[rubygems/rubygems] Optimize allocations in Gem::Version

From running in a random rails app I have locally, here are the changes

1) for `bundle lock --update --bundler` (forcing Bundler to go through
dependency resolution)

```
==> memprof.after.txt <==
Total allocated: 2.98 MB (48307 objects)
Total retained:  1.21 MB (16507 objects)

==> memprof.before.txt <==
Total allocated: 12.62 MB (198506 objects)
Total retained:  1.30 MB (23133 objects)
```

2) for `bin/rails runner true` (essentially only bundler/setup)

```
==> memprof.after.txt <==
Total allocated: 59.50 kB (1017 objects)
Total retained:  25.08 kB (362 objects)

==> memprof.before.txt <==
Total allocated: 561.82 kB (8575 objects)
Total retained:  27.28 kB (513 objects)
```

https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/35c8ed2cb8

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