Secure Copy Protocol or SCP - 安全拷贝协议

Yongqiang Cheng

已于 2024-04-10 23:26:17 修改

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分类专栏： SSH - FTP - TCP 文章标签：安全拷贝协议 SCP Secure Copy Protocol

于 2024-04-10 23:13:38 首次发布

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本文详细介绍了SecureCopy(SCP)协议，一种通过SSH进行安全文件传输的方法，包括从本地到远程、从远程到本地以及目录复制的操作。SCP常用于Linux系统中，如使用scp命令进行文件传输，并提到了scp2和scp命令的区别以及如何指定非默认端口。

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Secure Copy (remote file copy program)

The SCP program is a software tool implementing the SCP protocol as a service daemon or client. It is a program to perform secure copying. The SCP server program is typically the same program as the SCP client. The SCP Server software can be installed on a Regular Machine and be configured to only accept SCP Traffic on port 22 through the firewall for greater security.

Perhaps the most widely used SCP program is the command line scp program, which is provided in most SSH implementations. The scp program is the secure analog of the rcp command. The scp program must be part of all SSH servers that want to provide SCP service, as scp functions as SCP server too.

Some SSH implementations provide the scp2 program, which uses the SFTP protocol instead of SCP, but provides the very same command line interface as scp. scp is then typically a symbolic link to scp2.

Copying file to host:

scp SourceFile user_name@host_ip:directory/TargetFile

Copying file from host:

scp user_name@host_ip:directory/SourceFile TargetFile
scp -r user_name@host_ip:directory/SourceFolder TargetFolder

Note that if the remote host uses a port other than the default of 22, it can be specified in the command. For example, copying a file from host:

scp -P 2222 user_name@host_ip:directory/SourceFile TargetFile

1. scp 文件传输

将本地文件拷贝到远程：scp 本地路径/文件名 用户名@计算机 IP 或计算机名称:远程路径
将远程文件拷贝到本地：scp 用户名@计算机 IP 或计算机名称:远程路径/文件名 本地路径
将本地目录拷贝到远程：scp -r 本地路径/目录名 用户名@计算机 IP 或计算机名称:远程路径
将远程目录拷贝到本地：scp -r 用户名@计算机 IP 或计算机名称:远程路径/目录名 本地路径

1.1. 将远程文件拷贝到本地

strong@foreverstrong:~$ scp yongqiang@***.***.***.***:/home/yongqiang/darknet_work/darknet_180516/darknet-master.zip /home/strong/Desktop/download/
yongqiang@***.***.***.***'s password: 
darknet-master.zip                                                                                                                   100% 3571KB   3.5MB/s   00:01    
strong@foreverstrong:~$
or
strong@foreverstrong:~/Desktop/download$ scp yongqiang@***.***.***.***:/home/yongqiang/darknet_work/darknet_180516/darknet-master.zip .
yongqiang@***.***.***.***'s password: 
darknet-master.zip                                                                                                         100% 3571KB   3.5MB/s   00:00    
strong@foreverstrong:~/Desktop/download$ ll
total 3580
drwxrwxr-x 2 strong strong    4096 May 27 11:46 ./
drwxr-xr-x 7 strong strong    4096 May 27 11:37 ../
-rw-rw-r-- 1 strong strong 3656551 May 27 11:46 darknet-master.zip
strong@foreverstrong:~/Desktop/download$

1.2. 将本地文件拷贝到远程

strong@foreverstrong:~$ scp /home/strong/Desktop/download/darknet-master.zip yongqiang@***.***.***.***:/home/yongqiang/Downloads/
yongqiang@***.***.***.***'s password: 
darknet-master.zip                                                                                                                       100% 3571KB   3.5MB/s   00:00    
strong@foreverstrong:~$
or
strong@foreverstrong:~/Desktop/download$ scp ./darknet-master.zip yongqiang@***.***.***.***:/home/yongqiang/Downloads/
yongqiang@***.***.***.***'s password: 
darknet-master.zip                                                                                                         100% 3571KB   3.5MB/s   00:00    
strong@foreverstrong:~/Desktop/download$

1.3. 将远程目录拷贝到本地

strong@foreverstrong:~$ scp -r yongqiang@***.***.***.***:/home/yongqiang/Downloads /home/strong/Desktop/download/
yongqiang@***.***.***.***'s password: 
darknet-master.zip                                                                                                                       100% 3571KB   3.5MB/s   00:01    
strong@foreverstrong:~$
or
strong@foreverstrong:~/Desktop/download$ scp -r yongqiang@***.***.***.***:/home/yongqiang/Downloads ./
yongqiang@***.***.***.***'s password: 
darknet-master.zip                                                                                                         100% 3571KB   3.5MB/s   00:01    
strong@foreverstrong:~/Desktop/download$ ll
total 12
drwxrwxr-x 3 strong strong 4096 May 27 12:10 ./
drwxr-xr-x 7 strong strong 4096 May 27 11:37 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 strong strong 4096 May 27 12:10 Downloads/
strong@foreverstrong:~/Desktop/download$