302050: Computer Aided Engineering
Teaching Scheme Credits Examination Scheme
Theory 3Hrs./Week Theory 3 In-Semester 30 Marks
Practical 2 Hrs./Week Practical 1 End-Semester 70 Marks
Practical 50 Marks
Prerequisite Courses: Solid Mechanics, Numerical and Statistical Methods, Engineering
Mathematics, Manufacturing Processes, Fluid Mechanics, Heat and Mass Transfer.
Course Objectives:
1. UNDERSTAND the basic concepts of Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) and
CHARACTERISTICS of various elements required for analysis.
2. NURTURE students about the discretization process and criteria for quality mesh.
3. UNDERSTAND the approaches of Finite Element Method (FEM) and to find displacement
and stresses over the body.
4. DEVELOP the knowledge and skills needed to effectively evaluate the results using Finite
Element Analysis (FEA).
5. APPLY computational technique to solve complex solid mechanics problems and its loading
states.
6. STUDY the applications of CAE in the various domains of the Mechanical Engineering.
Course Outcomes:
On completion of the course, learner will be able to
CO1: DEFINE the use of CAE tools and DESCRIBE the significance of shape functions in
finite element formulations.
CO2: APPLY the various meshing techniques for better evaluation of approximate results.
CO3: APPLY material properties and boundary condition to SOLVE 1-D and 2-D element
stiffness matrices to obtain nodal or elemental solution.
CO4: ANALYZE and APPLY various numerical methods for different types of analysis.
CO5: EVALUATE and SOLVE non-linear and dynamic analysis problems by analyzing the
results obtained from analytical and computational method.
CO6: GENERATE the results in the form of contour plot by the USE of CAE tools.
Course Contents
Unit 1 Elemental Properties 07 Hrs.
Introduction to Computer Aided Engineering (CAE), Use of CAE in Product development,
Discretization methods – Finite Element Method (FEM), Finite Difference Method (FDM) and
Finite Volume Method (FVM), CAE Tools- Pre-processor, Solver and Post-Processor.
Element Shapes – 1D, 2D and 3D elements, Nodal Unknowns and field variables, Coordinate
Systems, Shape Functions- linear, quadratic and cubic, Convergence Requirements of Shape
Functions, Derivation of Polynomial Shape Functions using coordinate systems for Bar, Beam,
Triangular, and rectangular elements.
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Unit 2 Meshing Techniques 06 Hrs.
Discretization of a Structure, 1D, 2D and 3D element Meshing, Element selection criteria, Refining
Mesh, Effect of mesh density in critical region, Use of Symmetry.
Element Quality Criterion:-Jacobian, Aspect ratio, Warpage, Minimum and Maximum angles,
Average element size, Minimum Length, skewness, Tetra Collapse etc., Higher Order Element vs
Mesh Refinement, Geometry Associate Mesh, Mesh quality, Bolted and welded joints
representation, Mesh independent test.
Unit 3 1D Finite Element Analysis 08 Hrs.
Consistent Unit System, Introduction to approaches used in Finite Element Analysis ( FEA) such as
direct approach and energy approach
Bar and Truss Element - Element stiffness matrix, Assembling stiffness Equation, Load vector,
stress and reaction forces calculations.
Temperature effect on Bar Element- Calculation due to uniform temperature change, Stress and
reaction forces calculations.
Unit 4 2D Finite Element Analysis 08 Hrs.
Plane Stress-Strain, axi-symmetric problems in 2D elasticity.
Constant Strain Triangle (CST) - Element Stiffness matrix, Assembling stiffness equation, Load vector,
Stress and reaction forces calculations.
Post Processing Techniques – Check and validate accuracy of results, Average and Un-average
stresses, and special tricks for Post Processing. Interpretation of results and design modifications, CAE
reports.
Unit 5 Non-Linear and Dynamic Analysis 08 Hrs.
Non-Linear Analysis: Introduction to Nonlinear Problems, Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear
analysis, Types of Nonlinearities, Stress-strain measures for Nonlinear analysis, Analysis of
Geometric, Material Nonlinearity, Solution Techniques for Nonlinear analysis, Newton Raphson
Method, Essential steps in Nonlinear analysis.
