Warm-blooded and Cold-blooded Animals
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This document discusses and compares warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals. Cold-blooded animals, such as reptiles, amphibians, and fish, have body temperatures that fluctuate with the external environment. Their activity levels depend on temperature. Warm-blooded animals, including mammals and birds, maintain a constant internal temperature through metabolic processes and can live in a wide range of environments. Both types have advantages and disadvantages related to energy use and temperature regulation. Examples of common cold-blooded and warm-blooded species are also provided.
Warm-blooded and Cold-blooded Animals
- 1. Warm-blooded and Cold- blooded animals warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals involves the body temperature of the animal. EDT 1301 Anis Shuhada binti Mohd Hadri (1522232) Farah Hamiza binti Abd Ghani (1521344)
- 2. COLD BLOODED ANIMALS WARM BLOODED ANIMALS REPTILES INSECTS FISH BOA ANTS SALMON IGUANA BEES SHARKS RED EARED SLIDERS BUTTERFLIES GOLDFISH TURTLES BEETLES SWORDFISH MAMMALS BIRDS OTHERS BEAR DUCK WHALES MOUSE CHICKEN KANGAROO LION OSTRICH PANDA DOGS SEAGULL GIRAFFE What is cold-blooded animals? What is warm-blooded animals?
- 3. Cold-blooded animals • Cold-blooded animals, like reptiles, amphibians, and fish, become hotter and colder, depending on the temperature outside. • For example, when the sun sets at night, their bodies are cooler because it is less warm outside. When the sun is out, however, their bodies soak up the heat and become warmer. • Cold-blooded animals are much more active in warm environments and are very sluggish in cold environments. This is because their muscle activity depends on chemical reactions which run quickly when it is hot and slowly when it is cold. • A cold-blooded animal can convert much more of its food into body mass compared with a warm-blooded animal.
- 4. How do cold-blooded animals maintain their body temperature? • Cold-blooded animals often like to bask in the sun to warm up and increase their metabolism. They will also expand their rib cage to increase their surface area and will darken their skin to absorb more heat. • When a reptile is too hot, it will lie parallel to the sun's rays, go into a shady area, open its mouth wide, lighten its skin color or burrow into cool soil. • Fish who live in areas where the winters are cold move to deeper waters during the colder months or migrate to warmer waters. • Snakes, lizards, toads, frogs, salamanders and most turtles will hibernate during cool winters. • Some insects die when it gets too cold, however others survive by migrating to warmer areas or moving underground.
- 5. The advantages • Cold-blooded animals require much less energy to survive than warm- blooded animals do. Mammals and birds require much more food and energy than do cold-blooded animals of the same weight. • The ratio of a body's surface area to its mass is less the larger the animal is. This means that larger warm-blooded animals can generate more heat than they loose and more easily keep their body temperatures stable
- 6. The disadvantages • A cold-blooded animal's level of activity depends upon the temperature of its surroundings. • A reptile, for example, will increase its body temperature before hunting and is better able to escape predators when it is warm. • Cold-blooded animals also need to be warm and active to find a mate and reproduce.
- 7. Warm-blooded animals • Warm-blooded animals keep the inside of their bodies at a constant temperature. • They generate their own heat when they are in a cooler environment, and by cooling themselves when they are in a hotter environment. • It generates heat by burning the food you eat. Thus, they have to eat a lot of food. • Only a small amount of the food that a warm-blooded animal eats is converted into body mass. • The rest is used to fuel a constant body temperature.
- 8. How do warm-blooded animals maintain their body temperature? • When overheated, mammals sweat or pant to allow evaporation to take away excess heat. • Some mammals have body parts designed to prevent overheating. For example, elephants have huge ears that radiate heat, keeping the elephant comfortable in scorching temperatures. • They also reduce their temperature by entering water or finding shade. • In extreme cold, warm-blooded animals shiver to generate heat • Furred mammals have thick, insulating winter coats but shed them to avoid overheating in the spring and summer. • Birds get rid of excess body heat by breathing it out.
