Use Switch Statement with Enum in Java

Enumeration (enum) in Java is a datatype which stores a set of constant values. You can use enumerations to store fixed values such as days in a week, months in a year etc.

enum Days {
   SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY
}

You can also define an enumeration with custom values to the constants declared. But you need to have an instance variable, a constructor and getter method to return values.

Using enumeration with switch

A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values. Each value is called a case, and the variable being switched on is checked for each case

Syntax

switch(expression) {
   case value :
      // Statements
      break;
   case value :
      // Statements
      break;
      // You can have any number of case statements.
   default :
      // Statements
}

With the switch statement you can use int, char or, enum types. Usage of any other types generates a compile time error.

Example

Let us create an enum with 5 constants representing models of 5 different scoters with their prices as values, as shown below −

enum Scoters {
   //Constants with values
   ACTIVA125(80000), ACTIVA5G(70000), ACCESS125(75000), VESPA(90000), TVSJUPITER(75000);
   //Instance variable
   private int price;
   //Constructor to initialize the instance variable
   Scoters(int price) {
      this.price = price;
   }
   //Static method to display the price
   public static void getPrice(int model){
      Scoters constants[] = Scoters.values();
      System.out.println("Price of: "+constants[model]+" is "+constants[model].price);
   }
}

Following Java program retrieves the prices of all the vehicles using switch case.

public class EnumExample {
   Scoters sc;
   public EnumExample(Scoters sc) {
      this.sc = sc;
   }
   public void displayPrice() {
      switch (sc) {
         case Activa125:
            Scoters.getPrice(0);
            break;
         case Activa5G:
            Scoters.getPrice(1);
            break;
         case Access125:
            Scoters.getPrice(2);
            break;
         case Vespa:
            Scoters.getPrice(3);
            break;
         case TVSJupiter:
            Scoters.getPrice(4);
            break;
         default:
            System.out.println("Model not found");
            break;
      }
   }
   public static void main(String args[]) {
      EnumExample activa125 = new EnumExample(Scoters.ACTIVA125);
      activa125.displayPrice();
      EnumExample activa5G = new EnumExample(Scoters.ACTIVA5G);
      activa5G.displayPrice();
      EnumExample access125 = new EnumExample(Scoters.ACCESS125);
      access125.displayPrice();
      EnumExample vespa = new EnumExample(Scoters.VESPA);
      vespa.displayPrice();
      EnumExample tvsJupiter = new EnumExample(Scoters.TVSJUPITER);
      tvsJupiter.displayPrice();
   }
}

Output

Price of: ACTIVA125 is 80000
Price of: ACTIVA5G is 70000
Price of: ACCESS125 is 75000
Price of: VESPA is 90000
Price of: TVSJUPITER is 75000