Dynamic Analysis: Introduction to Dynamic Analysis, Comparison of Static and Dynamic analysis,
Time domain and frequency domain, Types of loading, Simple Harmonic motion, Free vibration,
Boundary conditions of free vibration, Solution.
Unit 6 Applications of Computer Aided Engineering 08 Hrs.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD): Introduction, Three dimensions of Fluid Dynamics,
Equilibrium Equation for a fluid, Conservation form of Fluid flow equation, Integral form of the
Conservation Laws.
Injection moulding of Plastics: Simplification of Mould Geometry for FEA, Material Model for
Mould FEA, Boundary Conditions for Mould FEA, Loading of Mould in FEA, Results Analysis.
Simulation for Manufacturing Processes like Casting and Sheet Metal Applications:
Introduction and workflow of Casting Simulation Software and Sheet Metal Applications.
Durability Analysis: Durability, Reliability and Fatigue, FEA bases fatigue analysis viz: Stress-Life
approach (S-N method) and Strain-Life approach (E-N method).
Crash Analysis: Introduction, Explicit time integration schemes, implicit integration schemes.
Noise Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Analysis: NVH Concepts, Terminology, FEA for
structural Dynamics, FEA for Acoustics.
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Books and other resources
Text Books:
1. Gokhale N. S., Deshpande S. S., Bedekar S. V. and Thite A. N., Practical Finite Element
Analysis, Finite to Infinite, Pune, 1st Edition, 2008.
2. S. S. Bhavikatti, Finite Element Analysis, New Age International Publishers, Third Edition,
2015.
3. Chandrupatla T. R. and Belegunda A. D., Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering,
Prentice Hall India, 2002.
4. G Lakshmi Narasaiah, Finite Element Analysis, BS Publications / BSP Books, 2nd
edition, 2020.
5. J. N. Reddy, An Introduction to the Finite Element Method, Mcgraw Hill Series in
Mechanical, 2005.
6. P. Seshu, Text book of Finite Element Analysis, PHI Learning Private Limited, New Delhi,
10th Printing, 2012.
References Books:
1. K. J. Bathe, Finite Element Procedure, Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1996.
2. Cook R. D., Finite Element Modeling for Stress Analysis, John Wiley and Sons Inc, 1995.
3. G.R. Liu S. S. Quek, The Finite Element Method- A Practical Course, Butterworth
Heinemann, 2013.
4. Fagan M. J., Finite Element Analysis Theory and Practice, Harlow Pearson/Prentice Hall,
2012.
5. S. Moaveni, Finite element analysis, theory and application with Ansys, Pearson, Third
Edition, 2011.
6. David V. Hutton, Fundamental of Finite Element Analysis, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2017.
7. Mukhopadhyay M and Sheikh A. H., Matrix and Finite Element Analyses of Structures, Ane
Books Pvt. Ltd., 2009
8. Daryl L. Logan, A First Course in the Finite Element Method, Fourth Edition, Thomson
Canada Limited, 2007.
9. O.C. Zienkiewicz, The Finite Element Method: Its Basis and Fundamentals, Sixth Edition,
Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2005.
Web References:
[Link] Basics of Finite Element Analysis by
[Link] Tiwari, IIT Kanpur
[Link] Advanced Finite Element Analysis by
Dr. R. Krishnakumar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Madras
[Link] Finite Element Analysis for Welding
Analysis by Prof. Swarup Bag, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Guwahati.
[Link] for ANSYS Tutorials
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Term Work
The student shall complete the following activity as a Practical using any commercial FEA software
or open-source software’s
1. 1D Bar Element – Structural Linear Analysis
2. Truss Analysis using 1D Element
3. Plate/Shell Element – Structural Linear and Non-Linear Analysis
4. Beam Element – Non-Linear Buckling Analysis
5. Thermal Analysis – Static/Transient Analysis
6. Coupled Analysis- (Structural + Thermal)
7. Analysis of Machine Component using 3D Elements
8. Non-Linear Analysis of Assembly using Contact Elements
9. Modal Analysis – Spring -Mass system, simply supported/Cantilever beam, etc.
10. Presentation on advanced applications of FEA, NVH, CFD, Crash, Fatigue, Manufacturing,
etc.
Note:
The lab report shall consist of completion of Practical’s and Presentations.
Practical examination shall be based on the practical undertaken during the semester.
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