The sun
Download as PPTX, PDF4 likes2,866 views
The Sun is a G2V type star made of gas and dust from other stars. It is approximately 4.65 billion years old and has a lifetime of another 5.5 billion years. The Sun has different inner layers including a core with a temperature of 15 million Kelvin, a radiative zone, and a convective zone that moves the Sun's mass. The Sun's surface, called the photosphere, is about 5,800 Kelvin and features solar spots. The Sun's outer atmosphere, the corona, reaches temperatures over 20 million Kelvin and features magnetic coronal loops.
The sun
- 1. The Sun David Pender Villalvilla
- 2. Main facts • It is a G2V type spectral star. • It was made from clouds of gas and dust, which had leftovers from other stars. • It weights 1,9891·10³: kg • Its radius is 695.500 km long. • Its average outer temperature is 5.778 K. • It is 149.600.000 km away from the Earth.
- 3. Sun’s life • It was born 4.650 million years ago. • It has fuel for another 5.500 million. • After running out of fuel, it will grow until it becomes a red giant star. • It will finally collapse because of its own weight and become a white dwarf star.
- 4. Energy • It is the main producer of light and heat in the Solar System. • It is produced because of the creation of helium from the fusion of hydrogen atoms. • It takes 8 minutes 19 seconds for the Sun’s light to reach the Earth.
- 5. Structure The Sun has different layers arranged spherically, like an onion. Below, it is shown not only the layers, but all its components.
- 6. Core • Its radius measures 139.000 km. This is a fifth of the solar radius itself. • Its average temperature is about 15 million Kelvin.
- 7. Radiactive zone • It transfers energy by radiation. • Its temperature near the core is 7 million Kelvin. The further part from the core of this zone has a temperature 2 million Kelvin. • This gradient makes impossible to give place to convective movements.
- 8. Convective zone • It goes from the limit of the photosphere to a point 200.000 km underneath it. That is a 70% of the solar radius away from the centre. • It moves solar mass depending on its temperature (convection). The drawing below can help to explain how are they made.
- 9. Photosphere • • • • • It is the Sun’s surface layer. This is the layer that sends out heat and light. It is about 300 km wide. Its temperature is about 5.800 K. Solar spots take place there.
- 10. Solar spots These are places in the photosphere that have less temperature than the mass around it. Two examples of a sight of a solar spot are shown here: Naked eye sight. Close range sight.
- 11. Corona (atmosphere) • It is formed by the weakest layers of the atmosphere. • It is bigger than the star itself. • Temperatures there can reach 20 million Kelvin and there is not an explanation for this yet. • Coronal loops take place there. Corona can be observed during a solar eclipse.
- 12. Coronal loops They are a consequence of a twisted magnetic flux inside the Sun. This is how they are: Close range sight. Magnetic field lines.
- 13. Bibliography • • • • • Sun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun Sol - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sol NUESTRO SOL: ZONA RADIANTE sergiocuartotres.blogspot.com/2009/10/zona-radiante.html Corona - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona Coronal loop - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronal_loop