More Related Content
Similar to Thoracic cavity Relationship (20)
Thoracic cavity Relationship
- 1. By:Mohammed jamal mohammed 2nd G.m S
- 2. Relationship of thorax to Neck, Relationship of thorax to upper limb, Relationship of thorax to abdomen, Relationship of thorax to breasts ; Pleural cavity - Pleura and Lungs My goals
- 4. The Clavicle is a long bone It is horizontally placed
- 5. The medial end of the Clavicle articulates with the manubrium at the Sternoclavicular Joint
- 6. The lateral end of the Clavicle articulates with the acromion of the scapula at the Acromioclavicular Joint
- 7. The Clavicle is divided into thirds along its length Undersurface of Right Clavicle
- 8. Lateral Third The lateral third is flattened and expanded Undersurface of Right Clavicle
- 9. Medial Third The medial third is rounded Undersurface of Right Clavicle
- 10. The Clavicle is curved convex forwards at its medial end Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior
- 11. The Clavicle is concave forwards at its lateral end Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior
- 12. There are a number of impressions on the undersurface Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior
- 13. This area gives attachment to the Trapezoid ligament Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior This is one of the two coracoclavicular ligaments that stabilise the acromioclavicular joint
- 14. This area gives attachment to the Conoid ligament Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior This is one of the two coracoclavicular ligaments that stabilise the acromioclavicular joint
- 15. This area gives attachment to the costoclavicular ligament that arises from the first costal cartilage and first rib Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior It stabilises the sternoclavicular joint
- 17. Manubrium Clavicle Manubrium 1st Rib Costoclavicular Ligament anterior fibres
- 18. Manubrium Clavicle Manubrium 1st Rib Costoclavicular Ligament posterior fibres
- 21. Manubrium Clavicle Manubrium 1st Rib Section through Sternoclavicular Joint
- 22. Manubrium Clavicle Manubrium 1st Rib Section through Sternoclavicular Joint
- 23. Manubrium Clavicle Manubrium 1st Rib Section through Sternoclavicular Joint Articular Disc
- 24. Muscles that attach to the Clavicle
- 25. Muscles that attach to the Clavicle Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior Deltoid
- 26. Muscles that attach to the Clavicle Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior Pectoralis Major
- 27. Muscles that attach to the Clavicle Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior Subclavius
- 28. Muscles that attach to the Clavicle Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior Trapezius
- 29. Muscles that attach to the Clavicle Lateral Medial Posterior Anterior Sternohyoid
- 30. Summary of Muscles that attach to Clavicle Deltoid Pectoralis Major Subclavius Sternohyoid Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius
- 31. Lateral Chest Wall Deltoid Origin Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula Insertion Deltoid tuberosity on lateral shaft of humerus Action Anterior part: flexes and internally rotates arm; Middle part: abducts arm; Posterior part: extends and externally rotates arm Nerve Supply Axillary nerve (C5 and C6) Blood Supply Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery
- 32. Anterior Chest Wall Pectoralis Major Origin Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle; Sternocostal head: anterior surface manubrium & sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, and aponeurosis of external oblique muscle Insertion Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus Action Clavicular head: flexes & adducts arm Sternal head: adducts & internally rotates arm Nerve Supply Lateral and medial pectoral nerves (C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1) Blood Supply pectoral branch of thoracoacromial trunk
- 33. Subclavius Origin Costochondral junction 1st rib Insertion Subclavian groove inferior surface middle clavicle Action Depresses clavicle Nerve Supply Nerve to subclavius C5, 6 Blood Supply Clavicular branch of thoraco-acromial artery and suprascapular artery Anterior Chest Wall
