Graph consists of vertices and edges which is a non-linear data structure. In this article, we will discuss the most common and popular problems of graphs in Data Structures and Algorithms. We are covering basic to advanced-level problems which will help you to learn the whole concept in a structured manner. Here are the graph data structure problems from the basics to the advanced level − Fundamentals Problems Here are the basic problems of Graph Data structure − BFS Implementation DFS Implementation Graph Coloring Graph Representation Minimum Spanning Trees (Kruskal's) Minimum Spanning Trees (Prim's) Print Adjacency List Union-Find Data ... Read More

In complex systems involving multiple processes and shared resources, the potential for deadlocks arises when processes wait for each other to release resources, causing a standstill. The resulting deadlocks can cause severe issues in computer systems, such as performance degradation and even system crashes. To prevent such problems, the technique of deadlock avoidance is employed. It entails scrutinizing the requests made by processes for resources and evaluating the available resources to determine if the grant of such requests would lead to a deadlock. In cases where granting a request would result in a deadlock, the system denies the request. Deadlock ... Read More

Tables and figures are both visual aids that are used to make data and information more accessible and understandable. The primary distinction between tables and figures is how information is displayed. A table is used to display data in a numerical or categorical. It is a structured collection of data that is organized in rows and columns. It is used to compare the two or more sets of data. A figure is a graphical representation of data such as map, graph, image, or illustration. They're especially useful for communicating complex information or data that's delicate to describe verbally. ... Read More

Let us understand the concepts of Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Access before learning the differences between them.Microsoft AccessIt is a database management system offered by Microsoft which puts together the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user interface and software development tools.AdvantagesThe advantages of Microsoft Access are as follows −Table structure and normalization through multiple tables − In a database you can store more information in one place and you use the address as a reference in many places.Records are free − The major difference between Microsoft excels and Microsoft access is that in a database records are ... Read More

Both Trees and Graphs are types of non−linear data structures. They are different from each other in the context of their types of connections and loop formation. That means, a tree structure is connected such that it can never have loops, whereas a graph structure follows a network model and may have loops. Read this article to find out more about Tress and Graphs and how they are different from each other. What is Tree? A Tree is a non−linear data structure that is used to represent hierarchy. It is a set of nodes that are joined together to ... Read More

Both sequence diagrams and activity diagrams are commonly used in software engineering to model the interactions and flows within a system. They are also useful in other fields, such as business process modeling, to model and analyze the flow of activities or interactions within a business process. Read this article to find out more about sequence diagrams and activity diagrams and how they are different from each other. What is Sequence Diagram? A sequence diagram is a diagram in that is used in representing the sequence of messages flowing from one object to another. The main objective of a sequence ... Read More

The graph is a non-linear data-structure, which consists finite number of nodes and a set of edges which are used to connect a pair of nodes. The graphs are used to solve some real-time problems to represent network etc. In different social networks, the graphs are used. In this Section We are going to cover − Bi-Connected Graph Checking Breadth First Search (BFS) for a Graph Bridges in a Graph Check if a given graph is tree or not Connectivity in a directed graph Depth First Search (DFS) for a Graph Detect Cycle in a an Undirected Graph Detect ... Read More

Bellman-Ford algorithm is used to find minimum distance from the source vertex to any other vertex. The main difference between this algorithm with Dijkstra’s the algorithm is, in Dijkstra’s algorithm we cannot handle the negative weight, but here we can handle it easily.Bellman-Ford algorithm finds the distance in a bottom-up manner. At first, it finds those distances which have only one edge in the path. After that increase the path length to find all possible solutions.Input and OutputInput: The cost matrix of the graph: 0  6  ∞ 7  ∞ ∞  0  5 8 -4 ∞ -2  0 ∞  ∞ ∞ ... Read More

A graph is given; we have to check the given graph is a star graph or not.By traversing the graph, we have to find the number of vertices has degree one, and number of vertices, whose degree is n-1. (Here n is the number of vertices in the given graph). When the number of vertices with degree 1 is n-1 and a number of vertices with a degree (n-1) is one, then it is a star graph.Input and OutputInput: The adjacency matrix: 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Output: ... Read More

Transitive Closure it the reachability matrix to reach from vertex u to vertex v of a graph. One graph is given, we have to find a vertex v which is reachable from another vertex u, for all vertex pairs (u, v).The final matrix is the Boolean type. When there is a value 1 for vertex u to vertex v, it means that there is at least one path from u to v.Input and OutputInput: 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 Output: The matrix of transitive closure 1 1 1 ... Read More