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SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex. 1 Find the centre and the radius of the circles
(A) 3x2 + 3y2 – 8x – 10y + 3 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 + 2x sin + 2y cos – 8 = 0
(C) 2x2 + xy + 2y2 + ( – 4)x + 6y – 5 = 0, for some .
Sol.
(A) We rewrite the given equation as
8 10
x2 + y2 – x y 1  0
3 3

4 5
 g=– ,f=– ,c=1
3 3

 4 5 16 25 32 4 2 units
Hence the centre is  ,  and the radius is  1  
 3 3 9 9 9 3

(B) x2 + y2 + 2x sin + 2ycos – 8 = 0.

Centre of this circle is (–sin, – cos)

Radius = sin2   cos2   8  1  8  3 units

(C) 2x2 + xy + 2y2 + ( – 4)x + 6y – 5 = 0

We rewrite the equation as

    4 5
x2  xy  y2    x  3y   0 ...... (i)
2  2  2
Since, there is no term of xy in the equation of circle

 =0  =0
2
5
So, equation (i) reduces to x2 + y2 – 2x + 3y  0
2

 3
 centre is  1,  
2

9 5 23
Radius = 1   units.
4 2 2

Ex. 2 Find the parametric equations of the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y + 1 = 0

Sol. We have : x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y + 1 = 0
 (x2 – 4x ) + (y2 – 2y) = – 1  (x – 2)2 + (y – 1)2 = 22
So, the parametric equations of this circle are
x = 2 + 2 cos  , y = 1 + 2 sin .

Ex. 3 Find the area of the triangle formed by line joining the origin to the points of intersection(s) of the line

x 5  2y  3 5 and circle x2 + y2 = 10.

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Sol. Length of perpendicular from origin to the line x 5  2y  3 5 is

Q
3 5 3 5
OL    5 L
2
( 5)  2 2 9
O
10 P
Radius of the given circle = 10 = OQ = OP

PQ = 2QL = 2 OQ 2  OL2  2 10  5  2 5 5 x + 2y = 3 5

1 1
Thus area of OPQ =  PQ  OL   2 5  5  5
2 2

Ex. 4 Find the equations of the following curves in Cartesian form. Also, find the centre and radius of the circle
x = a + c cos , y = b + c sin 
xa yb
Sol. We have : x = a + c cos , y = b + c sin  cos  = , sin  =
c c
2 2
 xa   yb
   +   = cos2 + sin2  (x – a)2 + (y – b)2 = c2
 c   c 
Clearly, it is a circle with centre at (a, b) and radius c.

Ex. 5 If the straight line ax + by = 2; a, b  0 touches the circle x2 + y2 – 2x = 3 and is normal to the circle x2 + y2 – 4y = 6,
then find the values of a and b are respectively.
Sol. Given x2 + y2 – 2x = 3
 centre is (1, 0) and radius is 2
Given x2 + y2 – 4y = 6
 centre is (0, 2) and radius is 10 . Since line ax + by = 2 touches the first circle

|a(1)  b(0)  2|
 2 or |(a – 2)| = [2 a2  b2 ] ......... (i)
a 2  b2
Also the given line is normal to the second circle. Hence it will pass through the centre of the second circle.
 a(0) + b(2) = 2 or 2b = 2 or b = 1

Putting this value in equation (i) we get |a – 2| = 2 a2  12 or (a – 2)2 = 4(a2 + 1)

4
or a2 + 4 – 4a = 4a2 + 4 or 3a2 + 4a = 0 or a (3a + 4) = 0 or a = 0,  (a  0)
3

 4 
 values of a and b are   , 1 .
 3 

Ex. 6 Find the equation of a circle having the lines x2 + 2xy + 3x + 6y = 0 as its normal and having size just sufficient to
contain the circle x(x – 4) + y(y – 3) = 0.
Sol. Pair of normals are (x + 2y)(x + 3) = 0
 Normals are x + 2y = 0, x + 3 = 0.
Point of intersection of normals is the centre of required circle i.e. C1(–3, 3/2) and centre of given circle is C2(2, 3/2)

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9 5
and radius r2 = 4 
4 2
Let r1 be the radius of required circle
2
 3 3 5 15
 r1 = C1C2 + r2 = ( 3  2)2      
 2 2 2 2
Hence equation of required circle is x2 + y2 + 6x – 3y – 45 = 0

Ex. 7 Let a circle be given by 2x(x – a) + y(2y – b) = 0 (a  0, b  0)

Find the condition on a and b if two chords, each bisected by the x-axis, can be drawn to the circle from (a, b/2).
Sol. The given circle is 2x(x – a) + y(2y – b) = 0
or x2 + y2 – ax – by/2 = 0
Let AB be the chord which is bisected by x-axis at a point M. Let its co-ordinates be M(h, 0).
and S  x2 + y2 – ax – by/2 = 0
 Equation of chord AB is T = S1
a b
hx + 0 – (x  h)  (y  0)  h2  0  ah  0
2 4
a b2
Since its passes through (a, b/2) we have ah – (a + h) – = h2 – ah
2 8
3ah a 2 b2
 h2 –   0
2 2 8
Now there are two chords bisected by the x-axis, so there must be two distinct real roots of h.
 B2 – 4AC > 0
2
 3a   a 2 b2 
    4.1.     0  a2 > 2b2.
2 2 8

1 1 1
Ex. 8 Prove that the circles x2 + y2 + 2ax + c2 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2by + c2 = 0 touch each other, if 2
 2  2.
a b c
Sol. Given circles are x2 + y2 + 2ax + c2 = 0 ...... (i)

and x2 + y2 + 2by + c2 = 0 ...... (ii)

Let C1 and C2 be the centres of circles (i) and (ii), respectively and r1 and r2 be their radii, then

2 2 2 2
C1 = (–a, 0), C2 = (0, –b), r1  a  c , r2  b  c

Here we find the two circles touch each other internally or externally.
For touch, |C1C2| = |r1 ± r2|

or  a 2  b2    a 2  c 2    b2  c 2 

On squaring a2 + b2 = a2 – c2 + b2 – c2 ± 2  a 2  c 2   b2  c 2 

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 CIRCLE

or c2 = ± a2 b2  c2 (a 2  b2 )  c 4

Again squaring, c4 = a2b2 – c2(a2 + b2) + c4

or c2(a2 + b2) = a2b2
1 1 1
or 2
 2  2
a b c

Ex . 9 Find the equation of the circle through the points of intersection of x2 + y2 – 1 = 0, x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 = 0 and
touching the line x + 2y = 0.
Sol. Family of circles is x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 + (x2 + y2 – 1) = 0
(1 + ) x2 + (1 + ) y2 – 2x – 4y + (1 – ) = 0
2 4 1 
x2 + y2  x y 0
1  1  1 
2 2
 1 2   1   2  1 4  2
Centre is  ,  and radius =   
 1     1    1   |1  | .
1   1       
Since it touches the line x + 2y = 0, Hence Radius = Perpendicular distance from centre to the line.

1 2
2 2
1  1  4
i.e.,  5  4  2  =±1
12  22 |1  |

 = –1 cannot be possible in case of circle. So  = 1.

Thus, we get the equation of circle.

Ex. 10 Find the pole of the line 3x + 5y + 17 = 0 with respect to the circle x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 9 = 0
Sol. Given circle is x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 9 = 0
and given line is 3x + 5y + 17 = 0
Let P() be the pole of line (ii) with respect to circle (i)
Now equation of polar of point P() with respect to circle (i) is
x + y + 2(x + ) + 3(y +) + 9 = 0
or ( + 2)x + ( + 3) y + 2 + 3 + 9 = 0
Now lines (ii) and (iii) are same, therefore,

2 3 2  3  9
= =
3 5 17
(i) (ii) (iii)
From (i) and (ii), we get 5 + 10 = 3 + 9 or 5 – 3 = – 1 ...... (iv)
From (i) and (iii), we get 17 + 34 = 6 + 9 + 27 or 11 – 9 = –7 ...... (v)
Solving (iv) & (v), we get  = 1,  = 2.
Hence required pole is (1, 2).

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Ex. 11 Find the equation of a circle which passes through the point (2, 0) and whose centre is the limit of the point of
intersection of the lines 3x + 5y = 1 and (2 + c)x + 5c2y = 1 as c  1.
Sol. Solving the equations (2 + c)x + 5c2y = 1 and 3x + 5y = 1

 1  3x 
then (2 + c)x + 5c2   =1 or (2 + c)x + c2 (1 – 3x) = 1
5 

1  c2 (1  c)(1  c) 1 c
 x= or x 
2  c  3c2 (3c  2)(1  c) 3c  2

1 c 2
 x = lim or x =
c 1 3c  2 5

6
1
 1  3x 5  1
y 
5 5 25

 2 1 
Therefore the centre of the required circle is  , but circle passes through (2, 0)
 5 25 

2 2
2   1  64 1 1601
 Radius of the required circle =   2     0 =

 
5 25 25 625 625

2 2
 2  1 1601
Hence the required equation of the circle is  x     y   
 5   25 625
or 25x2 + 25y2 – 20x + 2y – 60 = 0

Ex. 12 The circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y + 16 = 0 rolls up the tangent to it at (2 + 3 , 3) by 2 units, find the equation of the circle
in the new position.
Sol. Given circle is x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y + 16 = 0
B
let P  (2 + 3 , 3)