- 34. Posterior Chest Wall Trapezius Origin Medial third of superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae Insertion Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula Action superior fibers elevate, middle fibers retract, and inferior fibers depress scapula Nerve Supply Spinal root of accessory nerve (CN XI) (motor) and cervical nerves (C3 and C4) (pain and proprioception) Blood Supply Transverse cervical artery
- 35. Relationship of thorax to Abdomen
- 36. Abdominal Anatomy The Abdominal Cavity Lies between the diaphragm and the pelvis Bounded by the lower ribs, abdominal muscles, and vertebral column Contains the abdominal viscera (internal organs)
- 37. Abdominal Anatomy Solid Organs ~ more often & easily injured ~ cause rapid death due to large blood supply which causes internal bleeding ~ spleen, liver, kidneys, pancreas Hollow Organs ~ injuries are rare because tubes are hollow ~ assist in transporting substances from one organ to another ~ stomach, gall bladder, sm & lg intestines, bladder
- 38. The Peritoneum A continuous sheath of tissue which covers the entire abdominal cavity and all visceral organs
- 39. TheAbdominal Quadrants The abdomen is divided into 4 regions – or quadrants: RUQ (right upper quadrant), RLQ (right lower quadrant), LUQ (left upper quadrant), LLQ (left lower quadrant) This makes it easier to locate organs in the abdominal cavity
- 40. Right Upper Quadrant Right lobe of liver Gallbladder Right kidney Small Intestine Large Intestine
- 41. Right Lower Quadrant Small Intestine Large Intestine Appendix Right Ovary & Uterus (females) Prostate (males) Ureters
- 42. Left Upper Quadrant Small Intestine Stomach Spleen Left kidney Large Intestine Part of liver & pancreas
- 43. Left Lower Quadrant Small Intestine Portion of bladder Large Intestine Left Ovary & Uterus (females) Prostate (males)
- 45. Rectus abdominis Origin : crest of Pubis Insertion : costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 xiphoid process of sternum Artery : inferior epigastric artery Nerve : segmentally by thoraco-abdominal nerves (T11-T7)
- 46. Abdominal Internal obliquw muscle Origin : inguinal Ligament , iliac crest and the lumbodorsal fascia Insertion : linea alba , pecten pubis (via Conjoint tendon) and ribs 10-12 Artery : Sucostal Arteries Nerve : thoracoabdominal nn ,(T6-T11) Subcostal n (T12),lliohypogastric n . (L1) and llioinguinal n (L1) Action : Compresses abdomen ,unilateral contraction rotates vertebral column to same side
- 47. The Obliquus externus abdominis Origin : Ribs 5-12 Insertion : lliac Crest , Puic tubercle, linea alba Nerve :Thoracoabdominal Nerve (T7-T11) and subcostal Nerve Action : Contralateral rotation of torso
- 48. transverse abdominis Origin : lliac crest , inguinal ligament , thoracolumbar fascia , and costal cartilages 7-12 Insertion : Xiphoid process, linea aiba , pubic crest and pecten pubis via conjoint tendon Artery : Subcostal arteries. Nerve: thoracoabdominal nn ,(T6-T11) Subcostal n (T12),lliohypogastric n . (L1) and llioinguinal n (L1) Action : Compresses abdominal contents
- 49. Anatomy - Thorax Located between the abdomen and the neck Boney structures include: 12 pairs of Ribs Costal cartilage Sternum (breast bone) Xiphoid process Thoracic vertebrae
- 50. Thorax Anatomy Internal Organs: Heart Pumps blood to the body tissues Lungs Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide as blood passes though the lungs Major Arteries/Veins Superior & Inferior AORTA (arter) Superior & Inferior VENA CAVA (vein_ Pulmonary arteries and veins carry blood to/from the heart and lungs
- 51. Thorax Anatomy Heart •Size of your fist •Pumps blood to all parts of the body •Divided into 4 chambers •Upper chambers – right and left atrium •Lower chambers – right and left ventricles •A muscular wall called the septum separates the right side from the left side Each chambers have valves. The valves have different names. •the tricuspid valve is at the exit of the right atrium •the mitral valve is for the left atrium •the pulmonary valve is at the exit of the right ventricle •the aortic valve is at the exit of the left ventricle. Their purpose is to allow
