SpringCloud：服务消费（Feign）

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-09 14:21:48 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-06-09 14:21:48 发布 · 371 阅读

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#springcloud #feign

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本文介绍Feign声明式Web客户端的使用方法，包括如何整合Ribbon实现负载均衡及Hystrix实现断路器。通过创建Feign工程，引入核心依赖，配置启动类注解，创建Feign服务接口，定义控制类，最终实现调用远程服务。

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1、Feign简介
Feign是一个声明式的web客户端，封装Htttp请求的整个过程，构造请求、建立连接、解析响应结果等，并且整合了Ribbon来实现负载均衡及Hystrix实现断路器（下一篇文章会讲到），Feing有两个主要注解： @EnableFeignClients 用于开启feign功能，@FeignClient 用于定义feign 接口。

2、创建一个Feign工程
引入核心依赖：spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client、spring-cloud-starter-openfeign

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>service-feign</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>service-feign</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
					<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
		</repository>
	</repositories>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8003

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8000/eureka

Spring:
  application:
    name: service-feigin

3、启动类加上必要的注解，@EnableDiscoveryClient开启Ribbon，@EnableFeignClients开启Feign

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ServiceFeignApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class, args);
	}

}

4、创建一个Feign服务，@FeignClient声明你要调用的实例名称，@RequestMapping就是这个实例下的具体方法，这里就是说要去调用eureka-client1实例下的/serviceTest/test方法，也就是我们本系列第一章中eureka-client1工程下声明的方法

/**
 * @author XuJD
 * @create 2019-11-26 11:13
 **/
@FeignClient(value = "eureka-client1")
@Service
public interface FeignService {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/serviceTest/test")
    String test();

}

5、定义一个控制类，对外提供接口测试

/**
 * @author XuJD
 * @create 2019-11-26 11:13
 **/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {

    @Autowired
    private FeignService feignService;

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String test(){
        return feignService.test();
    }
}

6、测试
访问：http://localhost:8003/test/hello，可以看到8001和8002在循环打印

Hello world,this is eureka-client1--8001
Hello world,this is eureka-client1--8002

代码地址：https://github.com/xujiangdong/SpringCloud_Study
都看到这里了，点个star支持下吧，万分感谢！