Equation of tangent to the circle at P(2 + 3 , 3) will be 2

(2 + 3 )x + 3y – 2(x + 2 + 3 ) – 4(y + 3) + 16 = 0
A
or 3 x–y–2 3 =0
(2,4)
P(2+ 3,3)
slope = 3  tan = 3
 = 60°
line AB is parallel to the tangent at P
 coordinates of point B = (2 + 2cos60°, 4 + 2sin60°)

thus B = (3, 4 + 3 )

radius of circle = 22  42  16  2

 equation of required circle is (x – 3)2 + (y – 4 – 3 )2 = 2 2

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Ex. 13 Find the equation of the circle through the points of intersection of the circles
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y – 12 = 0 and cutting the circle
x2 + y2 – 2x – 4 = 0 orthogonally.
Sol. The equation of the circle through the intersection of the given circles is
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 + (–10x – 10y) = 0 ...... (i)
where (–10x – 10y = 0) is the equation of radical axis for the circle
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y – 12 = 0.
Equation (i) can be re-arranged as
x2 + y2 – x(10 + 4) – y(10 + 6) – 12 = 0
It cuts the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4 = 0 orthogonally.
Hence 2gg1 + 2ff1 = c + c1
 2(5 + 2)(1) + 2(5 + 3)(0) = – 12 – 4  = – 2
Hence the required circle is x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 – 2(– 10x – 10y) = 0
 x2 + y2 + 16x + 14y – 12 = 0
Ex. 14 Find the equation of the image of the circle x2 + y2 + 16x – 24y + 183 = 0 by the line mirror 4x + 7y + 13 = 0.
Sol. Centre of given circle = (–8, 12), radius = 5
the given line is 4x + 7y + 13 = 0
let the centre of required circle is (h, k)
since radius will not change. so radius of required circle is 5.
Now (h, k) is the reflection of centre (–8, 12) in the line 4x + 7y + 13 = 0
 8  h 12  k  (–8,12)
Co-ordinates of A =  ,
 2 2  1 3=
0
7 y+
4 x+
4( 8  h) 7(12  k) A
   13  0
2 2
(h,k)
–32 + 4h + 84 + 7k + 26 = 0
4h + 7k + 78 = 0 .........(i)
k  12 7
Also 
h8 4
4k – 48 = 7h + 56
4k = 7h + 104 .........(ii)
solving (i) & (ii)
h = –16, k = –2
 required circle is (x + 16)2 + (y + 2)2 = 52
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 – 2(–10x – 10y) = 0
i.e., x2 + y2 + 16x + 14y – 12 = 0

Ex. 15 Two straight lines rotate about two fixed points. If they start from their position of coincidence such that one rotates
at the rate double that of the other. Prove that the locus of their point of intersection is a circle.
Sol. Let A  (–a, 0) and B  (a, 0) be two fixed points.
Let one line which rotates about B an angle  with the x-axis at any time t and at that time the second line which
rotates about A make an angle 2 with x-axis.
Now equation of line through B and A are respectively
y – 0 = tan(x – a) ...... (i)
and y – 0 = tan2(x + a) ...... (ii)

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2 tan 
From (ii), y (x  a)
1  tan2 

 2y 
 
  x  a  A(–a,0) O(0,0) B(a,0)
 2   x  a (from (i))
1  y 
  x  a 2 

2y  x  a   x  a 
 y  (x – a)2 – y2 = 2(x2 – a2)
 x  a 2  y 2
or x2 + y2 + 2ax – 3a2 = 0 which is the required locus.

Ex. 16 The circle x2 + y2 – 6x – 10y + k = 0 does not touch or intersect the coordinate axes and the point (1, 4) is inside the
circle. Find the range of the value of k.
Sol. Since (1, 4) lies inside the circle
 S1 < 0
 (1)2 + (4)2 – 6(1) – 10(4) + k < 0  k < 29
Also centre of given circle is (3, 5) and circle does not touch or intersect the coordinate axes
 r < CA & r < CB
CA = 5 r C(3,5)
B
CB = 3 r
 r<5 & r<3
2
 r < 3 or r < 9
r2 = 9 + 25 – k A
r2 = 34 – k  34 – k < 9
k > 25
 k  (25, 29)

Ex. 17 Find the radical centre of circles x2 + y2 + 3x + 2y + 1 = 0, x2 + y2 – x + 6y + 5 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 5x – 8y + 15 = 0.

Also find the equation of the circle cutting them orthogonally.
Sol. Given circles are S1  x2 + y2 + 3x + 2y + 1 = 0
S2  x2 + y2 – x + 6y + 5 = 0
S3  x2 + y2 + 5x – 8y + 15 = 0
Equations of two radical axes are S1 – S2  4x – 4y – 4 = 0
or x–y–1=0
and S2 – S3  – 6x + 14y – 10 = 0
or 3x – 7y + 5 = 0
Solving them the radical centre is (3, 2). Also, if r is the length of the tangent drawn from the radical centre (3, 2) to
any one of the given circles, say S1, we have
r= S1  32  22  3.3  2.2  1  27

Hence (3, 2) is the centre and 27 is the radius of the circle intersecting them orthogonally..
 Its equation is (x – 3) + (y – 2)2 = r2 = 27
2
 x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y – 14 = 0

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Ex. 18 Find the equation of the circle of minimum radius which contains the three circles.
S1  x2 + y2 – 4y – 5 = 0
S2  x2 + y2 + 12x + 4y + 31 = 0
S3  x2 + y2 + 6x + 12y + 36 = 0
Sol. For S1, centre = (0, 2) and radius = 3 (0,2)

For S2, centre = (–6, –2) and radius = 3

For S3, centre = (–3, –6) and radius = 3 P(a,b)

let P(a, b) be the centre of the circle passing through the centres
of the three given circles, then
(a – 0)2 + (b – 2)2 = (a + 6)2 + (b + 2)2
 (a + 6)2 – a2 = (b – 2)2 – (b + 2)2
(2a + 6)6 = 2b(–4)
2  6(a  3) 3
b=   (a  3)
8 2
again (a – 0) + (b – 2)2 = (a + 3)2 + (b + 6)2
2

 (a + 3)2 – a2 = (b – 2)2 – (b + 6)2

(2a + 3)3 = (2b + 4) (– 8)
 3 
(2a + 3)3 = –16   (a  3)  2 
 2 
6a + 9 = –8(–3a – 5)
6a + 9 = 24a + 40
18a = –31
31 23
a=  , b  
18 12
2 2
 31   23  5
radius of the required circle = 3        2 = 3  949
 18   12  36
2 2 2
 31   23   5 
 equation of the required circle is  x     y  12    3  36 949 
 18     

Ex. 19 A fixed circle is cut by a family of circles all of which, pass through two given points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2). Prove that
the chord of intersection of the fixed circle with any circle of the family passes through a fixed point.
Sol. Let S = 0 be the equation of fixed circle S 1=0
S=0
let S1 = 0 be the equation of any circle through A and B
A(x1 ,y1 )
which intersect S = 0 in two points.
L  S – S1 = 0 is the equation of the chord of intersection of S = 0 and S1 = 0
B
let L1 = 0 be the equation of line AB (x 2,y 2)
L=0
let S2 be the equation of the circle whose diametrical ends are A(x1, y1) & B(x2, y2)
then S1  S2 – L1 = 0
 L  S – (S2 – L1) = 0 or L  (S – S2) + L1 = 0
or L  L' + L1 = 0 ........(i)
(i) Implies each chord of intersection passes through the fixed point, which is the point of intersection of
lines L' = 0 & L1 = 0.
Hence proved.

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Ex. 20 Let P be any moving point on the circle x2 + y2 – 2x = 1, from this point chord of contact is drawn w.r.t. the circle
x2 + y2 – 2x = 0. Find the locus of the circumcentre of the triangle CAB, C being centre of the circle and A, B are the
points of contact.
Sol. The two circles are
(x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 ...... (i)
2 2
(x – 1) + y = 2 ...... (ii)
So the second circle is the director circle of the first. So APB = /2
Also ACB = /2
Now circumcentre of the right angled triangle CAB would lie on the mid point of AB
So let the point be M  (h, k)

1 P
Now, CM = CBsin45° =
2 A B
M
2
2 2
 1  C
So, (h – 1) + k = 
 2 

1
So, locus of M is (x – 1)2 + y2 = .
2

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 CIRCLE

Exercise # 1 [Single Correct Choice Type Questions]

1. The lines 2x – 3y = 5 and 3x – 4y = 7 are diameters of a circle of area 154 sq. units. The equation of the circle is -
(A) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 47 (B) x2 + y2 – 2x –2y = 62
(C) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y = 47 (D) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y = 62

2. Two lines through (2, 3) from which the circle x2 + y2 = 25 intercepts chords of length 8 units have equations
(A) 2x + 3y = 13, x + 5y = 17 (B) y = 3, 12x + 5y = 39
(C) x = 2, 9x – 11y = 51 (D) none of these

3. The line 2x – y + 1 = 0 is tangent to the circle at the point (2, 5) and the centre of the circles lies on
x – 2y = 4. The radius of the circle is

(A) 3 5 (B) 5 3 (C) 2 5 (D) 5 2

4. y  3 x  c1 & y  3 x  c 2 are two parallel tangents of a circle of radius 2 units, then c1  c2 is equal to -
(A) 8 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 1

5. Let C1 and C2 are circles defined by x2 + y2 – 20x + 64 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 30x + 144 = 0. The length of the shortest line
segment PQ that is tangent to C1 at P and to C2 at Q is
(A) 15 (B) 18 (C) 20 (D) 24

6. The equation to the circle whose radius is 4 and which touches the negative x-axis at a distance 3 units from the
origin is -
(A) x2 + y2 – 6x + 8y – 9 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 ± 6x – 8y + 9 = 0
2 2
(C) x + y + 6x ± 8y + 9 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 ± 6x – 8y – 9 = 0

7. The angle between the two tangents from the origin to the circle (x  7)² + (y + 1)² = 25 equals
  
(A) (B) (C) (D) none
4 3 2

8. The centre of the smallest circle touching the circles x2 + y2 – 2y  3 = 0 and x2 + y2  8x  18y + 93 = 0 is
(A) (3 , 2) (B) (4 , 4) (C) (2 , 7) (D) (2 , 5)

9. B and C are fixed points having co-ordinates (3, 0) and (–3, 0) respectively. If the vertical angle BAC is 90°,
then the locus of the centroid of the ABC has the equation -
(A) x2 + y2 = 1 (B) x2 + y2 = 2 (C) 9(x2 + y2) = 1 (D) 9(x2 + y2) = 4

10. The condition so that the line (x + g) cos + (y + f) sin  = k is a tangent to x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is
(A) g2 + f2 = c + k2 (B) g2 + f2 = c2 + k (C) g2 + f2 = c2 + k2 (D) g2 + f2 = c + k

11. If the circle C1 : x2 + y2 = 16 intersects another circle C2 of radius 5 in such a manner that the common chord is of
maximum length and has a slope equal to 3/4, then the co-ordinates of the centre of C2 are
 9 12   9 12   12 9  12 9
(A)   ,   (B)   ,   (C)   ,   (D)   ,  
 5 5  5 5  5 5  5 5

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12. Number of different circles that can be drawn touching 3 lines, no two of which are parallel and they are neither
coincident nor concurrent, are -
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