- 52. Thorax Anatomy Lungs Right side has 3 lobes Left has 2 lobes Function To exchange O2 and CO2 To dissipate heat from the body
- 53. Thorax Anatomy Trachea divides into two bronchi Bronchi divide into bronchioles Bronchioles end in alveoli Alveoli are air containing cells of the lungs O2 and CO2 are exchanged here Coughing & sneezing help keep trachea and bronchi clear and remove phlegm and allergy-causing agents from the lungs Respiration Rate oLung function and breathing rate controlled by CO2 receptors oIf there is too much CO2, inhalation occurs to bring in more O2 oExercise increases cell metabolism oCauses cells to need more O2 and eliminate more CO2 oWith exercise lungs ability to exchange air more efficiently increases oBreaths become more deeper and more forceful oReturn to normal breathing quicker
- 54. Thorax Anatomy Pleura Thin lubricated tissue Lines each half of thorax Folded back over the surface of the lung on same side Allow for smooth movement of lungs as they encounter the wall of ribs during inhalation and exhalation
- 55. Thorax anatomy The Diaphragm is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle, that extends across the bottom of the rib cage. The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity (heart, lungs & ribs) from the abdominal cavity performs an important function in respiration: as the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs.
- 56. Thorax Anatomy Soft tissues include: Major muscles Pectoralis muscle Adducts and rotates the arm Raises the ribs in forced inspiration Upper portion flexes the arm Intercostal muscles Elevate and depress ribs Serratus posterior Elevate ribs during inhalation Depress ribs
- 57. Pleural cavity - Pleura and Lungs
- 63. Q/Do men have mammary gland ? Yes Or No
- 64. Both men and women have mammary glands, but these milk-producing glands are undeveloped and typically nonfunctional in males.
- 65. Pleurae (Pleural cavity) Each pleura consists of two layers: A visceral layer which is adherent to the lung and a parietal layer which lines the inner aspect of the chest wall, diaphragm and sides of the pericardium and mediastinum.
- 66. Pleurae (Pleural cavity) • The parietal and visceral layers of pleura are separated from one another by a slitlike space, called pleural cavity • The pleural cavity contains a small amount of pleural fluid …which acts as a lubricant decreasing friction between the pleurae.
- 68. Pleurae (The parietal layer) The costal pleura lines the inner surfaces of the ribs, the costal cartilages, the intercostal spaces, the sides of the vertebral bodies, and the back of the sternum
- 69. Pleurae (The parietal layer) The diaphragmatic pleura covers the thoracic surface of the diaphragm The mediastinal pleura covers and forms the lateral boundary of the mediastinum
- 70. Pleurae Blood Supply Visceral pleura--- Artery supplied by bronchial and pulmonary arterial systems. The parietal pleura--- Artery supply is from various systemic arterial supply the chest wall, diaphragm, and mediastinum.
- 71. Pleurae venous drainage Visceral pleura--- Veins drain is pulmonary vein. The parietal pleura--- Vein is to the superior vena cava.
- 72. Pleurae Nerve Supply The parietal pleura is sensitive to pain, temperature, touch, and pressure The parietal pleura is innervated by both somatic and sympathetic and parasympathetic fiber via the intercostal nerve.
- 73. Pleurae Nerve Supply The parietal pleura is supplied as follows: The costal pleura is segmentally supplied by the intercostal nerves. The mediastinal pleura is supplied by the phrenic nerve. The diaphragmatic pleura is supplied over the domes by the phrenic nerve and around the periphery by the lower six intercostal nerves.
- 74. Pleurae Nerve Supply The visceral pleura covering the lungs is sensitive to stretch but is insensitive to common sensations such as pain and touch. It receives an autonomic nerve supply from the pulmonary plexus.