Problem 3.2 Apply nodal analysis to determine Vx in the circuit of Fig. P3.2.
2
1
V
3A
+
4 Vx
_
Figure P3.2: Circuit for Problem 3.2.
Solution: At node V , application of KCL gives
V
V
3+
= 0,
2+1
2+4
which leads to
V = 6 V.
By voltage division,
Vx =
V 4 64
=
= 4 V.
2+4
6
c
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National Technology and Science Press
Problem 3.3 Use nodal analysis to determine the current Ix and amount of power
supplied by the voltage source in the circuit of Fig. P3.3.
I
V
Ix
9A
+
_ 40 V
Figure P3.3: Circuit for Problem 3.3.
Solution: At node V , application of KCL gives
V V V 40
=0
9 + + +
2 4
8
1 1 1
40
V
= 9+
+ +
2 4 8
8
7V
= 9+5
8
V = 16 V.
The current Ix is then given by
Ix =
V
16
=
= 4 A.
4
4
To find the power supplied by the 40-V source, we need to first find the current I
flowing into its positive terminal,
I=
V 40 16 40
=
= 3 A.
8
8
Hence,
P = V I = 40 (3) = 120 W
(The minus sign confirms that the voltage source is a supplier of power.)
c
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2013
National Technology and Science Press
Problem 3.4 For the circuit in Fig. P3.4:
(a) Apply nodal analysis to find node voltages V1 and V2 .
(b) Determine the voltage VR and current I.
V1
1
16 V
+
_
V2
1
+ VR
_
1
Figure P3.4: Circuit for Problem 3.4.
Solution: (a) At nodes V1 and V2 ,
V1 16 V1 V1 V2
+ +
=0
1
1
1
V2 V1 V2 V2
+ +
=0
1
1
1
Node 1:
Node 2:
(1)
(2)
Simplifying Eqs. (1) and (2) gives:
3V1 V2 = 16
(3)
V1 + 3V2 = 0.
(4)
Simultaneous solution of Eqs. (3) and (4) leads to:
V1 = 6 V,
V2 = 2 V.
(b)
VR = V1 V2 = 6 2 = 4 V
I=
V2 2
= = 2 A.
1
1
c
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2013
National Technology and Science Press
Problem 3.10 The circuit in Fig. P3.10 contains a dependent current source.
Determine the voltage Vx .
Vx
2
+
6V _
2Vx
+
Vx
_
Figure P3.10: Circuit for Problem 3.10.
Solution: In terms of the node voltage Vx , KCL gives
Vx
Vx 6 Vx
+ 2Vx + = 0,
2
3
6
whose solution leads to
Vx = 3 V.
c
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National Technology and Science Press
Problem 3.14 Apply nodal analysis to find the current Ix in the circuit of Fig. P3.14.
4V
+_
0.2
0.5
V1
0.1
+
_ 2V
0.5
V2
V3
Ix
0.1
0.1
+
3V _
Figure P3.14: Circuit for Problem 3.14.
Solution: Application of KCL to the designated node voltages V1 , V2 , and V3 gives
V1 2 V1 V2 V1 V3 4
+
+
=0
0.1
0.5
0.2
V2 V1 V2 V2 V3
+
+
=0
0.5
0.1
0.5
V3 V1 + 4 V3 V2 V3 3
+
+
=0
0.2
0.5
0.1
(1)
(2)
(3)
Simplification, followed with simultaneous solution, leads to
V1 = 2.865 V,
and
Ix =
V2 = 0.625 V,
V3 = 1.51 V,
V2
0.625
=
= 6.25 A.
0.1
0.1
c
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2013
National Technology and Science Press
Problem 3.26 Apply mesh analysis to find the mesh currents in the circuit of
Fig. P3.26. Use the information to determine the voltage V .
2
16 V
+
_
2
4
3
I1
I2
+
_ 12 V
Figure P3.26: Circuit for Problem 3.26.
Solution: Application of KVL to the two loops gives:
Mesh 1:
16 + 2I1 + 3(I1 I2 ) = 0,
Mesh 2:
3(I2 I1 ) + (2 + 4)I2 + 12 = 0,
which can be simplified to
5I1 3I2 = 16
(1)
3I1 + 9I2 = 12.
(2)
Simultaneous solution of (1) and (2) leads to
I1 = 3 A,
1
I2 = A.
3
Hence,
1
= 10 V.
V = 3(I1 I2 ) = 3 3 +
3
c
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2013
National Technology and Science Press
Problem 3.31 Apply mesh analysis to determine the amount of power supplied by
the voltage source in Fig. P3.31.
4A
I3
2
2
I1
+
_ 48 V
I2
Figure P3.31: Circuit for Problem 3.31.
Solution:
Mesh 1:
2I1 + 3(I1 I3 ) + 2(I1 I2 ) + 48 = 0
Mesh 2:
48 + 2(I2 I1 ) + 6(I2 I3 ) + 4I2 = 0
Mesh 3:
I3 = 4 A.
Solution is:
I1 = 8.4 A,
I2 = 0.6 A,
I3 = 4 A.
Current entering + terminal of voltage source is:
I = I1 I2 = 8.4 0.6 = 9 A.
Hence,
P = V I = 48 (9) = 432 W.
c
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National Technology and Science Press
Problem 3.34 Apply mesh analysis to the circuit in Fig. P3.34 to determine Vx .
2
+
6V _
I1 3
I2
2Vx
I3
+
_
Vx
Figure P3.34: Circuit for Problem 3.34.
Solution:
Mesh 1:
Supermesh:
Auxiliary 1:
Auxiliary 2:
6 + 2I1 + 3(I1 I2 ) = 0
3(I2 I1 ) + 6I3 = 0
I3 I2 = 2Vx
Vx = 6I3
Solution is:
I1 = 4.5 A,
I2 = 5.5 A,
I3 = 0.5 A.
Vx = 6I3 = 6 (0.5) = 3 V.
c
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