- 9. The advantages • Warm-blooded animals can live in almost any surface environment on Earth, like in arctic regions or on high mountains. • Easy to survive everywhere • They can make their own body heat even when it is cold outside • Warm-blooded animals can remain active, seek food, and defend themselves in a wide range of outdoor temperatures.
- 10. The disadvantages • Warm-blooded animals’ body provides a nice warm environment for viruses, bacteria and parasites to live in. • Mammals and birds tend to have more problems with these infections. • Heat is a very serious problem for small warm-blooded animals
- 11. BOA • The boa constrictor also called red-tailed boa, is a species of large, heavy-bodied snake. • Boas are nonvenomous constrictors found in tropical Central and South America. • Like their anaconda cousins, they are excellent swimmers, but prefer to stay on dry land, living primarily in hollow logs and abandoned mammal burrows. Did you know? Some South Americans keep boas in their houses to control rat infestations.
- 12. IGUANA • Iguanas are lizards identified by their stocky stature, the saggy skin on their throats and the spines that protrude from their heads, necks, backs and tails. • The outside temperature is what keeps them warm since they have no way to regulate internal heat with their own bodies. • These lizards are found in Mexico, Central and South America, the Galápagos Islands, on some of the Caribbean islands, Fiji and Madagascar.
- 13. RED-EARED SLIDERS• They are almost entirely aquatic, but as they are cold-blooded, they leave the water to sunbathe to regulate their temperature. • Red-eared sliders get their name from the small red stripe around their ears.. The "slider" in their name comes from their ability to slide off rocks and logs and into the water quickly. It is the most popular pet turtle in the United States and is also popular as a pet in the rest of the world.
- 14. TURTLES • Turtles are classified as amniotes, along with other reptiles, birds, and mammals. Like other amniotes, turtles breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater, although many species live in or around water. • Their internal temperature varies according to the ambient environment. Click to see happy turtle
- 15. ANTS• Ants typically live in structured nest communities that may be located underground, in ground- level mounds, or in trees. • Ants can lift and carry more than three times their own weight. Further readings: http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/bu gs/ant/
- 16. BEE • All honeybees are social and cooperative insects. • The queen's job is simple— laying the eggs that will spawn the hive's next generation of bees. There is usually only a single queen in a hive. If the queen dies, workers will create a new queen.
- 18. BUTTERFLY• Butterflies have the typical four- stage insect life cycle. - Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. - The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. - When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it flies off.
- 19. BEETLE • Beetles are a group of insects that form the order Coleoptera, in the superorder Endopterygota. • Their front pair of wings is hardened into wing- cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. • Beetles play many roles in human culture, from the sacred scarabs of ancient Egypt to beetlewing art and use as pets or fighting insects for entertainment and gambling.
- 20. SALMON • Salmon is considered to be healthy due to the fish's high protein, high omega-3 fatty acids, and high vitamin D content. • Salmon is also a source of cholesterol, with a range of 23– 214 mg/100 g depending on the species. • They are born in fresh water, migrate to the ocean, then return to fresh water to reproduce. Salmon is a popular food.
- 21. SHARKS • Sharks have adapted to living in a wide range of aquatic habitats at various temperatures. • Most sharks are especially active in the evening and night when they hunt. • Some sharks migrate over great distances to feed and breed. • Sharks mature slowly, and reach reproductive age anywhere from 12 to 15 years. • This, combined with the fact that many species only give birth to one or two pups at a time, means that sharks have great difficulty recovering after their populations have declined. Click here!
- 22. GOLDFISH • The goldfish is one of the smallest fish. • Despite it being available throughout the year and day, it is actually quite rare. • It can be found in the river. It has a tiny shadow and is 15 centimeters long. • It was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated, and is one of the most commonly kept aquarium fish.