13. The area of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the circle x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 is :

3 3 3 3 3 3
(A) (B) (C) (D) none
2 4 8

14. The length of the tangent drawn from any point on the circle x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + p = 0 to the circle
x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + q = 0 is:
(A) q  p (B) p  q (C) q  p (D) none

15. The equations of the tangents drawn from the point (0,1) to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y = 0 are -
(A) 2x – y + 1 = 0, x + 2y – 2 = 0 (B) 2x – y – 1 = 0, x + 2y – 2 = 0
(C) 2x – y + 1 = 0, x + 2y + 2 = 0 (D) 2x – y – 1 = 0, x + 2y + 2 = 0

16. A circle of radius unity is centered at origin. Two particles start moving at the same time from the point (1, 0) and
move around the circle in opposite direction. One of the particle moves counterclockwise with constant speed v and
the other moves clockwise with constant speed 3v. After leaving (1, 0), the two particles meet first at a point P, and
continue until they meet next at point Q. The coordinates of the point Q are
(A) (1, 0) (B) (0, 1) (C) (0, –1) (D) (–1, 0)

17. The locus of the centers of the circles which cut the circles x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 and
x2 + y2 – 5x + 4y – 2 = 0 orthogonally is -
(A) 9x + 10y – 7 = 0 (B) x – y + 2 = 0
(C) 9x – 10y + 11 = 0 (D) 9x + 10y + 7 = 0

18. The parametric coordinates of any point on the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y = 0 are-

(A) (–2 + 2cos, –2 + 2 sin) (B) (2 + 2cos, 2 + 2 sin)
(C) (2 + 2 2 cos, 2 + 2 2 sin) (D) (–2 + 2 2 cos, –2 + 2 2 sin)

19. The equation of the diameter of the circle (x – 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = 16 which bisects the chord cut off by the circle
on the line x – 2y – 3 = 0 is
(A) x + 2y = 0 (B) 2x + y – 3 = 0 (C) 3x + 2y – 4 = 0 (D) none

20. A line meets the co-ordinate axes in A and B. A circle is circumscribed about the triangle OAB. If d1 and d2 are the
distances of the tangent to the circle at the origin O from the points A and B respectively, the diameter of the circle is
2d1  d 2 d1  2d 2 d1d 2
(A) (B) (C) d1 + d2 (D) d  d
2 2 1 2

21. The gradient of the tangent line at the point (a cos , a sin ) to the circle x2 + y2 = a2, is -
(A) tan ( – ) (B) tan  (C) cot  (D) – cot 

22. The equation of normal to the circle x2 + y2 – 4x + 4y – 17 = 0 which passes through (1, 1) is
(A) 3x + y – 4 = 0 (B) x – y = 0 (C) x + y = 0 (D) none

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23. The equation of the common tangent to the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0 and

x2 + y2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0 at their point of contact is
(A) 12x + 5y + 19 = 0 (B) 5x + 12y + 19 = 0
(C) 5x – 12y + 19 = 0 (D) 12x –5y + 19 = 0
24. A pair of tangents are drawn from the origin to the circle x2 + y2 + 20(x + y) + 20 = 0. The equation of the pair of
tangents is -
(A) x2 + y2 + 5xy = 0 (B) x2 + y2 + 10xy = 0
(C) 2x2 + 2y2 + 5xy = 0 (D) 2x2 + 2y2 – 5xy = 0

25. In a right triangle ABC, right angled at A, on the leg AC as diameter, a semicircle is described. The chord joining A with
the point of intersection D of the hypotenuse and the semicircle, then the length AC equals to
AB  AD AB  AD AB  AD
(A) (B) (C) AB  AD (D)
AB  AD AB2  AD 2
AB2  AD 2

26. Tangents are drawn from (4, 4) to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 7 = 0 to meet the circle at A and B. The length
of the chord AB is -
(A) 2 3 (B) 3 2 (C) 2 6 (D) 6 2

27. Pair of tangents are drawn from every point on the line 3x + 4y = 12 on the circle x2 + y2 = 4. Their variable
chord of contact always passes through a fixed point whose co-ordinates are -

 4 3  3 3  4
(A)  ,  (B)  ,  (C) (1, 1) (D)  1, 
 3 4 4 4  3

28. The locus of the mid point of a chord of the circle x² + y² = 4 which subtends a right angle at the origin is:
(A) x + y = 2 (B) x² + y² = 1 (C) x² + y² = 2 (D) x + y = 1

29. The radical centre of three circles taken in pairs described on the sides of a triangle ABC as diameters is the :
(A) centroid of the  ABC (B) incentre of the  ABC
(C) circumcentre o the  ABC (D) orthocentre of the  ABC

30. The angle between the two tangents from the origin to the circle (x –7)2 + (y + 1)2 = 25 equals -
  
(A) (B) (C) (D) none
2 3 4

31. The number of common tangents of the circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 2y – 7 = 0 -

(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 4

32. Two circles are drawn through the points (1, 0) and (2,  1) to touch the axis of y. They intersect at an angle
3 4 
(A) cot–1 (B) cos 1 (C) (D) tan1 1
4 5 2

33. Equation of the circle cutting orthogonally the three circles x2 + y2 – 2x + 3y – 7 = 0,

x2 + y2 + 5x – 5y + 9 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 7x – 9y + 29 = 0 is
(A) x2 + y2 – 16x – 18y – 4 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 7x + 11y + 6 = 0
2 2
(C) x + y + 2x – 8y + 9 = 0 (D) none of these

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34. A circle is drawn touching the x-axis and centre at the point which is the reflection of (a, b) in the line
y – x = 0. The equation of the circle is -
(A) x2 + y2 – 2bx – 2ay + a2 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 2bx – 2ay + b2 = 0
2 2 2
(C) x + y – 2ax – 2by + b = 0 (D) x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2by + a2 = 0

35. A rhombus is inscribed in the region common to the two circles x 2 + y2  4x  12 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 4x  12 = 0 with two of its vertices on the line joining the centres of the circles. The area of the rhombous is

(A) 8 3 [Link] (B) 4 3 [Link] (C) 16 3 [Link] (D) none

36. The equation of the circle having the lines y2 – 2y + 4x – 2xy = 0 as its normals & passing through the point (2,1) is -
(A) x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 3 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y – 5 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y –13 = 0 (D) none

37. The circumference of the circle x2 + y2  2x + 8y  q = 0 is bisected by the circle

x2 + y2 + 4x + 12y + p = 0, then p + q is equal to:
(A) 25 (B) 100 (C) 10 (D) 48

38. If the two circles, x2 + y2 + 2g1x + 2f1y = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2g2x + 2f2y = 0 touches each other, then -
f1 f2
(A) f1g1 = f2g2 (B) g = (C) f1f2 = g1g2 (D) none
1 g2


39. The equation of a line inclined at an angle to the axis X, such that the two circles
4

x2 + y2 = 4, x2 + y2 – 10x – 14y + 65 = 0 intercept equal lengths on it, is

(A) 2x – 2y – 3 = 0 (B) 2x – 2y + 3 = 0 (C) x – y + 6 = 0 (D) x – y – 6 = 0

40. The distance between the chords of contact of tangents to the circle x2+ y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 from the origin
and the point (g, f) is

g2  f 2  c g2  f 2  c g2  f 2  c
(A) g 2  f 2 (B) (C) (D)
2 2 g2  f 2 2 g2  f 2

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Exercise # 2 Part # I [Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions]

x  x1 y  y1
1. Equation   r, may represents -
cos  sin 
(A) Equation of straight line, if  is constant and r is variable.
(B) Equation of a circle, if r is constant &  is variable.
(C) A straight line passing through a fixed point & having a known slope.
(D) A circle with a known centre and given radius.

2. If a2 + b2 = 1, m2 + n2 = 1, then which of the following is true for all values of m, n, a, b -

(A) |am + bn|  1 (B) |am – bn|  1 (C) |am + bn|  1 (D) |am – bn|  1

3. The circle x2 + y2  2 x  3 k y  2 = 0 passes through two fixed points, (k is the parameter)


(A) 1  3, 0  
(B) 1  3, 0  
(C)  3  1 , 0  
(D) 1  3, 0 
4. Let L1 be a line passing through the origin and L2 be the line x + y = 1. If the intercepts made by the circle
x2 + y2 – x + 3y = 0 on L1 and L2 are equal then the equation of L1 can be
(A) x + y = 0 (B) x – y = 0 (C) x + 7y = 0 (D) x – 7y = 0

5. If the circle C1 : x2 + y2 = 16 intersects another circle C2 of radius 5 in such a manner that the common chord is of
3
maximum length 8 has a slope equal to , then coordinates of centre of C2 are -
4
 9 12   9 12   9 12   9 12 
(A)  ,   (B)   ,  (C)  ,  (D)   ,  
5 5  5 5 5 5   5 5

6. 3 circle of radii 1, 2 and 3 and centres at A, B and C respectively, touch each other. Another circle whose centre is P
touches all these 3 circles externally and has radius r. Also PAB   & PAC   -
3r 2r 6 6
(A) cos   (B) cos   (C) r  (D) r 
3(1  r ) 2(1  r) 23 23

7. The chords of contact of the pair of tangents drawn from each point on the line 2x + y = 4 to the circle
x2 + y2 = 1 pass through the point
1 1
(A) (1, 2) (B)  ,  (C) (2, 4) (D) none
2 4

8. Three distinct lines are drawn in a plane. Suppose there exist exactly n circles in the plane tangent to all the three
lines, then the possible values of n is/are
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 4

9. Circles are drawn touching the co-ordinate axis and having radius 2, then -
(A) centre of these circles lie on the pair of lines y2 – x2 = 0
(B) centre of these circles lie only on the line y = x
(C) Area of the quadrilateral whose vertices are centre of these circles is 16 [Link]

(D) Area of the circle touching these four circles internally is 4(3  2 2)

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10. If r represent the distance of a point from origin &  is the angle made by line joining origin to that point from line x-
axis, then r = |cos| represents -
1 1   1 
(A) two circles of radii each. (B) two circles centered at  , 0  &   , 0 
2 2   2 
(C) two circles touching each other at the origin. (D) pair of straight line

11. Consider the circles S1 : x2 + y2 = 4 and S2 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 4 = 0 which of the following statements are correct?
(A) Number of common tangents to these circles is 2.
(B) If the power of a variable point P w.r.t. these two circles is same then P moves on the
line x + 2y – 4 = 0.
(C) Sum of the y-intercepts of both the circles is 6.
(D) The circles S1 and S2 are orthogonal.

