->commit();
} catch (PDOException $e) {
$pdo->rollback();
}

DELIMITER |
CREATE PROCEDURE coming_events (IN start DATE, OUT events INT)
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO events FROM events WHERE start_at >=
start;
END
|

$query = "CALL coming_events('2011-03-01', @events);";

$pdo->query($query);

$stmt = $pdo->query("SELECT @events;");

echo $stmt->fetchColumn() ,' events to come.';

class AuthorGateway
extends Zend_Db_Table_Abstract
{

protected $_name = 'authors';
protected $_primary = 'author_id';

}

$data = array(
'first_name' => 'Jules',
'last_name' => 'Vernes',
);

$table = new AuthorGateway();
$table->insert($data);

$table = new AuthorGateway();

// New empty row
$row = $table->createRow();

// Insert a new row
$row->firstName = 'Jules';
$row->lastName = 'Verne';
$row->save();

$isbn = '1234567890';

$rows = $db->select()
->from(array('b' => 'books'))
->where('b.isbn = ?', $isbn)
->order(array('b.title ASC'))
->query()
->fetchAll()
;

PHP 5

Object Relational Mapping

•  Use objects instead of raw SQL queries

•  Database abstraction layer (not always)

•  Relationships support

•  Behaviors support (i18n, timestampable…)

•  Querying API

•  Error logging

$author = new Author();
$author->setFirstName("Leo");
$author->setLastName("Tolstoy");

$book = new Book();
$book->setTitle("War & Peace");
$book->setIsbn("0140444173");
$book->setAuthor($author);
$book->save();

$query = BookQuery::create()
->joinWith('Book.Author')
->joinWith('Book.Publisher')
->where('Author.firstName = ?', 'Leo')
->where('Author.lastName = ?', 'Tolstoï')
->orderByTitle()
->filterByPublishYear(2009)
->find()
;

$books = Doctrine_Query::create()
->select('b.*, a.*, p.*')
->from('Book b')
->leftJoin('b.Author a')
->leftJoin('b.Publisher p')
->where('a.firstName = ?', 'Karl')
->andWhere('a.lastName = ?', 'Marx')
->orderBy('b.title ASC')
->execute()
;

•  Database Abstraction Layer

•  Object Relational Mapping

•  Schema management

•  Migrations support

•  XML & NoSQL databases support

/** @Entity() */
class Author
{
/**
* @Id()
* @GeneratedValue()
* @Column(type="integer")
*/
private $id;

/** @Column(type="string", length="30") */
private $name;

/** @ReferenceMany(targetDocument="BlogPost") */
private $posts = array();
}

$post = new BlogPost();
$post->setTitle('My First Blog Post');
$post->setBody('Some content...');

$author->setName('Hugo Hamon');
$author->addPost($post);

$em->persist($user);
$em->persist($post);
$dm->flush();

Key abcdef
Hugo
Hamon
Value

FirstName:
Hugo
Column 1

Key abcdef
LastName:
Hamon
Column 2

Role:
Speaker
Column 3

Document
Key

abcdef
Name:
Hugo
Hamon

0:
PHP

Skills
1:
HTML

2:
CSS

Role:
Speaker

•  Cross-platform support

•  Schemaless language

•  BSON type support

•  Binary le storage support (GridFS)

•  Master – slave replication support

•  Sharding (horizontal scaling)

$mongo = new Mongo();

$col = $mongo->selectDb('osidays')->books;

$books = array(
array('title' => 'Da Vinci Code'),
array('title' => 'The Lost Symbol'),
array('title' => 'Digital Fortress'),
);

foreach ($books as $book) {
$collection->insert($book);
}

What’s next…
… for today and tomorrow?

•  ORM Layers for Mongodb
•  Dealing with objects instead of arrays
•  Relationships support
•  Query abstraction
•  GridFS support
•  Query logging & caching

$post = new BlogPost();
$post->setTitle('My First Blog Post');
$post->setBody('Some content...');

$author->setName('Hugo Hamon');
$author->setEmail('hugo@example.com');

$dm->persist($user);
$user->addPost($post);

$dm->flush();

QuesAons?

92-98, boulevard Victor Hugo
92 115 Clichy Cedex
trainings@sensio.com (+33 (0)1 40 99 82 11)

sensiolabs.com - symfony.com – trainings.sensiolabs.com

The History of PHPersistence

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