Vinayak's project physics ch1 motion .pptx
- 1. TOPICS TO BE COVERED • REST AND MOTION • SCALER AND VECTOR QUANTITIES • DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT • UNIFORM AND NON UNIFORM • SPEED • EQUATIONS OF MOTION • GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF MOTION • CIRCULAR MOTION Made by : Vinayak Bhumare Technical Supporter: Samyak Gawai Guided by: Susheela Rani Mam VKP STUDIES
- 2. TOPICS TO BE COVERED • Rest And Motion • Scalar And Vector Quantity • Distance And Displacement • Speed And Velocity • Uniform and non uniform • Acceleration • Graphical Representation Of Motion • Equations of Motion • Uniform Circular Motion Types Of Motion
- 3. REST AND MOTION Motion :- A body is said to be in Motion when it’s position change with time respect to the observer . Rest :- A body is said to be at REST if it does not change its position with respect to the observer .
- 4. SCALER AND VECTOR QUANTITIES • Physical quantities with which we can associate only magnitude this numbers are called scalar quantities. • Physical quantities with which we can associate magnitude i.e. Numbers with directions also are known as Vector Quantities.
- 5. DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT • Distance :- • It has no fixed direction . • It is a scalar quantity. • It is the actual path length covered. • It’s SI unit is meter ( m ). • Displacement :- • It lies all in positive , negative and zero. • It is a Vector Quantity . • It is the shortest path length covered. • It has a fixed direction . The displacement of an object when it moves from a given position to another position .
- 6. NUMERICALS FOR SELF PRACTICE 1. A body travels a distance 8m from A to B , then moves a distance of 6m at right angles to Ab . What is the total distance . 2. A body covers one revolution around a circular park of a circumference 176m in 4minutes . Find the displacement of the body after 6 minutes . 3. A person moves on a semicircular track of radius 42m during a morning walk . He starts at one end of the track and reaches the other end . Find the distance covered and the displacement of the person .
- 7. SPEED • Speed :-. Distance travelled per unit time . Ratio of distance travelled to the time taken is called speed . Rate of change of distance . Scaler Quantity For Ex. Speed = 1km/h = 1000/3600 1km/h = 5/18 m/s
- 8. SPEED • Uniform speed :- If an object covers equal distances of time in equal intervals of time . • Non – Uniform speed :- If an object covers unequal distances of time in equal intervals of time . • Instantaneous speed :- The speed of an object at any instant of time is called it’s instantaneous speed . • Average speed :- Ratio of total distance travelled by the object to the total time taken. Average speed = Total Distance Travelled Total Time Taken
- 9. NUMERICAL PROBLEMS 1. An object travels 16m in 4s and then another 16m in 2s . What is the average speed of the object ? Average speed = Total distance travelled Total time taken = 16m + 16m 4s + 2s = 32m / 6s = 16 /3 m
- 10. NUMERICAL FOR SELF PRACTICE 1. A train is moving with a speed of 72km/h . What is its speed in m/s ? 2. A train 40m long passes over a bridge 200m long at a speed of 36km/h . How long will it take to pass completely over the bridge ? 3. A boy starts running from his house with a uniform speed and takes 1 hour to reach the playground . If the distance between his house and the playground is 3.6km , calculate its speed (i) km/h , (ii) m/s . 4. A car covers the first half of the distance between two places at a speed of 40km/h and the second half at the speed of 60km/h. Calculate the average speed during the whole journey . 5. A car gave reading of distance of distance 2000 km at the start of the trip and 2288 km at the end of the trip . If the trip took 8hours , calculate the average speed of the car m/s .
- 11. VELOCITY Velocity :- Displacement covered per unit time is called as velocity . Velocity = Displacement Time rate of change of displacement is known as velocity . Rate of change of displacement in the time called displacement. Velocity is the vector quantity . Unit :- m/s , cm/s
- 12. VELOCITY Uniform Velocity :- If the magnitude as well as the direction of an object remains ten it is known as uniform velocity . Non Uniform Velocity :- If either of magnitude or direction of its velocity changes then the velocity is known as non uniform velocity. Instantaneous Velocity :- Velocity of an object at a particular instant of time is known as instantaneous velocity . Average Velocity :- The ratio of the total displacement to the total time taken is known as average speed . Average speed = Displacement Time
- 13. SPEED VS VELOCITY Speed. • Speed is the rate of change of distance . • Speed is the scaler quantity . • Speed is measured in only positive and 0 . It is never negative . Velocity • Velocity is the Rate of change of velocity . • Velocity is a vector quantity. • Velocity is measured in positive , negative and zero magnitude .
- 14. ACCELERATION It is defined as the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. Acceleration (a) = Change in velocity (∆v) = final velocity (v)– intial velocity(u) a = v – u Change in time (∆t) time interval (t) t It is a vector quantity. SI Unit of acceleration is m/s^2 . If velocity of an object decreases with the time then it is said retardation.
- 15. ACCELERATION Uniform Acceleration :- If an object travels in a straight line and it’s velocity increases or decreases by equal amounts in equal intervals of time , then the object is said to be in a uniform acceleration. Non Uniform Acceleration :- If the velocity of an object increases or decreases by unequal amounts in equal intervals of time , then the object is said to be in a non uniform acceleration.
- 16. NUMERICAL PROBLEMS FOR SELF PRACTICE 1. A scooter acquires a speed of 36km/h in 5 s just after the start . Calculate the acceleration of the scooter . 2. From rest , ram starts his cycle and attains velocity of 6m/s in 30s . Calculate acceleration . 3. Find the initial velocity of a car which is stopped in 10s by applying brakes. The retardation due to the brakes is 2.5 m/𝑠2 . 4. A moving train is brought to rest within 20s by applying brakes . Find the initial velocity if the retardation due to brakes is 2m/𝑠2 . 5. A body starts to slide over a horizontal surface with an initial velocity of 0.5m/s. Due to friction , its velocity decreases at the rate of 0.5m/𝑠2. How much time will it take for the body to stop ?
- 17. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF MOTION 1. Distance time graph for a stationary body. 2. Distance time graph for uniform velocity. 3. Distance time graph for variable velocity.
- 18. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF MOTION 1. Velocity time graph for uniform velocity. 2. Velocity time graph for uniform acceleration . 3. Velocity time graph for variable acceleration .
- 19. EQUATIONS OF MOTION 1. V = u + at 2. S = ut + 2 1 a𝑡2 3. 𝑣2 = 𝑢2 + 2as
- 20. UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION • UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION :- When a body moves along a circular path with uniform speed , its motion is called ‘ UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION ‘ . The motion is accelerated due to the change in direction and not due to the change in magnitude .
- 21. T H A N K Y O U
Editor's Notes
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