12. The equation of circles passing through (3, –6) touching both the axes is
(A) x2 + y2 – 6x + 6y + 9 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 + 6x – 6y + 9 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 + 30x – 30y + 225 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 – 30x + 30y + 225 = 0

13. Tangents are drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = 50 from a point 'P' lying on the x-axis. These tangents meet the y-
axis at points 'P 1' and 'P 2 '. Possible co-ordinates of 'P' so that area of triangle PP 1 P 2 is minimum
is/are -
(A) (10, 0) (B) (10 2, 0) (C) (–10, 0) (D) ( 10 2, 0)
x y
14. The equation of the circle which touches both the axes and the line + = 1 and lies in the first quadrant
3 4
is (x – c)2 + (y – c)2 = c2 where c is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 6
15. If y = c is a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y – 2 = 0, then the value of c can be -
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) –1 (D) –3

16. A family of linear functions is given by f (x) = 1 + c(x + 3) where c  R. If a member of this family meets a unit circle
centered at origin in two coincident points then 'c' can be equal to
(A) – 3/4 (B) 0 (C) 3/4 (D) 1

17. Equations of circles which pass through the points (1, –2) and (3, – 4) and touch the x-axis is
(A) x2 + y2 + 6x + 2y + 9 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 + 10x + 20y + 25 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y + 9 = 0 (D) none
18. The common chord of two intersecting circles C1 and C2 can be seen from their centres at the angles of 90° & 60°
respectively. If the distance between their centres is equal to 3 + 1 then the radii of C1 and C2 are -
(A) 3 and 3 (B) 2 and 2 2 (C) 2 and 2 (D) 2 2 and 4

19. If al2  bm2 + 2 dl + 1 = 0, where a, b, d are fixed real numbers such that a + b = d2 then the line lx + my + 1 = 0
touches a fixed circle :
(A) which cuts the xaxis orthogonally
(B) with radius equal to b
(C) on which the length of the tangent from the origin is d2  b
(D) none of these .

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20. The equation(s) of the tangent at the point (0, 0) to the circle, making intercepts of length 2a and 2b units on
the co-ordinate axes, is (are) -
(A) ax + by = 0 (B) ax – by = 0 (C) x = y (D) bx + ay = 0

21. Consider the circles

S1 : x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y + 1 = 0
S2 : x2 + y2 – 4x + 3 = 0
S3 : x2 + y2 + 6y + 5 = 0
Which of this following statements are correct?
(A) Radical centre of S1, S2 and S3 lies in 1st quadrant.
(B) Radical centre of S1, S2 and S3 lies in 4th quadrants.
(C) Radius of the circle intersecting S1, S2 and S3 orthogonally is 1.
(D) Circle orthogonal to S1, S2 and S3 has its x and y intercept equal to zero.

22. Locus of the intersection of the two straight lines passing through (1, 0) and (–1, 0) respectively and including an
angle of 45° can be a circle with
(A) centre (1, 0) and radius 2. (B) centre (1, 0) and radius 2.
(C) centre (0, 1) and radius 2. (D) centre (0, – 1) and radius 2.

Part # II [Assertion & Reason Type Questions]

These questions contains, Statement-I (assertion) and Statement-II (reason).

(A) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for statement-I.
(C) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is false.
(D) Statement-I is false, Statement-II is true.

1. Consider two circles C1  x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 6 = 0 & C2  x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 2 = 0.

Statement-I : Two tangents are drawn from a point on the circle C1 to the circle C2, then tangents always
perpendicular.
Statement-II : C1 is the director circle of C2.

2. Passing through a point A(6, 8) a variable secant line L is drawn to the circle
S : x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y + 5 = 0. From the point of intersection of L with S, a pair of tangent lines are drawn which
intersect at P.
Statement - I Locus of the point P has the equation 3x + 4y – 40 = 0.
Statement - II Point A lies outside the circle.

3. Statement - I Only one normal can be drawn through the point P(2, –3) to the circle
x2 + y2 – 4x + 8y – 16 = 0
Statement - II Passing through any point lying inside a given circle only one normal can be drawn.

4. Statement - I If three circles which are such that their centres are non-collinear, then exactly one circle exists
which cuts the three circles orthogonally.
Statement - II Radical axis for two intersecting circles is the common chord.

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5. Let C1 denotes a family of circles with centre on x-axis and touching the y-axis at the origin.
and C2 denotes a family of circles with centre on y-axis and touching the x-axis at the origin.
Statement - I Every member of C1 intersects any member of C2 at right angles at the point other than origin.
Statement - II If two circles intersect at 90° at one point of their intersection, then they must intersect at 90° on the
other point of intersection also.

6. Let C be a circle with centre 'O' and HK is the chord of contact of pair of the tangents from point A. OA intersects
the circle C at P and Q and B is the midpoint of HK, then
Statement - I AB is the harmonic mean of AP and AQ.
Statement - II AK is the Geometric mean of AB and AO and OA is the arithmetic mean of AP and AQ.

7. Statement - I Angle between the tangents drawn from the point P(13, 6) to the circle
S : x2 + y2 – 6x + 8y – 75 = 0 is 90°.
Statement - II Point P lies on the director circle of S.

8. Consider the lines

L : (k + 7)x – (k – 1)y – 4(k – 5) = 0 where k is a parameter
and the circle
C : x2 + y2 + 4x + 12y – 60 = 0
Statement - I Every member of L intersects the circle 'C' at an angle of 90°
Statement - II Every member of L is tangent to the circle C.

9. Statement - I The line (x – 3)cos+ (y –3)sin= 1 touches a circle (x – 3)2 + (y – 3)2 = 1 for all values of .
Statement - II xcos + ysin = a is a tangent of circle x2 + y2 = a2 for all values of .

10. Statement - I The circle C1 : x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y + 9 = 0 bisects the circumference of the circle

C2 : x2 + y2 – 8x – 6y + 23 = 0.
Statement - II Centre of the circle C1 lies on the circumference of C2.

11. Statement - I The length of intercept made by the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0 on the x-axis is 2.
 
Statement - II x2 + y2 – x – y = 0 is a circle which passes through origin with centre  ,  and
 2 2

 2  2
radius .
2

12. Consider the circles, S1 : x2 + y2 + 2x – 4 = 0 and S2 : x2 + y2 – y + 1 = 0

Statement - I Tangents from the point P(0, 5) on S1 and S2 are equal.
Statement - II Point P(0, 5) lies on the radical axis of the two circles.

13. A circle is circumscribed about an equilateral triangle ABC and a point P on the minor arc joining A and B, is chosen.
Let x = PA, y = PB and z = PC. (z is larger than both x and y.)
Statement - I Each of the possibilities (x + y) greater than z, equal to z or less than z, is possible for some P.
Statement - II In a triangle ABC, sum of the two sides of a triangle is greater than the third and the third side is
greater than the difference of the two.

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Exercise # 3 Part # I [Matrix Match Type Questions]

Following question contains statements given in two columns, which have to be matched. The statements in
Column-I are labelled as A, B, C and D while the statements in Column-II are labelled as p, q, r and s. Any given
statement in Column-I can have correct matching with one or more statement(s) in Column-II.
1. Column-I Column-II
(A) If point of intersection and number of common tangents of two (p) µ – = 3
circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y + 9 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 6x – 2y + 1 = 0
are and µ respectively, then
(B) If point of intersection and number of tangents of two circles (q) µ+=5
x2 + y2 – 6x = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2x = 0 are  and µ
respectively, then
(C) If the straight line y = mx  m  I touches or lies outside (r) µ–=4
the circle x2 + y2 – 20y + 90 = 0 and the maximum and
minimum values of |m| are µ &  respectively then
(D) If two circle x2 + y2 + px + py – 7 = 0 and (s) µ+=4
x2 + y2 – 10x + 2py + 1 = 0 cut orthogonally and
the value of p are  & µ respectively then

2. Column – I Column – II
(A) Number of values of a for which the common chord (p) 4
2 2 2 2
of the circles x + y = 8 and (x – a) + y = 8 subtends
a right angle at the origin is
(B) A chord of the circle (x – 1)2 + y2 = 4 lies along the (q) 2

line y = 22 3 (x – 1). The length of the chord is equal to

(C) The number of circles touching all the three lines (r) 0
3x + 7y = 2, 21x + 49y = 5 and 9x + 21y = 0 are
(D) If radii of the smallest and largest circle passing through (s) 1

the point  
3, 2 and touching the circle

x2 + y2 – 2 2 y – 2 = 0 are r1 and r2 respectively, then

the mean of r1 and r2 is

3. Column-I Column-II
(A) Two intersecting circles (p) have a common tangent

(B) Two circles touching each other (q) have a common normal

(C) Two non concentric circles, one strictly inside (r) do not have a common normal
the other

(D) Two concentric circles of different radii (s) do not have a radical axis.

