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Form 4 Maths Chapter 2

The document discusses quadratic expressions and equations. It defines a quadratic expression as having one unknown, with the highest power being 2. Examples of quadratic expressions are provided. Methods for factorizing quadratic expressions are outlined, including taking out the highest common factor, writing perfect squares as factors, and using the formula x2 + bx + c = (x + p)(x + q). Several exercises provide examples of determining if an expression is quadratic, expanding and factorizing quadratic expressions.

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Ace Cheah Mun Chun
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350 views6 pages

Form 4 Maths Chapter 2

The document discusses quadratic expressions and equations. It defines a quadratic expression as having one unknown, with the highest power being 2. Examples of quadratic expressions are provided. Methods for factorizing quadratic expressions are outlined, including taking out the highest common factor, writing perfect squares as factors, and using the formula x2 + bx + c = (x + p)(x + q). Several exercises provide examples of determining if an expression is quadratic, expanding and factorizing quadratic expressions.

Uploaded by

Ace Cheah Mun Chun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHAPTER 2 QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS & EQUATIONS PART I

Quadratic Expressions
Quadratic Equations

QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS
1. A quadratic expression is written in the form

ax2 + bx + c , where x is an unknown and a, b, c are constants


such that a 0

Example
i. x2 + 3x 1 iii. 8 x2
ii. 4x2 7x iv. 10p2 + p 2

2. Has only one unknown and the highest power of the unknown is 2.

EXERCISE
Level 1:
Determine which are the following are quadratic expressions:
3
a. 7 + 2x x2 c. + 4x 1
2

1
b. 5x2 + 3 d. 2x3 5x +

Level 1:
Form quadratic expression by multiplying two linear expressions:
a. (3x 2) (x + 4)

b. (2x + 5) (2x 5)

c. (4x 1)2
d. (5 + p) (2 + 3p)

Level 2:
A B

x cm
F
4 cm

D 2x cm E 5 cm C

In the diagram, ABCD is a rectangle. E lies on CD and F lies on BC. Express the area of the
shaded region in terms of x.

Level 2

Diagram shows a cuboid. BG is 2cm shorter than AB and BC is 3cm longer than AB.
Express the total surface area of the cuboid in terms of x.
Level 3

In the diagram, BCE and AED are straight lines.


a. Find the length of EC in cm.
b. Express the area of ABE in terms of x.

Level 3
The perimeter of a rectangular plot of land (4x 10) cm. Given its length is (x 7) cm,
express area in terms of x.
3. Factorisation of quadratic expressions

Expansion - when two linear expressions are multiplied.

Factorisation - when a quadratic expression is written as a product of two


linear expressions.

To factorise quadratic expressions ax2 + c, take out the highest common


factor of a and c

To factorise quadratic expressions ax2 + bx, take out the highest common
factor of a and b

To factorise quadratic expressions px2 q, where p and q are perfect squares,


write p = a2 and q = b2 and px2 q = (ax + b) (ax b).

In the form x2 + bx + c = (x + p) (x + q), b = p + q and c = pq.

In the form ax2 + bx + c = (mx + p) (nx +q), b = mq + np and c = pq.

EXERCISE
Level 1:
Factorise the following completely.
a. 6x2 + 8 g. 6e 2e2

b. 9 + 6p2 h. 20r2 8r

c. 12x2 + 18 i. 25x2 4

d. 5 + 5k2 j. 1 36p2

e. 2x2 + 10x k. 4m2 n2

f. 7p + 21p2 l. 9e2 49f2


Level 2:
a. x2 + 7x + 10 f. 2x2 + 7x + 6

b. x2 8x + 12 g. 2x2 13x + 15

c. x2 + 5x 6 h. 6x2 + 5x 6

d. x2 3x 18 i. 8 + 2x x2

e. 16 8x + x
Level 2
Factorise
a. 8x2 12x c. (2x 1) (x + 3) 9

b. 3x (x 7) + 2(7 x)

Level 3:
Factorise the following completely
a. 2x2 + 16x + 24 d. -18x2 33x + 30

b. 12x2 12x + 3 e. c2 25p2

c. 4 36k2 f. (3x + 5)2 16

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