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Access Shadow Password Database in Python
To access the UNIX shadow password database, we should use the spwd module. We need enough privileges to access this file. The shadow password database entries are like tuple like object.
To use the spwd module, we should import it using −
import spwd
The attributes of the shadow password database are −
| Index | Attribute & Description |
|---|---|
| 0 |
sp_nam The Login Name or the username of the user |
| 1 |
sp_pwd The Encrypted password |
| 2 |
sp_lstchg Date of last change |
| 3 |
sp_min Minimal number of days between changes of the password |
| 4 |
sp_max Maximum number of days between changes of the password |
| 5 |
sp_warn Warn about number of days to change the password |
| 6 |
sp_inact Number of days after the password expires until block of the account |
| 7 |
p_expire Number of days from 01/01/1997 until account is disabled |
| 8 |
sp_flag Reserved |
Some methods of this module are −
Method spwd.getspnam(name)
This method will return the shadow password database entry for the given user name.
Method spwd.getspall()
This method will return the all available shadow password database entry.
Example Code
import spwd
print("Root: " + str(spwd.getspnam('root')) + '\n') #Password detail for root
for entry in spwd.getspall():
   print("Name: " + entry[0] + "\t\tPassword: " + entry.sp_pwdp)
Output
(To get the desired output, we should run the script in sudo mode)
$ sudo python3 example.py Root: spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp='root', sp_pwdp='!', sp_lstchg=17778, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1) ??.. ??.. ??.. Name: geoclue      Password: * Name: gnome-initial-setup      Password: * Name: gdm      Password: * Name: unix_user      Password: $6$47n9s0Ep$znWkgNtywebHGKq2o6kZKhGOM8ryp8z4/6P6PUE1m.NQ5Erg9aWncNUAGbuNLFNWUO9M9xzKLxRpFGB5md/nu1 Name: mongodb      Password: !
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