- 23. SWORDFISH • The Swordfish offers a very interesting body. • They have the long bill that looks similar to a sword and that is where their name derives from. • They are very predatory fish and they are also a class that many sport fishermen love to be able to capture. • The long bill is very sharp and it helps them to remain left alone from other forms of aquatic life. • When they are threatened though they can use it to help them to have some type of defense against the predator.
- 24. BEARS • Some species of Asiatic bear build nests in the trees. They can use these for hiding, eating and even sleeping. • Bears have great senses of smell, sight and hearing. A bear can smell food, cubs, a mate or danger from miles away. • They also rely on other bears' sense of smell when they mark their territory with urine and droppings. • Bears have two layers of fur. A short layer of fur keeps the bear warm. And a long layer keeps water away from the skin and short fur. • The shape of a bear’s claw differs according to the type of bear. Bears can run up to 40 miles per hour, fast enough to catch a running horse.
- 25. LIONS• Lions are the only big cats to live in groups, called prides. They work together to defend territory and hunt. • The females in the pride tend to do the majority of the hunting. They work as a group and use intelligent hunting tactics to catch prey. • Lions enjoy relaxing and lazing around. They spend between 16 and 20 hours each day resting and sleeping. • They have few sweat glands so they wisely tend to conserve their energy by resting during the day and become more active at night when it is cooler. • Lions have terrific night vision. They are 6 times more sensitive to light than humans. This gives them a distinct advantage over some prey species when hunting at night. • Lions communicate through a range of behaviours and their expressive movements are very highly developed.
- 26. MOUSE • The mouse is a small rodent that is spread widely throughout nearly every country. • There are nearly 40 different known species of mouse found throughout the world. The different mouse species range in size and colour. • Mice are usually nocturnal animals. They have poor eyesight but make up for this with their very good hearing and smell. • The mouse is often easy prey around the world. Due to this the mouse generally does not live for much longer than a few months in the wild Mice tails can grow as long as their bodies.
- 27. DOGS • A dog’s sense of smell is 10,000 better than human. They can even use this super sense to detect diseases such as cancers and diabetes. • Dogs only have sweat glands in their paws. This helps to wet the bottom of their feet on a hot day, and it’s also why dogs rely on panting as a means of cooling down. • Dog’s nose print is as unique in identifying them as our fingerprint is to us. • Dogs are capable of locating the source of a sound by using their swiveling ears like radar dishes. Futher readings: http://www.vetstreet.com/dogs/
- 28. DUCK • Ducks are omnivores. They feed on aquatic plants, small fish, insects, worms, grubs and more. • Ducks can live from 2-12 years, depending on species • Ducks have water-proof feathers. There is a special gland that produces oil near the duck's tail which spreads and covers the outer coat of the duck's feathers, making it water-proof. Beneath the water- proof coat are fluffy and soft feathers to keep the duck warm. • Some species of ducks migrate or travel long distances every year to breed. • Ducks are found everywhere in the world except the Antarctica which is too cold for them. • Ducklings are able to fly within 5-8 weeks. • The production of eggs are affected by daylight. When there is more daylight, the ducks will lay more eggs.
- 29. CHICKEN • Chickens form complex social groups and communicate using over 30 types of calls. • The male is called a rooster. The female is called a hen while the young are called chicks. • The male has a larger comb compared to the female. The live span of a chicken is about 10 to 15 years. • The male is larger and more brightly colored than the female. • Roosters perform a little dance called ‘tidbitting’ in which they make sounds (food calls) and move their head up and down, picking up and dropping a bit of food.
- 30. OSTRICH• Even though it has wings, it can't fly, but it help a lot to balance when the ostrich is running at full speed and needs to change directions. • The ostrich is famous for its speed on the ground. Its powerful legs enable it to reach speeds of 40 miles per hour. • Ostriches have three stomachs. • Ostriches sometimes eat stones and pebbles which help them to digest their food. • Ostriches don’t really bury their heads in the sand. They do lie on the ground and stretch their necks out to hide when trouble appears. • The ostrich has the largest eye of any land animal, measuring almost 5 cm allowing predators such as lions to be seen at long distances. The ostrich is the largest bird in the world
- 31. SEAGULLS • Seagulls are omnivores. • Seagulls can drink both fresh and salt water because they have a special pair of glands right above their eyes to flush the salt. • A small claw halfway up their lower leg enables them to sit and roost on high ledges without being blown off. • They eat fish, squid, shellfish and mussels. They also eat bugs and earthworms. • Seagulls make nests simply by hollowing out a soft spot in the sand. They try to choose an area near grass, rocks or logs for protection.
