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Machine Learning Design Patterns: Solutions to Common Challenges in Data Preparation, Model Building, and MLOps
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The design patterns in this book capture best practices and solutions to recurring problems in machine learning. The authors, three Google engineers, catalog proven methods to help data scientists tackle common problems throughout the ML process. These design patterns codify the experience of hundreds of experts into straightforward, approachable advice.
In this book, you will find detailed explanations of 30 patterns for data and problem representation, operationalization, repeatability, reproducibility, flexibility, explainability, and fairness. Each pattern includes a description of the problem, a variety of potential solutions, and recommendations for choosing the best technique for your situation.
You'll learn how to:
- Identify and mitigate common challenges when training, evaluating, and deploying ML models
- Represent data for different ML model types, including embeddings, feature crosses, and more
- Choose the right model type for specific problems
- Build a robust training loop that uses checkpoints, distribution strategy, and hyperparameter tuning
- Deploy scalable ML systems that you can retrain and update to reflect new data
- Interpret model predictions for stakeholders and ensure models are treating users fairly
- ISBN-101098115783
- ISBN-13978-1098115784
- Edition1st
- PublisherO'Reilly Media
- Publication dateNovember 24, 2020
- LanguageEnglish
- Dimensions9.06 x 0.94 x 6.85 inches
- Print length405 pages
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From the brand
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Machine Learning, AI & more
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Machine Learning
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Artificial Intelligence
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Deep Learning
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Language Processing (NLP, LLM)
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Sharing the knowledge of experts
O'Reilly's mission is to change the world by sharing the knowledge of innovators. For over 40 years, we've inspired companies and individuals to do new things (and do them better) by providing the skills and understanding that are necessary for success.
Our customers are hungry to build the innovations that propel the world forward. And we help them do just that.
From the Publisher
About This Book
In engineering disciplines, design patterns capture best practices and solutions to commonly occurring problems. They codify the knowledge and experience of experts into advice that all practitioners can follow. This book is a catalog of machine learning design patterns that we have observed in the course of working with hundreds of machine learning teams.
Who Is This Book For?
Introductory machine learning books usually focus on the what and how of machine learning (ML). They then explain the mathematical aspects of new methods from AI research labs and teach how to use AI frameworks to implement these methods.
This book, on the other hand, brings together hard-earned experience around the “why” that underlies the tips and tricks that experienced ML practitioners employ when applying machine learning to real-world problems.
We assume that you have prior knowledge of machine learning and data processing. This is not a fundamental textbook on machine learning. Instead, this book is for you if you are a data scientist, data engineer, or ML engineer who is looking for a second book on practical machine learning.
If you already know the basics, this book will introduce you to a catalog of ideas, some of which you may recognize, and give those ideas a name so that you can confidently reach for them. If you're a computer science student headed for a job in industry, this book will round out your knowledge and prepare you for the professional world. It will help you learn how to build high-quality ML systems.
What’s Not in the Book
This is a book that is primarily for ML engineers in the enterprise, not ML scientists in academia or industry research labs.
We purposefully don't discuss areas of active research—you will find very little here, for example, on machine learning model architecture (bidirectional encoders, or the attention mechanism, or short-circuit layers, for example) because we assume that you will be using a pre-built model architecture (Ex: ResNet-50 or GRUCell), not writing your own image classification or recurrent neural network.
Here are some concrete examples of areas that we intentionally stay away from because we believe that these topics are more appropriate for college courses and ML researchers:
ML algorithms -- We do not cover the differences between random forests and neural networks, for example. This is covered in introductory machine learning textbooks.
Building blocks -- We do not cover different types of gradient descent optimizers or activation functions. We recommend using Adam and ReLU—in our experience, the potential for improvements in performance by making different choices in these sorts of things tends to be minor.
ML model architectures -- If you are doing image classification, we recommend that you use an off-the-shelf model like ResNet or whatever the latest hotness is at the time you are reading this. Leave the design of new image classification or text classification models to researchers who specialize in this problem.
Model layers -- You won’t find convolutional neural networks or recurrent neural networks in this book. They are doubly disqualified—first, for being a building block and second, for being something you can use off-the-shelf.
Custom training loops -- Just calling model.fit() in Keras will fit the needs of practitioners.
In this book, we have tried to include only common patterns of the kind that machine learning engineers in enterprises will employ in their day-to-day work.
As an analogy, consider data structures. While a college course on data structures will delve into the implementations of different data structures, and a researcher on data structures will have to learn how to formally represent their mathematical properties, the practitioner can be more pragmatic. An enterprise software developer simply needs to know how to work effectively with arrays, linked lists, maps, sets, and trees. It is for a pragmatic practitioner in machine learning that this book is written.
Machine Learning Design Patterns
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Generative AI Design Patterns
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Data Engineering Design Patterns
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Cloud Application Architecture Patterns
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Design Patterns for Cloud Native Applications
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Learning JavaScript Design Patterns
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| Customer Reviews |
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Editorial Reviews
About the Author
Sara Robinson is a Developer Advocate on Google's Cloud Platform team, focusing on machine learning. She inspires developers and data scientists to integrate ML into their applications through demos, online content, and events. Sara has a bachelor’s degree from Brandeis University. Before Google, she was a Developer Advocate on the Firebase team.
Michael Munn is an ML Solutions Engineer at Google where he works with customers of Google Cloud on helping them design, implement, and deploy machine learning models. He also teaches an ML Immersion Program at the Advanced Solutions Lab. Michael has a PhD in mathematics from the City University of New York. Before joining Google, he worked as a research professor.
Product details
- Publisher : O'Reilly Media
- Publication date : November 24, 2020
- Edition : 1st
- Language : English
- Print length : 405 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1098115783
- ISBN-13 : 978-1098115784
- Item Weight : 2.31 pounds
- Dimensions : 9.06 x 0.94 x 6.85 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #305,316 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #33 in Machine Theory (Books)
- #70 in Business Intelligence Tools
- #212 in Artificial Intelligence (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the authors

Dr. Valliappa ("Lak") Lakshmanan is co-founder and CTO of Obin AI, a startup that's building deep domain AI agents for finance. He sets the technology and science direction of the company and is responsible for building the product.
Prior to this, Lak was an operating executive at an investment firm, the Director for Data Analytics and AI Solutions on Google Cloud and a Research Scientist at NOAA. He co-founded Google's Advanced Solutions Lab and is the author of several O'Reilly books and Coursera courses. He was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society (the highest honor offered by the AMS) for his data science work.

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