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4. Column – I Column – II
(A) Number of common tangents of the circles (p) 1
2 2 2 2
x + y – 2x = 0 and x + y + 6x – 6y + 2 = 0 is
(B) Number of indirect common tangents of the circles (q) 2
x2 + y2 – 4x – 10y + 4 = 0 & x2 + y2 – 6x – 12y – 55 = 0 is
(C) Number of common tangents of the circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y = 0 (r) 3
2 2
& x + y – 8y – 4 = 0 is
(D) Number of direct common tangents of the circles (s) 0
2 2 2 2
x + y + 2x – 8y + 13 = 0 & x + y – 6x – 2y + 6 = 0 is

5. Column-I Column-II
(A) If the straight line y = kx  K I touches or passes outside (p) 1
the circle x2 + y2 – 20y + 90 = 0 then | k | can have the value
(B) Two circles x2 + y2 + px + py – 7 = 0 (q) 2
and x2 + y2 – 10x + 2py + 1 = 0 intersect each other orthogonally
then the value of p is
(C) If the equation x2 + y2 + 2x + 4 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 4y + 8 = 0 (r) 3
represent real circles then the value of  can be
(D) Each side of a square is of length 4. The centre of the square is (3, 7). (s) 5
One diagonal of the square is parallel to y = x. The possible abscissas
of the vertices of the square can be

Part # II [Comprehension Type Questions]

Comprehension # 1
Let A  (–3, 0) and B  (3, 0) be two fixed points and P moves on a plane such that PA = nPB (n  0).
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions :
1. If n  1, then locus of a point P is -
(A) a straight line (B) a circle (C) a parabola (D) an ellipse
2. If n = 1, then the locus of a point P is -
(A) a straight line (B) a circle (C) a parabola (D) a hyperbola
3. If 0 < n < 1, then -
(A) A lies inside the circle and B lies outside the circle
(B) A lies outside the circle and B lies inside the circle
(C) both A and B lies on the circle (D) both A and B lies inside the circle
4. If n > 1, then -
(A) A lies inside the circle and B lies outside the circle (B) A lies outside the circle and B lies inside the circle
(C) both A and B lies on the circle (D) both A and B lies inside the circle
5. If locus of P is a circle, then the circle -
(A) passes through A and B (B) never passes through A and B
(C) passes through A but does not pass through B (D) passes through B but does not pass through A

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Comprehension # 2

Two circles are S1 (x + 3)2 + y2 = 9 S2 (x – 5)2 + y2 = 16 with centres C1 & C2
1. A direct common tangent is drawn from a point P which touches S1 & S2 at Q & R, respectively. Find the ratio
of area of PQC1 & PRC2.
(A) 3 : 4 (B) 9 : 16 (C) 16 : 9 (D) 4 : 3
2. From point 'A' on S2 which is nearest to C1, a variable chord is drawn to S1. The locus of mid point of the chord.
(A) circle (B) Diameter of s1
(C) Arc of a circle (D) chord of s1 but not diameter
3. Locus of 7 cuts the circle S1 at B & C, then line segment BC subtends an angle on the major arc of circle S1 is
3  4
(A) cos–1 (B) – tan–1
4 2 3
 1 3  4
(C) – tan–1 (D) cot–1
2 2 4 2 3

Comprehension # 3

Consider a line pair ax2 + 3xy – 2y2 – 5x + 5y + c = 0 representing perpendicular lines intersecting each other at C and
forming a triangle ABC with the x-axis.
1. If x1 and x2 are intercepts on the x-axis and y1 and y2 are the intercepts on the y-axis then the sum (x1 + x2 + y1 + y2)
is equal to

(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 3

2. Distance between the orthocentre and circumcentre of the triangle ABC is

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 7/4 (D) 9/4

3. If the circle x2 + y2 – 4y + k = 0 is orthogonal with the circumcircle of the triangle ABC then 'k' equals

(A) 1/2 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3/2

Comprehension # 4

Let S1, S2, S3 be the circles x2 + y2 + 3x + 2y + 1 = 0, x2 + y2 – x + 6y + 5 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 5x – 8y + 15 = 0, then

1. Point from which length of tangents to these three circles is same is

(A) (1, 0) (B) (3, 2) (C) (10, 5) (D) (– 2, 1)

2. Equation of circle S4 which cut orthogonally to all given circle is

(A) x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y – 14 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y – 14 = 0

(C) x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y + 14 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y – 14 = 0

3. Radical centre of circles S1, S2, & S4 is

 3 8  4 3
(A)  – , –  (B) (3, 2) (C) (1, 0) (D)  – , – 
 5 5  5 2

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Comprehension # 5

P is a variable point of the line L = 0. Tangents are drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = 4 from P to touch it at Q and
R. The parallelogram PQSR is completed.
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions :
1. If L  2x + y – 6 = 0, then the locus of circumcetre of PQR is -
(A) 2x – y = 4 (B) 2x + y = 3 (C) x – 2y = 4 (D) x + 2y = 3
2. If P  (6, 8), then the area of QRS is -

(6)3/2 (24)3/2 48 6 192 6

(A)  sq. units (B) sq. units (C) sq. units (D) sq. units
25 25 25 25

3. If P  (3, 4), then coordinate of S is -

 46 63   51 68   46 68   68 51 
(A)   ,   (B)   ,   (C)   ,   (D)   ,  
 25 25   25 25   25 25   25 25 

Comprehension # 6

Let C be a circle of radius r with centre at O. Let P be a point outside C and D be a point on C. A line through P
intersects C at Q and R, S is the midpoint of QR.

1. For different choices of line through P, the curve on which S lies, is

(A) a straight line (B) an arc of circle with P as centre

(C) an arc of circle with PS as diameter (D) an arc of circle with OP as diameter

2. Let P is situated at a distance 'd' from centre O, then which of the following does not equal the product (PQ) (PR)?

(A) d2 – r2 (B) PT2, where T is a point on C and PT is tangent to C

(C) (PS)2 – (QS)(RS) (D) (PS)2

3. Let XYZ be an equilateral triangle inscribed in C. If , ,  denote the distances of D from vertices X, Y, Z respectively,
the value of product ( +  – ) ( +  – ) ( +  – ), is

 3  3   3  3
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) None of these
8 6

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Comprehension # 7

Let A, B, C be three sets of real numbers (x, y) defined as

A : {(x, y) : y  1} B : {(x, y): x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y – 4 = 0} C : {(x, y): x + y = 2}

1. Number of elements in the A  B  C is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinite

2. (x + 1)2 + (y – 1)2 + (x – 5)2 + (y – 1)2 has the value equal to

(A) 16 (B) 25 (C) 36 (D) 49

3. If the locus of the point of intersection of the pair of perpendicular tangents to the circle B is the curve S then the
area enclosed between B and S is
(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 9 (D) 18

Comprehension # 8

Consider a circle x2 + y2 = 4 and a point P(4, 2).  denotes the angle enclosed by the tangents from P on the circle and
A, B are the points of contact of the tangents from P on the circle.

1. The value of  lies in the interval

(A) (0, 15°) (B) (15°, 30°) (C) 30°, 45°) (D) (45°, 60°)

2. The intercept made by a tangent on the x-axis is

(A) 9/4 (B) 10/4 (C) 11/4 (D) 12/4

3. Locus of the middle points of the portion of the tangent to the circle terminated by the coordinate axes is

(A) x–2 + y–2 = 1–2 (B) x–2 + y–2 = 2–2 (C) x–2 + y–2 = 3–2 (D) x–2 – y–2 = 4–2

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Exercise # 4 [Subjective Type Questions]

1. Find the equation of the circle which cuts each of the circles x² + y² = 4 , x² + y²  6x  8y + 10 = 0
& x² + y² + 2x  4y  2 = 0 at the extremities of a diameter.

2. Find the equation of the circle inscribed in a triangle formed by the lines 3x + 4y = 12 ; 5x + 12y = 4 &
8y = 15x + 10 without finding the vertices of the triangle.

3. Find the equation of a circle which is co-axial with circles 2x² + 2y²  2x + 6y  3 = 0 & x² + y² + 4x + 2y + 1 = 0. It is given
that the centre of the circle to be determined lies on the radical axis of these two circles.

4. (x1, y1) & (x2, y2) are the ends of a diameter of a circle such that x1 & x2 are the roots of ax² + bx + c = 0 & y1 & y2
are roots of py² + qy + r = 0. Find the equation of the circle, its centre & radius.

5. Consider a curve ax2 + 2 hxy + by2 = 1 and a point P not on the curve. A line is drawn from the point P intersects the
curve at points Q & R. If the product PQ · PR is independent of the slope of the line, then show that the curve is a
circle.

6. The line x + my + n = 0 intersects the curve ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 1 at the point P and Q. The circle on PQ as diameter
passes through the origin. Prove that n2(a + b) = 2 + m2.

7. Find the locus of the mid point of the chord of a circle x² + y² = 4 such that the segment intercepted by the
chord on the curve x²  2x  2y = 0 subtends a right angle at the origin.

8. A variable circle passes through the point A (a, b) & touches the x-axis ; show that the locus of the other end of the
diameter through A is (x  a)² = 4by.

9. If 32 + 6 + 1 – 6m2 = 0, then find the equation of the circle for which x + my + 1 = 0 is a tangent.

10. Prove that the length of the common chord of the two circles x² + y² = a² and (x  c)² + y² = b² is

1
(a  b  c) (a  b  c) (a  b  c) (a  b  c) , where a, b, c > 0.
c

11. Obtain the equations of the straight lines passing through the point A(2, 0) & making 45° angle with the tangent at
A to the circle (x + 2)² + (y  3)² = 25. Find the equations of the circles each of radius 3 whose centres are on these
straight lines at a distance of 5 2 from A.

12. Show that the locus of the point the tangents from which to the circle x² + y²  a² = 0 include a constant angle  is
(x² + y²  2a²)² tan²  = 4a² (x² + y²  a²).

13. The curves whose equations are

S = ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0

S = ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0

intersect in four concyclic points then, what is the relation between a,b,h,abh

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14. A circle touches the line y = x at a point P such that OP = 4 2 , where O is the origin. The circle contains the point

(–10,2) in its interior and the length of its chord on the line x + y = 0 is 6 2 . Determine the equation of the circle.

15. If the line x sin – y + a sec = 0 touches the circle with radius 'a' and centre at the origin then find the most general
values of '' and sum of the values of '' lying in [0, 100].

16. P is a variable point on the circle with centre at C . CA & CB are perpendiculars from C on x-axis & y-axis
respectively. Show that the locus of the centroid of the triangle PAB is a circle with centre at the centroid of the
triangle CAB & radius equal to one third of the radius of the given circle.

17. Show that the equation x2 + y2  2x  2 y  8 = 0 represents, for different values of , a system of circles passing
through two fixed points A, B on the x  axis, and find the equation of that circle of the system the tangents to
which at A & B meet on the line x + 2y + 5 = 0.

18. A circle touches the line y = x at a point P such that OP = 4 2 where O is the origin. The circle contains the
point (10, 2) in its interior and the length of its chord on the line x + y = 0 is 6 2 . Find the equation of the
circle.

 1  2a 1  2a 
19. Find the intervals of values of 'a' for which the line y + x = 0 bisects two chords drawn from a point  , 
 2 2 

   
to the circle 2x2 + 2y2 – 1  2a x – 1  2a y = 0.

20. Show that the locus of the centres of a circle which cuts two given circles orthogonally is a straight line &
hence deduce the locus of the centre of the circles which cut the circles x² + y² + 4x  6y + 9 = 0 &
x² + y²  5x + 4y + 2 = 0 orthogonally.

