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Types of decision support system
- 1. TYPES of DSSTYPESof DSS
- 2. ObjectivesObjectives Describe seven basictypes of DSS.Describe seven basic types of DSS. Discuss different categories of DSS.Discuss different categories of DSS. Based on supportBased on support Based on nature of decision situationBased on nature of decision situation Based on number of usersBased on number of users Understand where different types of DSS fit intoUnderstand where different types of DSS fit into Simon’s model of decision making.Simon’s model of decision making.
- 3. The DSS HierarchyTheDSS Hierarchy Suggestion systemsSuggestion systems Optimization systemsOptimization systems Representational modelsRepresentational models Accounting modelsAccounting models Analysis informationAnalysis information systemssystems Data analysis systemsData analysis systems File drawer systemsFile drawer systems
- 4. File Drawer SystemsFileDrawer Systems They are the simplest type of DSS Can provide access to data items Data is used to make a decision ATM Machine Use the balance to make transfer of funds decisions
- 5. Data Analysis SystemsDataAnalysis Systems Provide access to data Allows data manipulation capabilities Airline Reservation system No more seats available Provide alternative flights you can use Use the info to make flight plans
- 6. Analysis Information SystemsAnalysisInformation Systems Information from several files are combined Some of these files may be external We have a true “data base” The information from one file, table, can be combined with information from other files to answer a specific query.
- 7. Accounting ModelsAccounting Models Useinternal accounting data Provide accounting modeling capabilities Can not handle uncertainty Use Bill of Material – Calculate production cost – Make pricing decisions
- 8. Representational ModelRepresentational Model Canincorporate uncertainty Uses models to solve decision problem using forecasts Can be used to augment the capabilities of Accounting models Use the demand data to forecast next years demand Use the results to make inventory decisions.
- 9. Optimization SystemsOptimization Systems Usedto estimate the effects of different decision alternative Based on optimization models Can incorporate uncertainty Assign sales force to territory Provide the best assignment schedule
- 10. Suggestion SystemsSuggestion Systems Adescriptive model used to suggest to the decision maker the best action A prescriptive model used to suggest to the decision maker the best action May incorporate an Expert System Use the system to recommend a decision Ex: Applicant applies for personal loan
- 11. DSS CategoriesDSS Categories Support-basedcategories (Alter 1980)Support-based categories (Alter 1980) – Data-based DSSData-based DSS – Model-based DSSModel-based DSS Nature of the decision situation (Donovan &Nature of the decision situation (Donovan & Madnick 1977)Madnick 1977) – InstitutionalInstitutional – Ad hocAd hoc User-based categories (Keen 1980)User-based categories (Keen 1980) – IndividualIndividual – Multi-individualMulti-individual – GroupGroup
- 12. DSS CategoriesDSS Categories Supportbased DSSSupport based DSS Data-based DSSData-based DSS Model-based DSSModel-based DSS Structured Semi-structure Unstructured Model-based DSS Data-based DSS
- 13. DSS CategoriesDSS Categories Basedon the nature of the decision situationBased on the nature of the decision situation InstitutionalInstitutional Culture of the organizationCulture of the organization Regularly usedRegularly used Used by more than one personsUsed by more than one persons Ad hocAd hoc One of kindOne of kind One-time useOne-time use Used by single individualUsed by single individual
- 14. DSS CategoriesDSS Categories Basedon number of usersBased on number of users IndividualIndividual Multi-individualMulti-individual GroupGroup Benefits Individual Multi- individual Group Improving personal efficiency H H L Expediting problem solving L M H Facilitating communication L L H Promoting learning M H H Increasing control L H M
- 15. Simon’s ModelSimon’s Model ProblemIdentification Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Analysis Decision External Internal AI, EIS ES DbDSS, MbDSS GDSS ES DSS Intelligence Design Choice
- 16. Usage ModesUsage Modes SubscriptionMode Terminal Mode Clerk Mode Intermediary Mode
- 17. Subscription ModelSubscription Model Decisionmaker receives outputs from the DSS on regular basis
- 18. Terminal ModeTerminal Mode Directuse of the DSS by the decision maker Access is through individual terminals May be user specific requirements
- 19. Clerk ModeClerk Mode Decisionmaker fills out a form requesting output from DSS A clerk accesses the DSS Sends the output to the decision maker
- 20. Intermediary ModeIntermediary Mode Decisionmaker uses the DSS with the help of a professional, knowledgeable assistant The assistant can be either a: – Staff Assistant – Technical Support Staff – Business Analyst