- 32. WHALES• The tongue alone of a blue whale can weigh as much as an elephant. • Whales breathe air as we do. • Therefore, they need to reach the surface of the ocean to breathe. • When they reach the surface, they take air in through this blowhole. • Whales can swim as fast as 30 miles per hour. • Some Whales can stay underwater for as long as 90 minutes. • They travel alone or in groups, or pods, on their annual migrations. • There are two types of whales. • Baleen whales have a comb-like fringe, called a baleen, on the upper jaw. They are the largest species of whale. • Toothed whales have teeth. They sense their surrounding environment through echolocation. The blue whale is the largest animal on Earth.
- 33. KANGAROO • Kangaroos are large marsupials found only in Australia. • Kangaroos are the only animals that hop. Their springy hind legs and feet are much stronger and larger than their arms. • Kangaroos are grazing herbivores. Their diet consists mainly of grasses. They can survive long periods without water. • Kangaroos live in varied habitats, from forests and woodland areas to grassy plains and savannas. • Kangaroos are social and live in groups called a mob, a herd or a troop. If a kangaroo suspects there is danger in the area, it will stomp its foot on the ground to alert others. • A female kangaroo is pregnant for 21 to 38 days, give birth to up to four offspring at one time. • At birth, the baby can be as small as a grain of rice, or as big as a bee.
- 34. PANDA • Giant pandas live in bamboo forests in remote mountainous regions of western China. • Giant pandas have broad paws with furry undersides and long retractile claws that help them grip when climbing trees. • Giant pandas are omnivores, which means their diet consists of both vegetation and meat. However, bamboo is by far their favourite food. • Baby pandas are born pink and measure about 15cm. • They are also born blind and only open their eyes six to eight weeks after birth. • They do no hibernate during winter months, but instead may migrate short distances. • They are shy animals that prefer to live alone.
- 35. GIRAFFE • Giraffe is the tallest mammal in the world. • Giraffes spend most of their lives standing up. They even sleep and give birth standing up. • Giraffes are sociable, peaceful animals which rarely fight. • No two giraffes have the same spot pattern. • Giraffe tongues are huge to allow giraffes to forage on trees. • When giraffes walk, they move both legs on one side of their body and then both legs on the other side. • These long legs allow giraffes to run as fast as 35 miles an hour over short distances and cruise comfortably at 10 miles an hour over longer distances. • A swift kick from one of their long legs can do serious damage to—or even kill—an unlucky lion.
- 36. Yeayyy! It’s time for quiz!
- 37. Do bears have two layers of fur? YES NO
- 38. Yes! You got it right! Next question
- 39. Nope. The answer is incorrect! Try again. Next question
- 40. Are salmon born in lake, migrate to the ocean, then return to fresh water to reproduce? YES NO
- 41. The answer is no. Salmon are born in fresh water. Next question
- 42. Good job! Salmon is not born in the lake Next question
- 43. Do giraffes have the same spot pattern? YES NO
- 44. Oppss! The answer is wrong. No two giraffes have the same spot. Next question
- 45. Correct! No two giraffes have the same spot. Next question
- 46. Can ants lift and carry more than three times their own weight? YES NO
- 47. Well-done! You got it! Next question
- 48. Oppsss! Try harder. Ants can lift and carry more than three times their own weight. Next question
- 49. T The female chicken is larger and more brightly colored than the male chicken? YES NO
- 50. Whoppsss! The answer is No. The male chicken is larger and more brightly colored than the female chicken.