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Exercise # 5 Part # I [Previous Year Questions] [AIEEE/JEE-MAIN]

1. The square of the length of tangent from (3, –4) on the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 3 = 0

(A) 20 (B) 30 (C) 40 (D) 50

2. Radical axis of the circles x2 + y2 + 6x – 2y –9 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 2x + 9y – 11 = 0 is-

(A) 8x – 11y + 2 = 0 (B) 8x + 11y + 2 = 0 (C) 8x + 11y – 2 = 0 (D) 8x – 11y – 2 = 0

3. If the two circles (x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = r2 and x2 + y2 – 8x + 2y + 8 = 0 intersect in two distinct points, then-

(A) r > 2 (B) 2 < r < 8 (C) r < 2 (D) r = 2

4. The lines 2x – 3y = 5 and 3x – 4y = 7 are diameters of a circle having area as 154 sq. units. Then the equation of the
circle is-

(A) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y = 62 (B) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y = 62

(C) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y = 47 (D) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y = 47

5. If a circle passes through the point (a, b) and cuts the circle x2 + y2 = 4 orthogonally, then the locus of its centre is-

(A) 2ax + 2by + (a2 + b2 + 4) = 0 (B) 2ax + 2by – (a2 + b2 + 4) = 0

(C) 2ax – 2by + (a2 + b2 + 4) = 0 (D) 2ax – 2by – (a2 + b2 + 4) = 0

6. A variable circle passes through the fixed point A(p, q) and touches x-axis. The locus of the other end of the diameter
through A is-

(A) (x – p)2 = 4qy (B) (x – q)2 = 4py (C) (y – p)2 = 4qx (D) (y – q)2 = 4px

7. If the lines 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 and 3x – y – 4 = 0 lie along diameters of a circle of circumference 10, then the equation of
the circle is-
(A) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y – 23 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 23 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 23 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y – 23 = 0
8. The intercept on the line y = x by the circle x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 is AB. Equation of the circle on AB as a diameter is-

(A) x2 + y2 – x – y = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – x + y = 0 (C) x2 + y2 + x + y = 0 (D) x2 + y2 + x – y = 0

9. If the circles x2 + y2 + 2ax + cy + a = 0 and x2 + y2 – 3ax + dy – 1 = 0 intersect in two distinct point P and Q then the line
5x + by – a = 0 passes through P and Q for-

(A) exactly one value of a (B) no value of a

(C) infinitely many values of a (D) exactly two values of a

10. A circle touches the x-axis and also touches the circle with centre at (0, 3) and radius 2. The locus of the centre of the
circle is-

(A) an ellipse (B) a circle (C) a hyperbola (D) a parabola

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11. If a circle passes through the point (a, b) and cuts the circle x2 + y2 = p2 orthogonally, then the equation of the locus
of its centre is-
(A) x2 + y2 – 3ax – 4by + (a2 + b2 – p2) = 0 (B) 2ax + 2by – (a2 – b2 + p2) = 0
(C) x2 + y2 – 2ax – 3by + (a2 – b2 – p2) = 0 (D) 2ax + 2by – (a2 + b2 + p2) = 0

12. If the pair of lines ax2 + 2(a + b)xy + by2 = 0 lie along diameters of a circle and divide the circle into four sectors such
that the area of one of the sectors is thrice the area of another sector then-
(A) 3a2 – 10ab + 3b2 = 0 (B) 3a2 – 2ab + 3b2 = 0
(C) 3a2 + 10ab + 3b2 = 0 (D) 3a2 + 2ab + 3b2 = 0

13. If the lines 3x – 4y – 7 = 0 and 2x – 3y – 5 = 0 are two diameters of a circle of area 49square units, the equation of
the circle is-
(A) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y – 62 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y – 62 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y – 47 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y – 47 = 0
14. Let C be the circle with centre (0, 0) and radius 3 units. The equation of the locus of the mid points of the chords of
2
the circle C that subtend an angle of at its centre is -
3
27 9 3
(A) x2 + y2 = 1 (B) x2 + y2 = (C) x2 + y2 = (D) x2 + y2 =
4 4 2
15. Consider a family of circles which are passing through the point (–1, 1) and are tangent to x-axis. If (h, k) are the co-
ordinates of the centre of the circles, then the set of values of k is given by the interval-
(A) 0 < k < 1/2 (B) k 1/2 (C) –1/2 k 1/2 (D) k 1/2
16. The point diametrically opposite to the point (1, 0) on the circle x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y – 3 = 0 is-
(A) (3, –4) (B) (–3, 4) (C) (–3, –4) (D) (3, 4)
17. Three distinct points A, B and C are given in the 2–dimensional coordinate plane such that the ratio of the distance
1
of any one of them from the point (1, 0) to the distance from the point (–1, 0) is equal to . Then the circumcentre
3

of the triangle ABC is at the point :-

5  5  5 
(A)  , 0  (B)  , 0  (C) (0, 0) (D)  , 0 
2  3  4 
18. If P and Q are the points of intersection of the circles x 2 + y 2 + 3x + 7y + 2p – 5 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – p2 = 0, then there is a circle passing through P, Q and (1, 1) for :-
(A) All except two values of p (B) Exactly one value of p
(C) All values of p (D) All except one value of p

19. For a regular polygon, let r and R be the radii of the inscribed and the circumscribed circles. A false statement among
the following is :-
r 1 r 1
(A) There is a regular polygon with  (B) There is a regular polygon with 
R 2 R 2

r 2 r 3
(C) There is a regular polygon with  (D) There is a regular polygon with 
R 3 R 2
20. The circle x2 + y2 = 4x + 8y + 5 intersects the line 3x – 4y = m at two distinct points if :-

(A) – 85 < m < – 35 (B) – 35 < m < 15 (C) 15 < m < 65 (D) 35 < m < 85

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21. The two circles x2 + y2 = ax and x2 + y2 = c2 (c>0) touch each other if :-

(A) a = 2c (B) |a| = 2c (C) 2|a| = c (D) |a| = c

22. The equation of the circle passing through the points (1, 0) and (0, 1) and having the smallest radius is:
(A) x2 + y2 + x + y – 2 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 – x – y = 0 (C) x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 7 = 0
23. The length of the diameter of the circle which touches the x-axis at the point (1, 0) and passes through the point
(2, 3) is :
(A) 5/3 (B) 10/3 (C) 3/5 (D) 6/5

24. The circle passing through (1, – 2) and touching the axis of x at (3, 0) also passes through the point :
(A) (–5, 2) (B) (2, –5) (C) (5, –2) (D) (–2, 5)
25. Let C be the circle with centre at (1, 1) and radius = 1. If T is the circle centered at (0, y), passing through origin
and touching the circle C externally, then the radius of T is equal to :

3 3 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 4

26. Locus of the image of the point (2, 3) in the line (2x – 3y + 4) + k (x – 2y + 3) = 0, k  R, is a :
(A) circle of radius 2 (B) circle of radius 3
(C) straight line parallel to x-axis (D) straight line parallel to y-axis
27. The number of common tangents to the circles x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0, is :
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 1 (D) 2
28. The centres of those circle which touch the circle, x2 + y2 – 8x – 8y – 4 = 0, externally and also touch the x-axis, lie on :

(A) an ellipse which is not a circle (B) a hyperbola

(C) a parabola (D) a circle
29. If one of the diameters of the circle, given by the equation, x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 12= 0, is a chord of a circle S, whose
centre is at (–3, 2), then the radius of S is :

(A) 5 3 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 5 2

Part # II [Previous Year Questions][IIT-JEE ADVANCED]

1. Let PQ and RS be tangents at the extremities of the diameter PR of a circle of radius r. If PS and RQ intersect at a point
X on the circumference of the circle then 2r equals
2 2
PQ  RS 2PQ  RS  PQ    RS 
(A) PQ  RS (B) (C) (D)
2 PQ  RS 2
2. Let 2x2 + y2 – 3xy = 0 be the equation of a pair of tangents drawn from the origin 'O' to a circle of radius 3 with centre
in the first quadrant. If A is one of the points of contact, find the length of OA.

3. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the points of intersection of circles
x 2 + y 2 – 2x – 6y + 6 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 2x – 6y + 6 = 0 and intersects the circle
x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 4 = 0 orthogonally.

4. Tangents TP and TQ are drawn from a point T to the circle x2 + y2 = a2. If the point T lies on the line px + qy = r, find

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the locus of centre of the circumcircle of triangle TPQ.

5. If the tangent at the point P on the circle x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y = 2 meets the straight line 5x – 2y + 6 = 0 at a point Q on
the y-axis, then the length of PQ is

(A) 4 (B) 2 5 (C) 5 (D) 3 5

6. If a > 2b > 0 then the positive value of m for which y = mx – b 1  m2 is a common tangent to
x2 + y2 = b2 and (x – a)2 + y2 = b2 is

2b a2  4b2 2b b
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2
a  4b 2 2b a  2b a  2b

7. The radius of the circle, having centre at (2, 1), whose one of the chord is a diameter of the circle
x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y + 6 = 0
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 3

8. Line 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 is a tangent to a circle at (1, –1). This circle is orthogonal to a circle which is drawn having
diameter as a line segment with end points (0, –1) and (– 2, 3). Find equation of circle.

9. A circle is given by x2 + (y – 1)2 = 1, another circle C touches it externally and also the x-axis, then the locus of its
centre is
(A) {(x, y) : x2 = 4y}  {(x, y) : y  0} (B) {(x, y) : x2 + (y – 1)2 = 4}  {x, y) : y  0}
(C) {(x, y) : x2 = y}  {(0, y) : y  0} (D) {(x, y) : x2 = 4y}  {(0, y) : y  0}

10. Let ABCD be a quadrilateral with area 18, with side AB parallel to the side CD and AB = 2CD. Let AD be
perpendicular to AB and CD. If a circle is drawn inside the quadrilateral ABCD touching all the sides, then its
radius is

(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 3/2 (D) 1

11. Tangents are drawn from the point (17, 7) to the circle x2 + y2 = 169.

Statement-1 : The tangents are mutually perpendicular.

Statement-2 : The locus of the points from which mutually perpendicular tangents can be drawn to the given circle
is x2 + y2 = 338.

(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

12. Consider the two curves C1 : y2 = 4x ; C2 : x2 + y2 – 6x + 1 = 0. Then,

(A) C1 and C2 touch each other only at one point

(B) C1 and C2 touch each other exactly at two points
(C) C1 and C2 intersect (but do not touch) at exactly two points
(D) C1 and C2 neither intersect nor touch each other

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13. Consider, L1 : 2x + 3y + p – 3 = 0 ; L2 : 2x + 3y + p + 3 = 0,

where p is a real number, and C : x2 + y2 + 6x – 10y + 30 = 0.

Statement-1 : If line L1 is a chord of circle C, then line L2 is not always a diameter of circle C.
Statement-2 : If line L1 is a diameter of circle C, then line L2 is not a chord of circle C.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True
14. Comprehension
A circle C of radius 1 is inscribed in an equilateral triangle PQR. The points of contact of C with the sides PQ, QR, RP
3 3 3
are D, E, F respectively. The line PQ is given by the equation 3 x + y – 6 = 0 and the point D is  , .
 2 2 
Further, it is given that the origin and the centre of C are on the same side of the line PQ.
(i) The equation of circle C is
1 2
(A) (x – 2 3 )2 + (y – 1)2 = 1 (B) (x – 2 3 )2 + (y + ) =1
2

(C) (x – 3 )2 + (y + 1)2 = 1 (D) (x – 3 )2 + (y – 1)2 = 1

(ii) Points E and F are given by

 3 3  3 1
(A)  ,
 2 2 
,  3,0  (B)  ,
 2 2 
,  3, 0 
   

 3 3  3 1 3 3  3 1
(C)  2 , 2  ,  2 , 2  (D)  , ,  , 

    2 2   2 2
(iii) Equations of the sides RP, RQ are
2 2 1
(A) y = x + 1, y = – x–1 (B) y = x, y = 0
3 3 3

3 3
(C) y = x + 1, y = – x–1 (D) y = 3 x, y = 0
2 2
15. Tangents drawn from the point P(l, 8) to the circle x 2 + y2 – 6x – 4y – 11 = 0 touch the circle
at the points A and B. The equation of the circumcircle of the triangle PAB is
(A) x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 19 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 4x – 10y + 19 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y – 29 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y + 19 = 0

16. The centres of two circles C1 and C2 each of unit radius are at a distance of 6 units from each other. Let P be the
mid point of the line segment joining the centres of C1 and C2 and C be a circle touching circles C1 and C2
externally. If a common tangent to C1 and C passing through P is also a common tangent to C2 and C, then the
radius of the circle C is
17. Two parallel chords of a circle of radius 2 are at a distance 3  1 apart. If the chords subtend at the center,,
 2
angles of and , where k > 0, then the value of [k] is
k k
[Note : [k] denotes the largest integer less than or equal to k]

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18. The circle passing through the point (–1,0) and touching the y-axis at (0, 2) also passes through the point -
 3   5   3 5
(A)   ,0  (B)   ,2  (C)   ,  (D) (–4,0)
 2   2   2 2

19. The straight line 2x – 3y = 1 divides the circular region x2 + y2  6 into two parts. If
 3   5 3   1 1   1 1  
S   2,  ,  ,  ,  ,   ,  ,   ,
 4   2 4   4 4   8 4  
then the number of point(s) in S lying inside the smaller part is

20. The locus of the mid-point of the chord of contact of tangents drawn from points lying on the straight line
2 2
4x – 5y = 20 to the circle x + y = 9 is-
2 2 2 2
(A) 20(x + y ) – 36x + 45y = 0 (B) 20(x + y ) + 36x – 45y = 0
2 2 2 2
(C) 36(x + y ) – 20x + 45y = 0 (D) 36(x + y ) + 20x – 45y = 0

Paragraph for Question 21 and 22

A tangent PT is drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = 4 at the point P  
3, 1 . A straight line L, perpendicular to PT is a
2 2
tangent to the circle (x – 3) + y = 1.

21. A common tangent of the two circles is

(A) x = 4 (B) y = 2 (C) x  3y  4 (D) x  2 2y  6

22. A possible equation of L is

(A) x  3y  1 (B) x  3y  1 (C) x  3y  1 (D) x  3y  5

23. Circle(s) touching x-axis at a distance 3 from the origin and having an intercept of length 2 7 or y-axis
is (are)
2 2 2 2
(A) x + y – 6x + 8y + 9 = 0 (B) x + y – 6x + 7y + 9 = 0
2 2 2 2
(C) x + y – 6x – 8y + 9 = 0 (D) x + y – 6x – 7y + 9 = 0

24. A circle S passes through the point (0, 1) and is orthogonal to the circles (x – 1)2 + y2 = 16 and x2 + y2 = 1. Then,
(A) radius of S is 8 (B) radius of S is 7
(C) centre of S is (–7, 1) (D) centre of S is (–8, 1)

25. Let RS be the diameter of the circle x2 + y2 = 1, where S is the point (1, 0). Let P be a variable point (other than R and
S) on the circle and tangents to the circle at S and P meets at the point Q. The normal to the circle at P intersects a
line drawn through Q parallel to RS at point E. Then the locus of E passes through the point(s)
1 1  1 1 1 1  1 1
(A)  ,  (B)  ,  (C)  ,   (D)  ,  
3 3 4 2 3 3 4 2

26. The circle C1 : x2 + y2 = 3, with centre at O, intersects the parabola x2 = 2y at the point P in the first quadrant. Let the
tangent to the circle C1 at P touches other two circles C2 and C3 at R2 and R3, respectively. Suppose C2 and C3 have
equal radii 2 3 and centres Q2 and Q3, respectively. If Q2 and Q3 lie on the y-axis, then
(A) Q2Q3 = 12 (B) R2R3 = 4 6
(C) area of the triangle OR2R3 is 6 2 (D) area of the triangle PQ2Q3 is 4 2

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MOCK TEST
SECTION - I : STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE

1. The axes are translated so that the new equation of the circle x² + y²  5x + 2y  5 = 0 has no first degree terms.
Then the new equation is :
49 81
(A) x² + y² = 9 (B) x² + y² = (C) x² + y² = (D) none of these
4 16
2. S(x, y) = 0 represents a circle. The equation S(x, 2) = 0 gives two identical solutions x = 1 and the equation
S(1, y) = 0 gives two distinct solutions y = 0, 2. Find the equation of the circle.
(A) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y + 1 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y + 1 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 1 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0

3. A line meets the coordinate axes in A and B. A circle is circumscribed about the triangle OAB. If d 1 and d 2 are
the distances of the tangent to the circle at the origin O from the points A and B respectively, then diameter
of the circle is:
2d1  d 2 d1  2d 2 d1d 2
(A) (B) (C) d 1 + d2 (D)
2 2 d1  d 2
4. Consider a family of circles passing through two fixed points A (3,7) & B(6,5). Find the point of concurrency of the
chords in which the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 3 = 0 cuts the members of the family :

 11 3   23 
(A)  ,  (B)  2 ,  (C) (–4 , 3) (D) chords are not concurrent
 17 7   3 

5. A circle is inscribed (i.e. touches all four sides ) into a rhombous ABCD with one angle 60º. The distance from
the centre of the circle to the nearest vertex is equal to 1. If P is any point of the circle, then
2 2 2 2
PA  PB  PC  PD is equal to:
(A) 12 (B) 11 (C) 10 (D) 13

6. If the radius of the circumcircle of the triangle TPQ, where PQ is chord of contact corresponding to point T with
respect to circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y – 11 = 0, is 6 units, then minimum distance of T from the director circle of the given
circle is:
(A) 6 (B) 12 (C) 6 2 (D) 12 – 4 2

7. Consider points A ( 13, 0) and B (2 13, 0) lying on x-axis. These points are rotated in an-anticlockwise
2
direction about the origin through an angle of tan–1   . Let the new position of A and B be A and B
3
2 13 13
respectively. With A as centre and radius a circle C1 is drawn and with B as a centre and radius
3 3
circle C2 is drawn. The radical axis of C1 and C2 is :
(A) 9x + 6y = 65 (B) 3x + 3y = 10 (C) 3x + 2y = 20 (D) none of these

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x
8. A circle touches the lines y  , y = x 3 and has unit radius. If the centre of this circle lies in the first quadrant,
3
then one possible equation of this circle is -
(A) x2 + y2 – 2x ( 3 + 1) – 2y ( 3 +1) + 8 + 4 3 = 0

(B) x2 + y2 – 2x ( 3 + 1) – 2y ( 3 +1) + 5 + 4 3 = 0

(C) x2 + y2 – 2x ( 3 + 1) – 2y ( 3 +1) + 7 + 4 3 = 0

(D) x2 + y2 – 2x ( 3 + 1) – 2y ( 3 +1) + 6 + 4 3 = 0

9. A circle of constant radius ‘r’ passes through origin O and cuts the axes of coordinates in points P and Q,
then the equation of the locus of the foot of perpendicular from O to PQ is :
(A) (x2 + y2) (x–2 + y–2) = 4r2 (B) (x2 + y2)2 (x–2 + y–2) = r2
(C) (x2 + y2)2 (x–2 + y–2) = 4r2 (D) (x2 + y2) (x–2 + y–2) = r2

10. S1 : If the length of tangent drawn from an external point P to the circle of radius r is  , then area of

r3
triangle formed by pair of tangents and its chord of contact is .
r  2
2

S2 : If the points where the lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 meet the co-ordinate axes are
concyclic, then a1c1 = a2c2
S3 : A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle of side a, the area of any square inscribed in the

a2
circle is
8
S4 : The equation of the circle with origin as centre passing the vertices of an equilateral triangle whose
median is of length 3a is x2 + y2 = 4a2

(A) F F T T (B) T T T F (C) T F F T (D) T T T T

SECTION - II : MULTIPLE CORRECT ANSWER TYPE

11. Consider the circle x2 + y2 – 10x – 6y + 30 = 0. Let O be the centre of the circle and tangent at A(7, 3) and
B(5, 1) meet at C. Let S = 0 represents family of circles passing through A and B, then -
(A) area of quadrilateral OACB = 4
(B) the radical axis for the family of circles S = 0 is x + y = 10
(C) the smallest possible circle of the family S = 0 is x2 + y2 – 12x – 4y + 38 = 0
(D) the coordinates of point C are (7, 1)

12. The centre of a circle passing through the points (0, 0), (1, 0) & touching the circle x2 + y2 = 9 is :

3 1 1  1 1 1 
(A)  ,  (B)  , 2  (C)  ,  (D)  ,  2 
2 2  2  2 2 2 

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13. Point M moved on the circle (x  4)2 + (y  8)2 = 20. Then it broke away from it and moving along a tangent to
the circle, cuts the xaxis at the point ( 2, 0). The co ordinates of a point on the circle at which the moving
point broke away is
3 46   2 44 
(A)   ,  (B)   ,  (C) (6, 4) (D) (3, 5)
 5 5   5 5 

14. If a 2  bm2 + 2 d  + 1 = 0 , where a, b, d are fixed real numbers such that a + b = d 2 , then the line
x + my + 1 = 0 touches a fixed circle
(A) which cuts the xaxis orthogonally
(B) with radius equal to b
(C) on which the length of the tangent from the origin is d 2  b
(D) none of these.

15. If the area of the quadrilateral formed by the tangents from the origin to the circle
x2 + y2 + 6x –10y + c = 0 and the radii corresponding to the points of contact is 15, then values of c is/are
(A) 9 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 25

SECTION - III : ASSERTION AND REASON TYPE

16. Consider the lines

L : (k + 7)x – (k – 1)y – 4(k – 5) = 0 where k is a parameter
and the circle
C : x2 + y2 + 4x + 12y – 60 = 0
Statement-I : Every member of L intersects the circle 'C' at an angle of 90°
Statement-II : Every member of L is tangent to the circle C.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

17. Let C be a circle with centre 'O' and HK is the chord of contact of pair of the tangents from point A. OA intersects
the circle C at P and Q and B is the midpoint of HK, then
Statement-I : AB is the harmonic mean of AP and AQ.
Statement-II : AK is the Geometric mean of AB and AO and OA is the arithmetic mean of AP and AQ.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

18. Statement-I : Let S1 : x2 + y2 – 10x – 12y – 39 = 0 S2 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 = 0

and S3 : 2x2
+ 2y2– 20x – 24y + 78 = 0
The radical centre of these circles taken pairwise is (–2, –3)
Statement-II : Point of intersection of three radical axis of three circles taken in pairs is known as radical centre
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True

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19. Statement-I : Angle between the tangents drawn from the point P(13, 6) to the circle S : x2 + y2 – 6x + 8y – 75 = 0 is 90°.
Statement-II : Point P lies on the director circle of S.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
20. Statement-I : Only one normal can be drawn through the point P(2, –3) to the circle
x2 + y2 – 4x + 8y – 16 = 0
Statement-II : Passing through any point lying inside a given circle only one normal can be drawn.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

SECTION - IV : MATRIX - MATCH TYPE

21. Column-I Column-II

(A) If the straight line y = kx  K I touches or passes outside (p) 1
the circle x2 + y2 – 20y + 90 = 0 then | k | can have the value

(B) Two circles x2 + y2 + px + py – 7 = 0 (q) 2

and x2 + y2 – 10x + 2py + 1 = 0 intersect each other orthogonally
then the value of p is
(C) If the equation x2 + y2 + 2x + 4 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 4y + 8 = 0 (r) 3
represent real circles then the value of  can be

(D) Each side of a square is of length 4. The centre of the square is (3, 7). (s) 5
One diagonal of the square is parallel to y = x. The possible abscissae
of the vertices of the square can be

22. Column –  Column – 

(A) If ax + by – 5 = 0 is the equation of the chord of the circle (p) 6
(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = 4, which passes through (2, 3) and at the
greatest distance from the centre of the circle, then |a + b| is
equal to -
(B) Let O be the origin and P be a variable point on the circle (q) 3
x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y = 0. If the locus of mid-point of OP is
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0, then the value of (g + f) is equal to -
(C) The x-coordinates of the centre of the smallest circle (r) 2
which cuts the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 4 = 0 and
x2 + y2 – 10x + 12y + 52 = 0 orthogonally, is -
(D) If  be the angle between two tangents which are drawn to the (s) 1
circle x2 + y2 – 6 3 x – 6y + 27 = 0 from the origin, then
2 3 tan  equals to -

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SECTION - V : COMPREHENSION TYPE

23. Read the following comprehension carefully and answer the questions.
Let C be a circle of radius r with centre at O. Let P be a point outside C and D be a point on C. A line through P
intersects C at Q and R, S is the midpoint of QR.

1. For different choices of line through P, the curve on which S lies, is

(A) a straight line (B) an arc of circle with P as centre
(C) an arc of circle with PS as diameter (D) an arc of circle with OP as diameter
2. Let P is situated at a distance 'd' from centre O, then which of the following does not equal the product (PQ) (PR) ?
(A) d2 – r2 (B) PT2, where T is a point on C and PT is tangent to C
(C) (PS)2 – (QS)(RS) (D) (PS)2

3. Let XYZ be an equilateral triangle inscribed in C. If , ,  denote the distances of D from vertices X, Y, Z respectively,
the value of product ( +  – ) ( +  – ) ( +  – ), is
  3  3   3  3
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) None of these
8 6

24. Read the following comprehension carefully and answer the questions.
Two variable chords AB and BC of a circle x2 + y2 = a2 are such that AB = A P
T
BC = a, and M and N are a
m
M
The mid points of AB and BC respectively such that line joining MN B
a
intersect the circle at P and Q where P is closer to AB and O is the
a a
N
centre of the circle O Q
a
C

1. OAB is -
(A) 30° (B) 60° (C) 45° (D) 15°

2. Angle between tangents at A and C is -

(A) 90° (B) 120° (C) 60° (D) 150°

3. Locus of point of intersection of tangents at A and C is

(A) x2 + y2 = a2 (B) x2 + y2 = 2a2 (C) x2 + y2 = 4a2 (D) x2 + y2 = 8a2

25. Read the following comprehension carefully and answer the questions.
Consider the two quadratic polynomials
x2 x2
Ca : y =  ax  a 2  a  2 and C : y = 2 –
4 4
1. If the origin lies between the zeroes of the polynomial Ca then the number of integral value(s) of 'a' is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) more than 3

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 CIRCLE

2. If 'a' varies then the equation of the locus of the vertex of Ca , is

(A) x – 2y – 4 = 0 (B) 2x – y – 4 = 0 (C) x – 2y + 4 = 0 (D) 2x + y – 4 = 0

3. For a = 3, if the lines y = m1x + c1 and y = m2x + c2 are common tangents to the graph of Ca and C then the value of
(m1 + m2) is equal to
(A) – 6 (B) – 3 (C) 1/2 (D) none

SECTION - VI : INTEGER TYPE

26. The lines 5x + 12 y  10 = 0 and 5x  12y  40 = 0 touch a circle C1 of diameter 6 unit. If the centre of C1 lies in
the first quadrant, find the equation of the circle C2 which is concentric with C1 and cuts of intercepts of
length 8 on these lines.

27. If C1 : x2 + y2 = (3 + 2 2 )2 be a circle and PA and PB are pair of tangents on C1 where P is any point on the director
circle of C1, then find the radius of smallest circle which touches C1 externally and also the two tangents PA and PB.
28. A ball moving around the circle x² + y²  2x  4y  20 = 0 in anticlockwise direction leaves it tangentially at
the point P(2, 2). After getting reflected from a straight line it passes through the centre of the circle. Find
5
the equation of this straight line if its perpendicular distance from P is . You can assume that the angle of
2
incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

29. S is a circle having centre at (0, a) and radius b(b < a). A variable circle centred at (, 0) and touching circle S, meets

 
the X-axis at M and N. A point P  0,   a 2  b 2 on the Y-axis, such that MPN is a constant for any choice of

, then find 

30. The ends A , B of a fixed straight line of length ‘a’ and ends A and B of another fixed straight line of length
‘b’ slide upon the axis of X & the axis of Y (one end on axis of X & the other on axis of Y). Find the locus of
the centre of the circle passing through A, B, A and B.

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MATHS FOR JEE MAINS & ADVANCED

ANSWER KEY

EXERCISE - 1

1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. B

14. A 15. A 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B
27. D 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. A
40. C

EXERCISE - 2 : PART # I

1. ABCD 2. AD 3. AD 4. BC 5. AB 6. ABC 7. B 8. ACD

9. ACD 10. ABC 11. ABD 12. AD 13. AC 14. AD 15. AD 16. AB
17. BC 18. C 19. AC 20. AB 21. BCD 22. CD

PART - II

1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. D

EXERCISE - 3 : PART # I
1. A  r,s B  s C  p D  q 2. Aq Bp Cr Ds 3. A  p,q B  p,q C  q D  q,s
4. Ar Bs Cp Dq 5. A  p,q,r B  q,r C  q,r,s D  p,s

PART - II
Comprehension # 1 : 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B
Comprehension # 2 : 1. B 2. C 3. A Comprehension # 3 : 1. B 2. C 3. D
Comprehension # 4 : 1. B 2. D 3. A Comprehension # 5 : 1. B 2. D 3. B
Comprehension # 6 : 1. D 2. D 3. A Comprehension # 7 : 1. B 2. C 3. C
Comprehension # 8 : 1. D 2. B 3. A

EXERCISE - 5 : PART # I
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. C
14. C 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A
27. A 28. C 29. A

PART - II

1. A 2. OA = 3(3 + 10 ) 3. x2 + y2 + 14x – 6y + 6 = 0; 4. 2px + 2qy = r 5. C 6. A 7. C

8. 2x2 + 2y2 – 10x – 5y + 1 = 0 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. (i) D, (ii) A, (iii) D
15. B 16. 8 17. 3 18. D 19. 2 20. A 21. D 22. A 24. B,C 25. A,C 26. A,B,C

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 CIRCLE

MOCK TEST

1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. C 11. ACD 12. B

13. BC 14. AC 15. AD 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C
21. A  p,q,r B  q,r C  q,r,s D  p,s 22. A  r B  s C  q D  p
23. 1. D 2. D 3. A 24. 1. B 2. C 3. C 25. 1. B 2. A 3. B
26. x2 + y2  10 x  4 y + 4 = 0 27. 1 28. (4 3  3) x  (4 + 3 3 ) y(39  2 3 ) = 0
29. 1 30. (2ax  2by)² + (2bx  2ay)² = (a²  b²)²

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